Java 23种设计模式之组合模式

1. 概念

将对象组合成树形结构以表示“部分-整体”的层次结构。组合模式使得用户对单个对象和组合对象的使用具有一致性。

2. 创建父类抽象类

public abstract class Company {

    protected String name;
    public Company(String name){
        this.name = name;
    }

    //增加
    public abstract void add(Company c);
    //删除
    public abstract void delete(Company c);
    //显示
    public abstract void display(int depth);
    //履行职责
    public abstract void lineOfDuty();
}

3. 创建具体子类实现父类抽象类

1. 创建子类树枝节点
public class ConcreteCompany extends Company{

    private List<Company> childrens = new ArrayList<>();

    public ConcreteCompany(String name) {
        super(name);
    }

    @Override
    public void add(Company c) {
        childrens.add(c);
    }

    @Override
    public void delete(Company c) {
        childrens.remove(c);
    }

    @Override
    public void display(int depth) {

        StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
        for (int i = 0; i < depth; i++) {
            sb.append("-");
        }
        System.out.println(sb.toString()+name);
        for (Company company: childrens) {
            company.display(depth + 2);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void lineOfDuty() {

        for (Company company: childrens) {
            company.lineOfDuty();
        }
    }
}

2. 创建子类树叶节点
public class FinanceDepartment extends Company      {

    public FinanceDepartment(String name) {
        super(name);
    }

    @Override
    public void add(Company c) {

    }

    @Override
    public void delete(Company c) {

    }

    @Override
    public void display(int depth) {
//        System.out.println("-"+name);
        StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
        for (int i = 0; i < depth; i++) {
            sb.append("-");
        }
        System.out.println(sb.toString()+name);

    }

    @Override
    public void lineOfDuty() {
        System.out.println(name+"  公司财务收支管理");
    }
}


public class HRDepartment extends Company {

    public HRDepartment(String name) {
        super(name);
    }

    @Override
    public void add(Company c) {

    }

    @Override
    public void delete(Company c) {

    }

    @Override
    public void display(int depth) {
//        System.out.println("-"+name);
        StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
        for (int i = 0; i < depth; i++) {
            sb.append("-");
        }
        System.out.println(sb.toString()+name);

    }

    @Override
    public void lineOfDuty() {
        System.out.println(name+"  新员工培训管理");
    }
}

4. 测试类

 @org.junit.Test
public void test(){

    Company root = new ConcreteCompany("北京总公司");
    root.add(new HRDepartment("总公司人力资源部"));
    root.add(new FinanceDepartment("总公司财务部"));

    Company comp = new ConcreteCompany("上海华东分公司");
    comp.add(new HRDepartment("华东分公司人力资源部"));
    comp.add(new FinanceDepartment("华东分公司财务部"));
    root.add(comp);

    Company comp1 = new ConcreteCompany("杭州办事处");
    comp1.add(new HRDepartment("杭州办事处人力资源部"));
    comp1.add(new FinanceDepartment("杭州办事处财务部"));
    comp.add(comp1);

    System.out.println("结构图");
    root.display(1);
    System.out.println();

    System.out.println("履行职责");
    root.lineOfDuty();
}

5.小结

组合模式可以让客户可以一直使用组合结构和单个对象