这几天遇到一个比较两个对象中属性值是否相等的问题。写了一个比较函数,如下:
function isObjectValueEqual(a, b) {
var aProps = Object.getOwnPropertyNames(a);
var bProps = Object.getOwnPropertyNames(b);
if (aProps.length != bProps.length) {
return false;
}
for (var i = 0; i < aProps.length; i++) {
var propName = aProps[i];
if (a[propName] !== b[propName]) {
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
这里使用了Object.getOwnPropertyByNames(obj)这个函数。该方法返回一个由指定对象的所有
自身属性的属性名(包括不可枚举属性)组成的数组,但是不会获取到原型链上的属性。这个方法在IE8下测试时发现不兼容。
准备用最原始的for-in遍历对象属性,但是这样的话for-in还会遍历出一个对象从其原型链上继承到的可枚举属性。
可是我需要一个一个对象的所有属性,包括不可枚举的。看到还有一个Object.keys(),它也是从IE9开始才支持。最后写了一个兼容IE8的Object.keys函数,如下:
Object.keys = Object.keys || function(obj){
if (obj !== Object(obj)){
return;
}
var arr = [];
for(var i in obj){
//obj.hasOwnProperty(属性) 检测对象在排除原型链的情况下是否具有某个属性。
// if(obj.hasOwnProperty(i)){
if(Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(obj,i)){
arr.push(i)
}
}
return arr;
};
上面的获取对象属性值得方法即为:
var aprops = Object.keys(a);
在IE8下测试时,又发现一个情况:
//屏蔽(覆盖)不可枚举的方法 toString()
var obj = {
toString:"ok"
}
for(var i in obj){
if(i === "toString"){
alert(obj[i]);//IE中不会弹出 "ok"
}
}
原来是IE8等早期浏览器的BUG,屏蔽了(即覆盖)原型中不可枚举属性的实例属性也会在for-in循环中返回。因为只要是开发人员定义的属性都是可以枚举的,即使覆盖了原型中原来不可以枚举的属性,但是IE8及早期版本不买账。
那么这个bug会影响哪些属性和方法呢,包括toString()在内的以下七种:hasOwnProperty(),propertyIsEnumerable(),toLocaleString(),toString(),valueOf(),isPrototypeOf,constructor。
参考的实现如下:
if (!Object.keys) {
Object.keys = (function () {
var hasOwnProperty = Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty,
hasDontEnumBug = !({toString: null}).propertyIsEnumerable('toString'),
dontEnums = [
'toString',
'toLocaleString',
'valueOf',
'hasOwnProperty',
'isPrototypeOf',
'propertyIsEnumerable',
'constructor'
],
dontEnumsLength = dontEnums.length;
return function (obj) {
if (typeof obj !== 'object' && typeof obj !== 'function' || obj === null) throw new TypeError('Object.keys called on non-object');
var result = [];
for (var prop in obj) {
if (hasOwnProperty.call(obj, prop)) result.push(prop);
}
if (hasDontEnumBug) {
for (var i=0; i < dontEnumsLength; i++) {
if (hasOwnProperty.call(obj, dontEnums[i])) result.push(dontEnums[i]);
}
}
return result;
}
})()
};
最主要的是
hasDontEnumBug = !({toString: null}).propertyIsEnumerable(‘toString’).
首先屏蔽了创建对象 {toString:null} 用来屏蔽(覆盖)原型中不可枚举的toString()方法,即hasDontEnumBug为true时则为IE8及以下浏览器,然后进行数组push即可:
上面的代码在IE7(也许IE8也是)下有个问题,就是如果传入一个来自其他 window 对象下的对象时,不可枚举的属性也会获取到。 解决办法就是那就用window.frameElement判断是不是当前窗口:
if(window.frameElement == null && !Object.keys){
//code
}
其实上述还有很多的问题存在:
1) 如果该属性值之一本身就是一个对象
2) 如果属性值中的一个是NaN等等
所以最好是依赖完善的测试库来涵盖各种便捷情况,Underscore和Lo-Dash有一个名为_.isEqual()方法,用来比较好的处理深度对象的比较。
最后附上Underscore中isEqual的部分源码:
// Internal recursive comparison function for `isEqual`.
var eq = function(a, b, aStack, bStack) {
// Identical objects are equal. `0 === -0`, but they aren't identical.
// See the [Harmony `egal` proposal](http://wiki.ecmascript.org/doku.php?id=harmony:egal).
if (a === b) return a !== 0 || 1 / a === 1 / b;
// A strict comparison is necessary because `null == undefined`.
if (a == null || b == null) return a === b;
// Unwrap any wrapped objects.
if (a instanceof _) a = a._wrapped;
if (b instanceof _) b = b._wrapped;
// Compare `[[Class]]` names.
var className = toString.call(a);
if (className !== toString.call(b)) return false;
switch (className) {
// Strings, numbers, regular expressions, dates, and booleans are compared by value.
case '[object RegExp]':
// RegExps are coerced to strings for comparison (Note: '' + /a/i === '/a/i')
case '[object String]':
// Primitives and their corresponding object wrappers are equivalent; thus, `"5"` is
// equivalent to `new String("5")`.
return '' + a === '' + b;
case '[object Number]':
// `NaN`s are equivalent, but non-reflexive.
// Object(NaN) is equivalent to NaN
if (+a !== +a) return +b !== +b;
// An `egal` comparison is performed for other numeric values.
return +a === 0 ? 1 / +a === 1 / b : +a === +b;
case '[object Date]':
case '[object Boolean]':
// Coerce dates and booleans to numeric primitive values. Dates are compared by their
// millisecond representations. Note that invalid dates with millisecond representations
// of `NaN` are not equivalent.
return +a === +b;
}
if (typeof a != 'object' || typeof b != 'object') return false;
// Assume equality for cyclic structures. The algorithm for detecting cyclic
// structures is adapted from ES 5.1 section 15.12.3, abstract operation `JO`.
var length = aStack.length;
while (length--) {
// Linear search. Performance is inversely proportional to the number of
// unique nested structures.
if (aStack[length] === a) return bStack[length] === b;
}
// Objects with different constructors are not equivalent, but `Object`s
// from different frames are.
var aCtor = a.constructor, bCtor = b.constructor;
if (
aCtor !== bCtor &&
// Handle Object.create(x) cases
'constructor' in a && 'constructor' in b &&
!(_.isFunction(aCtor) && aCtor instanceof aCtor &&
_.isFunction(bCtor) && bCtor instanceof bCtor)
) {
return false;
}
// Add the first object to the stack of traversed objects.
aStack.push(a);
bStack.push(b);
var size, result;
// Recursively compare objects and arrays.
if (className === '[object Array]') {
// Compare array lengths to determine if a deep comparison is necessary.
size = a.length;
result = size === b.length;
if (result) {
// Deep compare the contents, ignoring non-numeric properties.
while (size--) {
if (!(result = eq(a[size], b[size], aStack, bStack))) break;
}
}
} else {
// Deep compare objects.
var keys = _.keys(a), key;
size = keys.length;
// Ensure that both objects contain the same number of properties before comparing deep equality.
result = _.keys(b).length === size;
if (result) {
while (size--) {
// Deep compare each member
key = keys[size];
if (!(result = _.has(b, key) && eq(a[key], b[key], aStack, bStack))) break;
}
}
}
// Remove the first object from the stack of traversed objects.
aStack.pop();
bStack.pop();
return result;
};
// Perform a deep comparison to check if two objects are equal.
_.isEqual = function(a, b) {
return eq(a, b, [], []);
};
参考:
https://developer.mozilla.org/zh-CN/docs/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object/keys