Android学习5: Service的创建和绑定

Service是Android里面后台运行的一种方法.

因为涉及到后台进程, 这里面的事情, 肯定就不止这些了. 

我在这里只简单的了解了一些Service 调用的过程.  

其中后台服务的退出和释放, 里面水很深.. 以后有机会再慢慢研究吧..

上图:

代码:

在Service 在 XML中的注册方法:

<service android:name=".MyService">
    <intent-filter>
        <action android:name="MY_SERVICE" />
    </intent-filter>
</service>

或者只接写成:

<service android:name=".MyService">
</service>

src/main/AndroidManifest.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.example.youtwo.testservice">

    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme">
        <activity
            android:name=".MainActivity"
            android:label="@string/app_name">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>

        <service android:name=".MyService">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="MY_SERVICE" />
            </intent-filter>
        </service>
    </application>
</manifest>

layout/activity_main.xml:

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent" android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin" tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <LinearLayout
        android:orientation="vertical"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="fill_parent"
        android:layout_centerHorizontal="true">

        <Button
            android:layout_width="fill_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="Start Service"
            android:id="@+id/button1"
            android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal" />

        <Button
            android:layout_width="fill_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="Stop Service"
            android:id="@+id/button2"
            android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal" />

        <Button
            android:layout_width="fill_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="BIND SERVICE"
            android:id="@+id/button3"
            android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal" />

        <Button
            android:layout_width="fill_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="UNBIND SERVICE"
            android:id="@+id/button4"
            android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal" />

        <Button
            android:layout_width="fill_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="EXIT"
            android:id="@+id/button5"
            android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal" />
    </LinearLayout>

</RelativeLayout>

com/example/youtwo/testservice/MainActivity.java

package com.example.youtwo.testservice;

import android.app.Service;
import android.content.ComponentName;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.ServiceConnection;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.support.v7.app.ActionBarActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;


public class MainActivity extends ActionBarActivity {

    Button btnStartMyService, btnStopMyService, btnBindMyService, btnUnbindMyService, btnExit;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        // 初始化按钮
        btnStartMyService = (Button) this.findViewById(R.id.button1);
        btnStartMyService.setOnClickListener(new ClickEvent());

        btnStopMyService = (Button) this.findViewById(R.id.button2);
        btnStopMyService.setOnClickListener(new ClickEvent());

        btnBindMyService = (Button) this.findViewById(R.id.button3);
        btnBindMyService.setOnClickListener(new ClickEvent());

        btnUnbindMyService = (Button) this.findViewById(R.id.button4);
        btnUnbindMyService.setOnClickListener(new ClickEvent());

        btnExit = (Button) this.findViewById(R.id.button5);
        btnExit.setOnClickListener(new ClickEvent());
    }


    @Override
    public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
        // Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.
        getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.menu_main, menu);
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
        // Handle action bar item clicks here. The action bar will
        // automatically handle clicks on the Home/Up button, so long
        // as you specify a parent activity in AndroidManifest.xml.
        int id = item.getItemId();

        //noinspection SimplifiableIfStatement
        if (id == R.id.action_settings) {
            return true;
        }

        return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
    }

    @Override
    public void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
        Log.e("Activity", "onDestroy");
    }

    private ServiceConnection _connection = new ServiceConnection() {
        @Override
        public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName arg0, IBinder arg1) {
            // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        }

        @Override
        public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {
            // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        }
    };

    class ClickEvent implements View.OnClickListener {

        @Override
        public void onClick(View v) {
            Intent intent = new Intent();
            // 两种初始化方法
            // 1. setAction() 对应XML中的 <action android:name="MY_SERVICE" />
            //intent.setAction("MY_SERVICE");

            // 2. setClass 对应XML中的 <service android:name=".MyService">
            intent.setClass(MainActivity.this, MyService.class);

            if (v == btnStartMyService) {
                // 启动service
                // 会调用MyService 的 onCreate() 和 onStartCommand() 方法
                startService(intent);
            } else if (v == btnStopMyService) {
                // 停止service
                stopService(intent);
            } else if (v == btnBindMyService) {
                // 绑定service
                bindService(intent, _connection, Service.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
            } else if (v == btnUnbindMyService) {
                // Service绑定了之后才能解绑
                if (MyService.ServiceState == "onBind")
                    unbindService(_connection);
            } else if (v == btnExit) {
                // 退出时, 停止Service
                if (MyService.ServiceState == "onBind")
                    unbindService(_connection);

                stopService(intent);
                finish();
            }

        }

    }
}

com/example/youtwo/testservice/MyService.java:

package com.example.youtwo.testservice;

import android.app.Service;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.util.Log;
import android.widget.Toast;

/**
 * Created by YouTwo on 2015/1/19.
 */
public class MyService extends Service {
    static public String ServiceState="";

    @Override
    public IBinder onBind(Intent arg0) {
        Log.e("MyService", "onBind");
        ServiceState="onBind";
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onUnbind(Intent intent){
        super.onUnbind(intent);
        Log.e("MyService", "onUnbind");
        ServiceState="onUnbind";
        return false;
    }

    @Override
    public void onCreate() {
        super.onCreate();
        Log.e("MyService", "onCreate");
        ServiceState="onCreate";
    }

    @Override
    public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
        super.onStartCommand(intent, flags, startId);

        Log.e("MyService", "onStartCommand");
        ServiceState="onStartCommand";
        return START_STICKY;
    }

    @Override
    public void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();

        Log.e("MyService", "onDestroy");
        ServiceState="onStart";
        System.out.println("service stop");
    }
}