References....
@list = ( 'a', 'b', 'c' );
%hash = ( 'a' => '1', 'b' => '2' );
$ref_list = \@list;
$ref_hash = \%hash;
$ref_hash = {};
# Reference to an empty hash
$ref_list = [];
# Reference to an empty list
$ref_anonymous_list = [ 'a', 'b', 'c' ];
$ref_anonymous_hash = { 'a' => '1', 'b' => '2' };
$value = $$ref_hash{ key };
%{$ref_hash};
# hash de-reference.
@list = ( 'a', 'b', 'c' );
%hash = ( 'a' => '1', 'b' => '2' );
$ref_list = \@list;
$ref_hash = \%hash;
$ref_hash = {};
$ref_list = [];
$ref_anonymous_list = [ 'a', 'b', 'c' ];
$ref_anonymous_hash = { 'a' => '1', 'b' => '2' };
$value = $$ref_hash{ key };
%{$ref_hash};