转自:http://blog.csdn.net/ch_soft/article/details/7661539
iOS开发中会经常用到文件上传下载的功能,这篇文件将介绍一下使用asp.net webservice实现文件上传下载。
首先,让我们看下文件下载。
这里我们下载cnblogs上的一个zip文件。使用NSURLRequest+NSURLConnection可以很方便的实现这个功能。
同步下载文件:
NSString *urlAsString = @"http://files.cnblogs.com/zhuqil/UIWebViewDemo.zip";
NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:urlAsString];
NSURLRequest *request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:url];
NSError *error = nil;
NSData *data = [NSURLConnection sendSynchronousRequest:request
returningResponse:nil
error:&error];
/* 下载的数据 */
if (data != nil){
NSLog(@"下载成功");
if ([data writeToFile:@"UIWebViewDemo.zip" atomically:YES]) {
NSLog(@"保存成功.");
}
else
{
NSLog(@"保存失败.");
}
} else {
NSLog(@"%@", error);
}
异步下载文件:
- (void)viewDidLoad
{
[super viewDidLoad];
//文件地址
NSString *urlAsString = @"http://files.cnblogs.com/zhuqil/UIWebViewDemo.zip";
NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:urlAsString];
NSURLRequest *request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:url];
NSMutableData *data = [[NSMutableData alloc] init];
self.connectionData = data;
[data release];
NSURLConnection *newConnection = [[NSURLConnection alloc]
initWithRequest:request
delegate:self
startImmediately:YES];
self.connection = newConnection;
[newConnection release];
if (self.connection != nil){
NSLog(@"Successfully created the connection");
} else {
NSLog(@"Could not create the connection");
}
}
- (void) connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection
didFailWithError:(NSError *)error{
NSLog(@"An error happened");
NSLog(@"%@", error);
}
- (void) connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection
didReceiveData:(NSData *)data{
NSLog(@"Received data");
[self.connectionData appendData:data];
}
- (void) connectionDidFinishLoading
:(NSURLConnection *)connection{
/* 下载的数据 */
NSLog(@"下载成功");
if ([self.connectionData writeToFile:@"UIWebViewDemo.zip" atomically:YES]) {
NSLog(@"保存成功.");
}
else
{
NSLog(@"保存失败.");
}
/* do something with the data here */
}
- (void) connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection
didReceiveResponse:(NSURLResponse *)response{
[self.connectionData setLength:0];
}
- (void) viewDidUnload{
[super viewDidUnload];
[self.connection cancel];
self.connection = nil;
self.connectionData = nil;
}
从上面两段代码中可以看到同步与异步下载的区别,大部分时候我们使用异步下载文件。在asp.net webservice中可以将文件的地址返回到iOS系统,iOS系统在去请求下载该文件。
上传文件
我们先使用VB.Net写一个webservice方法,用于接收上传上来的文件数据,代码如下。
<WebMethod(Description:=
"上传文件!"
)> _
Public
Function
UploadFile()
As
XmlDocument
Dim
doc
As
XmlDocument =
New
XmlDocument()
Try
Dim
postCollection
As
HttpFileCollection = Context.Request.Files
Dim
aFile
As
HttpPostedFile = postCollection(
"media"
)
aFile.SaveAs(Server.MapPath(
"."
) +
"/"
+ Path.GetFileName(aFile.FileName))
doc.LoadXml(
"<xml>ok</xml>"
)
Return
doc
Catch
ex
As
Exception
doc.LoadXml(
"<xml>fail</xml>"
)
Return
doc
End
Try
End
Function
|
文件上传接口
定义一个类PicOperation用于处理上传图片:
@interface PicOperation : NSOperation
{
UIImage *theImage;
}
@property (retain) UIImage *theImage;
@end
|
- //
- // PicOperation.m
- // DownLoading
- //
- // Created by skylin zhu on 11-7-30.
- // Copyright 2011年 mysoft. All rights reserved.
- //
- #import "PicOperation.h"
- #define NOTIFY_AND_LEAVE(X) {[self cleanup:X]; return;}
- #define DATA(X) [X dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]
- // Posting constants
- #define IMAGE_CONTENT @"Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"%@\"; filename=\"image.jpg\"\r\nContent-Type: image/jpeg\r\n\r\n"
- #define STRING_CONTENT @"Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"%@\"\r\n\r\n"
- #define MULTIPART @"multipart/form-data; boundary=------------0x0x0x0x0x0x0x0x"
- @implementation PicOperation
- @synthesize theImage;
- //创建postdata
- - (NSData*)generateFormDataFromPostDictionary:(NSDictionary*)dict
- {
- id boundary = @"------------0x0x0x0x0x0x0x0x";
- NSArray* keys = [dict allKeys];
- NSMutableData* result = [NSMutableData data];
- for (int i = 0; i < [keys count]; i++)
- {
- id value = [dict valueForKey: [keys objectAtIndex:i]];
- [result appendData:[[NSString stringWithFormat:@"--%@\r\n", boundary] dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]];
- if ([value isKindOfClass:[NSData class]])
- {
- // handle image data
- NSString *formstring = [NSString stringWithFormat:IMAGE_CONTENT, [keys objectAtIndex:i]];
- [result appendData: DATA(formstring)];
- [result appendData:value];
- }
- else
- {
- // all non-image fields assumed to be strings
- NSString *formstring = [NSString stringWithFormat:STRING_CONTENT, [keys objectAtIndex:i]];
- [result appendData: DATA(formstring)];
- [result appendData:DATA(value)];
- }
- NSString *formstring = @"\r\n";
- [result appendData:DATA(formstring)];
- }
- NSString *formstring =[NSString stringWithFormat:@"--%@--\r\n", boundary];
- [result appendData:DATA(formstring)];
- return result;
- }
- //上传图片
- - (NSString *) UpLoading
- {
- if (!self.theImage)
- NOTIFY_AND_LEAVE(@"Please set image before uploading.");
- NSMutableDictionary* post_dict = [[NSMutableDictionary alloc] init];
- [post_dict setObject:@"Posted from iPhone" forKey:@"message"];
- [post_dict setObject:UIImageJPEGRepresentation(self.theImage, 0.75f) forKey:@"media"];
- NSData *postData = [self generateFormDataFromPostDictionary:post_dict];
- [post_dict release];
- NSString *baseurl = @"http://10.5.23.121:7878/WorkflowService.asmx/UploadFile";
- NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:baseurl];
- NSMutableURLRequest *urlRequest = [NSMutableURLRequest requestWithURL:url];
- if (!urlRequest) NOTIFY_AND_LEAVE(@"Error creating the URL Request");
- [urlRequest setHTTPMethod: @"POST"];
- [urlRequest setValue:MULTIPART forHTTPHeaderField: @"Content-Type"];
- [urlRequest setHTTPBody:postData];
- // Submit & retrieve results
- NSError *error;
- NSURLResponse *response;
- NSLog(@"Contacting TwitPic....");
- NSData* result = [NSURLConnection sendSynchronousRequest:urlRequest returningResponse:&response error:&error];
- if (!result)
- {
- [self cleanup:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"Submission error: %@", [error localizedDescription]]];
- return;
- }
- // Return results
- NSString *outstring = [[[NSString alloc] initWithData:result encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding] autorelease];
- return outstring;
- }
- @end
这里我主要定义了两个方法,一个是generateFormDataFromPostDictionary用于创建post form data,一个是UpLoading供调用的类上传图片,这个类需要一个UIimage的对象。
类定义好了,上传图片就非常方便了,看下面代码:
- PicOperation *pic = [[PicOperation alloc] init];
- pic.theImage=[UIImage imageNamed:@"meinv4.jpg"];;
- NSString *result = [pic UpLoading];
- NSLog(result);
总结:这篇文章讲述了如何在iOS中结合asp.net webservice实现文件的上传和下载功能。
转自:http://justcoding.iteye.com/blog/1474177
iPhone网络开发中如何使用NSURLConnection是本文要介绍的内容,这篇文章是翻译的苹果官方文档,想要看英文原版的可以到苹果网站查看,来看详细内容。
NSURLConnection 提供了很多灵活的方法下载URL内容也提供了一个简单的接口去创建和放弃连接,同时使用很多的delegate方法去支持连接过程的反馈和控制
如何创建一个连接呢?
为了下载url的内容,程序需要提供一个delegate对象,并且至少实现下面的方法
- - (void)connection:(NSURLConnection*)connection didReceiveResponse:(NSHTTPURLResponse*)response
- - (void)connection:(NSURLConnection*)connection didReceiveData:(NSData*)data
- - (void)connection:(NSURLConnection*)connection didFailWithError:(NSError*)error
- - (void)connectionDidFinishLoading:(NSURLConnection *)connection
NSURLConnect还提供了一个方便的类方法(class method) : sendSynchronousRequest:returningResponse:error: 可用来 同步地加载一个URL请求
- + (NSData *)sendSynchronousRequest: (NSURLRequest *)request returningResponse: (NSURLResponse **)response error: (NSError **)error
1. request 要装载的URL请求. 这个request 对象 作为初始化进程的一部分,被深度复制(deep-copied). 在这个方法返回之后, 再修改request, 将不会影响用在装载的过程中的request
2. reponse 输出参数, 由服务器返回的URL响应
3. error 输出参数, 如果在处理请求的过程中发生错误,就会使用. 无错误,就为NULL
举例一
1、先创建一个NSURL
2、在通过NSURL创建NSURLRequest,可以指定缓存规则和超时时间
3、创建NSURLConnection实例,指定NSURLRequest和一个delegate对象
如果创建失败,则会返回nil,如果创建成功则创建一个NSMutalbeData的实例用来存储数据
代码:
- NSURLRequest *theRequest=[NSURLRequest requestWithURL:
- [NSURL URLWithString:@“http://www.sina.com.cn/”]
- cachePolicy:NSURLRequestUseProtocolCachePolicy
- timeoutInterval:60.0];
- NSURLConnection *theConncetion=[[NSURLConnection alloc]
- initWithRequest:theRequest delegate:self];
- if(theConnection)
- {
- //创建NSMutableData
- receivedData=[[NSMutableData data] retain];
- }else // 创建失败
- NSURLRequestUseProtocolCachePolicy //NSURLRequest默认的cache policy, 是最能保持一致性的协议。
- NSURLRequestReloadIgnoringCacheData //忽略缓存直接从原始地址下载
- NSURLRequestReturnCacheDataElseLoad //只有在cache中不存在data时才从原始地址下载
- NSURLRequestReturnCacheDataDontLoad //允许app确定是否要返回cache数据,如果使用这种协议当本地不存在response的时候,创建NSURLConnection or NSURLDownload实例时将会马上返回nil;这类似于离线模式,没有建立网络连接;
NSURLConnection还有几个初始化函数,有个初始化函数可以做到创建连接但是并不马上开始下载,而是通过start:开始
当收到initWithRequest: delegate: 消息时,下载会立即开始,在代理(delegate)收到connectionDidFinishLoading:或者 connection:didFailWithError:消息之前可以通过给连接发送一个cancel:消息来中断下载。
当服务器提供了足够客户程序创建NSURLResponse对象的信息时,代理对象会收到一个connection:didReceiveResponse:消息,在消息内可以检查NSURLResponse对象和确定数据的预期长途,mime类型,文件名以及其他服务器提供的元信息
要注意,一个简单的连接也可能会收到多个connection:didReceiveResponse:消息当服务器连接重置或者一些罕见的原因(比如多组mime文档),代理都会收到该消息这时候应该重置进度指示,丢弃之前接收的数据
- -(void)connection:(NSURLConnection *) connectiondidReceiveResponse:
- (NSURLResponse*)response
- {
- [receiveData setLength:0];
- }
当下载开始的时候,每当有数据接收,代理会定期收到connection:didReceiveData:消息代理应当在实现中储存新接收的数据,下面的例子既是如此
- -(void) connection:(NSURLConnection *) connection didReceiveData:
- (NSData *) data
- {
- [receiveData appendData:data];
- }
在上面的方法实现中,可以加入一个进度指示器,提示用户下载进度
当下载的过程中有错误发生的时候,代理会收到一个connection:didFailWithError消息,消息参数里面的NSError对象提供了具体的错误细节,它也能提供在用户信息字典里面失败的url请求(使用NSErrorFailingURLStringKey)
当代理接收到连接的connection:didFailWithError消息后,对于该连接不会在收到任何消息
举例
- -(void)connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection didFailWithError:(NSError *)error
- {
- [connection release];
- [receivedData release];
- NSLog(@"Connection failed! Error - %@ %@",
- [error localizedDescription],
- [[error userInfo] objectForKey:NSErrorFailingURLStringErrorKey]);
- }
最后,如果连接请求成功的下载,代理会接收connectionDidFinishLoading:消息代理不会收到其他的消息了,在消息的实现中,应该释放掉连接
举例:
- -(void)connectionDidFinishLoading:(NSURLConnection *)connection
- {
- //do something with the data
- NSLog(@"succeeded %d byte received",[receivedData length]);
- [connection release];
- [receivedData release];
- }
一个实现异步get请求的例子:
- NSString *url = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"http://localhost/chat/messages.php?past=%ld&t=%ld",
- lastId, time(0) ];
- NSMutableURLRequest *request = [[[NSMutableURLRequest alloc] init] autorelease];
- [request setURL:[NSURL URLWithString:url]];
- [request setHTTPMethod:@"GET"];
- NSURLConnection *conn=[[NSURLConnection alloc] initWithRequest:request delegate:self];
- if (conn)
- {
- receivedData = [[NSMutableData data] retain];
- }
- else
- {
- }
- - (void)timerCallback {
- //[timer release];
- [self getNewMessages];
- }
- - (void)connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection didReceiveResponse:(NSURLResponse *)response
- {
- [receivedData setLength:0];
- }
- - (void)connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection didReceiveData:(NSData *)data
- {
- [receivedData appendData:data];
- }
- - (void)connectionDidFinishLoading:(NSURLConnection *)connection
- {
- if (chatParser)
- [chatParser release];
- if ( messages == nil )
- messages = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];
- chatParser = [[NSXMLParser alloc] initWithData:receivedData];
- [chatParser setDelegate:self];//set the delegate
- [chatParser parse];//start parse
- [receivedData release];
- [messageList reloadData];
- NSInvocation *invocation = [NSInvocation invocationWithMethodSignature:
- [self methodSignatureForSelector: @selector(timerCallback)]];
- [invocation setTarget:self];
- [invocation setSelector:@selector(timerCallback)];
- //timer = [NSTimer scheduledTimerWithTimeInterval:5.0 invocation:invocation repeats:NO];
- [NSTimer scheduledTimerWithTimeInterval:5.0 invocation:invocation repeats:NO];//if set yes,then very 5 seconds updata the table
- }
一个实现同步Get请求的例子:
- // 初始化请求
- NSMutableURLRequest *request = [[NSMutableURLRequest alloc] init];
- // 设置URL
- [request setURL:[NSURL URLWithString:urlStr]];
- // 设置HTTP方法
- [request setHTTPMethod:@"GET"];
- // 发 送同步请求, 这里得returnData就是返回得数据了
- NSData *returnData = [NSURLConnection sendSynchronousRequest:request
- returningResponse:nil error:nil];
- // 释放对象
- [request release];
来源:
http://mobile.51cto.com/iphone-281460.htm
http://blog.csdn.net/bl1988530/article/details/6590099