Problem 8. String to Integer (atoi)
Implement atoi to convert a string to an integer.
Hint: Carefully consider all possible input cases. If you want a challenge, please do not see below and ask yourself what are the possible input cases.
Notes: It is intended for this problem to be specified vaguely (i.e. no given input specs). You are responsible to gather all the input requirements up front.
Requirements for atoi:
The function first discards as many whitespace characters as necessary until the first non-whitespace character is found. Then, starting from this character, takes an optional initial plus or minus sign followed by as many numerical digits as possible, and interprets them as a numerical value.
The string can contain additional characters after those that form the integral number, which are ignored and have no effect on the behavior of this function.
If the first sequence of non-whitespace characters in str is not a valid integral number, or if no such sequence exists because either str is empty or it contains only whitespace characters, no conversion is performed.
If no valid conversion could be performed, a zero value is returned. If the correct value is out of the range of representable values, INT_MAX (2147483647) or INT_MIN (-2147483648) is returned.
My solution in Python:
Implement atoi to convert a string to an integer.
Hint: Carefully consider all possible input cases. If you want a challenge, please do not see below and ask yourself what are the possible input cases.
Notes: It is intended for this problem to be specified vaguely (i.e. no given input specs). You are responsible to gather all the input requirements up front.
Requirements for atoi:
The function first discards as many whitespace characters as necessary until the first non-whitespace character is found. Then, starting from this character, takes an optional initial plus or minus sign followed by as many numerical digits as possible, and interprets them as a numerical value.
The string can contain additional characters after those that form the integral number, which are ignored and have no effect on the behavior of this function.
If the first sequence of non-whitespace characters in str is not a valid integral number, or if no such sequence exists because either str is empty or it contains only whitespace characters, no conversion is performed.
If no valid conversion could be performed, a zero value is returned. If the correct value is out of the range of representable values, INT_MAX (2147483647) or INT_MIN (-2147483648) is returned.
class Solution(object): def myAtoi(self, str): """ :type str: str :rtype: int """ str = str.strip() if str == "" : return 0 i = 0 sign = 1 ret = 0 length = len(str) MaxInt = (1 << 31) - 1 if str[i] == '+': i += 1 elif str[i] == '-' : i += 1 sign = -1 for i in range(i, length) : if str[i] < '0' or str[i] > '9' : break ret = ret * 10 + int(str[i]) if ret > sys.maxint: break ret *= sign if ret >= MaxInt: return MaxInt if ret < MaxInt * -1 : return MaxInt * - 1 - 1 return ret
Review:
According to the requirements in the description, as long as the string starts with number digits (ignoring whitespaces), that substring of number digits is converted to an integer. So first we use the “strip” function to remove all consecutive whitespaces from the beginning and end of the original string. Then we check if there is a sign character (“+” or “-“) at the start of the string. Then we read the string one character by one character until a non-number character or the end of the string is reached. We check if the converted integer exceeds the limits of integer. The algorithm ends here.