我的理解:ConetntRolver(用户使用入口)---------->ContentProvider(提供统一操作数据库的入口)-------->SqlIteHelper操作数据库
本人原创作品,谢绝转载!
作为android四大组件之一,今天总结一下它的用法。
ContentProvider官方有很多地方提到,其中一个是在API文档上(http://developer.android.com/guide/topics/providers/content-providers.html)面有介绍,有兴趣去看一下,虽然是英文的,对了解ContentProvider很有用;还有一个地方是android SDK中的%android_home%/samples/android-x/下面的一个NotePad的demo,代码架构可以参考该demo。本文来自此demo,并做相关修改。
代码:
SQLite数据库直接操作类:
- DatabaseHelper.java
- package com.jacp.database;
- import android.content.Context;
- import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;
- import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteOpenHelper;
- import com.jacp.demo.provider.Provider;
- /**
- * 操作数据库
- * @author jacp
- *
- */
- public class DatabaseHelper extends SQLiteOpenHelper {
- private static final String DATABASE_NAME = "jacp_demo.db";
- private static final int DATABASE_VERSION = 1;
- public DatabaseHelper(Context context) {
- super(context, DATABASE_NAME, null, DATABASE_VERSION);
- }
- @Override
- public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase db) {
- db.execSQL("CREATE TABLE " + Provider.PersonColumns.TABLE_NAME + " ("
- + Provider.PersonColumns._ID + " INTEGER PRIMARY KEY,"
- + Provider.PersonColumns.NAME + " TEXT,"
- + Provider.PersonColumns.AGE + " INTEGER"
- + ");");
- }
- @Override
- public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) {
- db.execSQL("DROP TABLE IF EXISTS " + Provider.PersonColumns.TABLE_NAME);
- onCreate(db);
- }
- }
Provider.java
- package com.jacp.demo.provider;
- import android.net.Uri;
- import android.provider.BaseColumns;
- /**
- * 存放跟数据库有关的常量
- * @author jacp
- *
- */
- public class Provider {
- // 这个是每个Provider的标识,在Manifest中使用
- public static final String AUTHORITY = "com.jacp.provider.demo.person";
- public static final String CONTENT_TYPE = "vnd.android.cursor.dir/vnd.jacp.demo";
- public static final String CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE = "vnd.android.cursor.item/vnd.jacp.demo";
- /**
- * 跟Person表相关的常量
- * @author jacp
- *
- */
- public static final class PersonColumns implements BaseColumns {
- // CONTENT_URI跟数据库的表关联,最后根据CONTENT_URI来查询对应的表
- public static final Uri CONTENT_URI = Uri.parse("content://"+ AUTHORITY +"/persons");
- public static final String TABLE_NAME = "person";
- public static final String DEFAULT_SORT_ORDER = "age desc";
- public static final String NAME = "name";
- public static final String AGE = "age";
- }
- }
对数据增删改查操作的类:
PersonProvider.java- package com.jacp.demo.provider;
- import java.util.HashMap;
- import android.content.ContentProvider;
- import android.content.ContentUris;
- import android.content.ContentValues;
- import android.content.UriMatcher;
- import android.database.Cursor;
- import android.database.SQLException;
- import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;
- import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteQueryBuilder;
- import android.net.Uri;
- import android.text.TextUtils;
- import com.jacp.database.DatabaseHelper;
- /**
- * 操作数据库Person表的ContentProvider
- * @author jacp
- *
- */
- public class PersonProvider extends ContentProvider {
- private static HashMap<String, String> sPersonsProjectionMap;
- private static final int PERSONS = 1;
- private static final int PERSONS_ID = 2;
- private static final UriMatcher sUriMatcher;
- private DatabaseHelper mOpenHelper;
- @Override
- public boolean onCreate() {
- mOpenHelper = new DatabaseHelper(getContext());
- return true;
- }
- @Override
- public Cursor query(Uri uri, String[] projection, String selection, String[] selectionArgs,
- String sortOrder) {
- SQLiteQueryBuilder qb = new SQLiteQueryBuilder();
- qb.setTables(Provider.PersonColumns.TABLE_NAME);
- switch (sUriMatcher.match(uri)) {
- case PERSONS:
- qb.setProjectionMap(sPersonsProjectionMap);
- break;
- case PERSONS_ID:
- qb.setProjectionMap(sPersonsProjectionMap);
- qb.appendWhere(Provider.PersonColumns._ID + "=" + uri.getPathSegments().get(1));
- break;
- default:
- throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unknown URI " + uri);
- }
- // If no sort order is specified use the default
- String orderBy;
- if (TextUtils.isEmpty(sortOrder)) {
- orderBy = Provider.PersonColumns.DEFAULT_SORT_ORDER;
- } else {
- orderBy = sortOrder;
- }
- // Get the database and run the query
- SQLiteDatabase db = mOpenHelper.getReadableDatabase();
- Cursor c = qb.query(db, projection, selection, selectionArgs, null, null, orderBy);
- // Tell the cursor what uri to watch, so it knows when its source data changes
- c.setNotificationUri(getContext().getContentResolver(), uri);
- return c;
- }
- @Override
- public String getType(Uri uri) {
- switch (sUriMatcher.match(uri)) {
- case PERSONS:
- return Provider.CONTENT_TYPE;
- case PERSONS_ID:
- return Provider.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE;
- default:
- throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unknown URI " + uri);
- }
- }
- @Override
- public Uri insert(Uri uri, ContentValues initialValues) {
- // Validate the requested uri
- if (sUriMatcher.match(uri) != PERSONS) {
- throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unknown URI " + uri);
- }
- ContentValues values;
- if (initialValues != null) {
- values = new ContentValues(initialValues);
- } else {
- values = new ContentValues();
- }
- // Make sure that the fields are all set
- if (values.containsKey(Provider.PersonColumns.NAME) == false) {
- values.put(Provider.PersonColumns.NAME, "");
- }
- if (values.containsKey(Provider.PersonColumns.AGE) == false) {
- values.put(Provider.PersonColumns.AGE, 0);
- }
- SQLiteDatabase db = mOpenHelper.getWritableDatabase();
- long rowId = db.insert(Provider.PersonColumns.TABLE_NAME, Provider.PersonColumns.NAME, values);
- if (rowId > 0) {
- Uri noteUri = ContentUris.withAppendedId(Provider.PersonColumns.CONTENT_URI, rowId);
- getContext().getContentResolver().notifyChange(noteUri, null);
- return noteUri;
- }
- throw new SQLException("Failed to insert row into " + uri);
- }
- @Override
- public int delete(Uri uri, String where, String[] whereArgs) {
- SQLiteDatabase db = mOpenHelper.getWritableDatabase();
- int count;
- switch (sUriMatcher.match(uri)) {
- case PERSONS:
- count = db.delete(Provider.PersonColumns.TABLE_NAME, where, whereArgs);
- break;
- case PERSONS_ID:
- String noteId = uri.getPathSegments().get(1);
- count = db.delete(Provider.PersonColumns.TABLE_NAME, Provider.PersonColumns._ID + "=" + noteId
- + (!TextUtils.isEmpty(where) ? " AND (" + where + ')' : ""), whereArgs);
- break;
- default:
- throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unknown URI " + uri);
- }
- getContext().getContentResolver().notifyChange(uri, null);
- return count;
- }
- @Override
- public int update(Uri uri, ContentValues values, String where, String[] whereArgs) {
- SQLiteDatabase db = mOpenHelper.getWritableDatabase();
- int count;
- switch (sUriMatcher.match(uri)) {
- case PERSONS:
- count = db.update(Provider.PersonColumns.TABLE_NAME, values, where, whereArgs);
- break;
- case PERSONS_ID:
- String noteId = uri.getPathSegments().get(1);
- count = db.update(Provider.PersonColumns.TABLE_NAME, values, Provider.PersonColumns._ID + "=" + noteId
- + (!TextUtils.isEmpty(where) ? " AND (" + where + ')' : ""), whereArgs);
- break;
- default:
- throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unknown URI " + uri);
- }
- getContext().getContentResolver().notifyChange(uri, null);
- return count;
- }
- static {
- sUriMatcher = new UriMatcher(UriMatcher.NO_MATCH);
- // 这个地方的persons要和PersonColumns.CONTENT_URI中最后面的一个Segment一致
- sUriMatcher.addURI(Provider.AUTHORITY, "persons", PERSONS);
- sUriMatcher.addURI(Provider.AUTHORITY, "persons/#", PERSONS_ID);
- sPersonsProjectionMap = new HashMap<String, String>();
- sPersonsProjectionMap.put(Provider.PersonColumns._ID, Provider.PersonColumns._ID);
- sPersonsProjectionMap.put(Provider.PersonColumns.NAME, Provider.PersonColumns.NAME);
- sPersonsProjectionMap.put(Provider.PersonColumns.AGE, Provider.PersonColumns.AGE);
- }
- }
Person.java
- package com.jacp.pojos;
- public class Person {
- public String name;
- public int age;
- }
ContentProviderDemoActivity.java
- package com.jacp.demo;
- import android.app.Activity;
- import android.content.ContentValues;
- import android.database.Cursor;
- import android.net.Uri;
- import android.os.Bundle;
- import android.text.TextUtils;
- import android.util.Log;
- import com.jacp.demo.provider.Provider;
- import com.jacp.pojos.Person;
- public class ContentProviderDemoActivity extends Activity {
- private static final String TAG = "ProviderActivity";
- @Override
- public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
- super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
- setContentView(R.layout.main);
- test();
- }
- private void test() {
- Person p = new Person();
- p.name = "jacp";
- p.age = 99;
- int id = insert(p);
- query(id);
- }
- private int insert(Person person) {
- ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
- values.put(Provider.PersonColumns.NAME, person.name);
- values.put(Provider.PersonColumns.AGE, person.age);
- Uri uri = getContentResolver().insert(Provider.PersonColumns.CONTENT_URI, values);
- Log.i(TAG, "insert uri="+uri);
- String lastPath = uri.getLastPathSegment();
- if (TextUtils.isEmpty(lastPath)) {
- Log.i(TAG, "insert failure!");
- } else {
- Log.i(TAG, "insert success! the id is " + lastPath);
- }
- return Integer.parseInt(lastPath);
- }
- private void query(int id) {
- Cursor c = getContentResolver().query(Provider.PersonColumns.CONTENT_URI, new String[] { Provider.PersonColumns.NAME, Provider.PersonColumns.AGE }, Provider.PersonColumns._ID + "=?", new String[] { id + "" }, null);
- if (c != null && c.moveToFirst()) {
- Person p = new Person();
- p.name = c.getString(c.getColumnIndexOrThrow(Provider.PersonColumns.NAME));
- p.age = c.getInt(c.getColumnIndexOrThrow(Provider.PersonColumns.AGE));
- Log.i(TAG, "person.name="+p.name+"---person.age="+p.age);
- } else {
- Log.i(TAG, "query failure!");
- }
- }
- }
Manifest.xml文件中注册配置:
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
- <manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
- package="com.jacp.demo"
- android:versionCode="1"
- android:versionName="1.0" >
- <uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="8" />
- <application
- android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"
- android:label="@string/app_name" >
- <activity
- android:label="@string/app_name"
- android:name=".ContentProviderDemoActivity" >
- <intent-filter >
- <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
- <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
- </intent-filter>
- </activity>
- <!-- 注意这个地方的位置,是在application标签里面;android:authorities对应Provider.AUTHORITY -->
- <provider android:name=".provider.PersonProvider"
- android:authorities="com.jacp.provider.demo.person" />
- </application>
- </manifest>
如果对ContentProvider不熟悉,把SDK中的NotePad项目copy改几遍,在改的时候就会明白每个地方起的作用,copy改了几次就会慢慢熟悉了。
demo下载地址:http://download.csdn.net/detail/maylian7700/4150144
转:http://blog.csdn.net/maylian7700/article/details/7365368