Set Up Hadoop Multi-Node Cluster on CentOS 6

The Apache Hadoop software library is a framework that allows for the distributed processing of large data sets across clusters of computers using simple programming models.

Our earlier article about hadoop was describing to how to setup single node cluster. This article will help you for step by step installing and configuring Hadoop Multi-Node Cluster on CentOS/RHEL 6.

Setup Details:

Hadoop Master: 192.168.1.15 ( hadoop-master )
Hadoop Slave : 192.168.1.16 ( hadoop-slave-1 )
Hadoop Slave : 192.168.1.17 ( hadoop-slave-2 )

Step 1. Install Java

Before installing hadoop make sure you have java installed on all your systems. If you do not have java installed use following article to install Java.

Steps to install JAVA on CentOS 5/6 or RHEL 5/6

Step 2. Create User Account

Create a system user account on both master and slave systems to use for hadoop installation

# useradd hadoop
# passwd hadoop

Changing password for user hadoop.
New password:
Retype new password:
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.

Step 3: Add FQDN Mapping

Edit /etc/hosts file on all master and slave servers and add following entries.

# vim /etc/hosts

192.168.1.15 hadoop-master
192.168.1.16 hadoop-slave-1
192.168.1.17 hadoop-slave-2

Step 4. Configuring Key Based Login

Its required to set up hadoop user to ssh itself without password. Use following commands to confiure auto login between all hadoop cluster servers..

# su - hadoop
$ ssh-keygen -t rsa
$ ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub hadoop@hadoop-master
$ ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub hadoop@hadoop-slave-1
$ ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub hadoop@hadoop-slave-2
$ chmod 0600 ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
$ exit

Step 5. Download and Extract Hadoop Source

Download hadoop latest available version from its official site at hadoop-master server only.

# mkdir /opt/hadoop
# cd /opt/hadoop/
# wget http://apache.mesi.com.ar/hadoop/common/hadoop-1.2.0/hadoop-1.2.0.tar.gz
# tar -xzf hadoop-1.2.0.tar.gz
# mv hadoop-1.2.0 hadoop
# chown -R hadoop /opt/hadoop
# cd /opt/hadoop/hadoop/

Step 6: Configure Hadoop

First edit hadoop configuration files and make following changes.
6.1 Edit core-site.xml

# vim conf/core-site.xml

#Add the following inside the configuration tag
<property>
    <name>fs.default.name</name>
    <value>hdfs://hadoop-master:9000/</value>
</property>
<property>
    <name>dfs.permissions</name>
    <value>false</value>
</property>

6.2 Edit hdfs-site.xml

# vim conf/hdfs-site.xml

# Add the following inside the configuration tag
<property>
	<name>dfs.data.dir</name>
	<value>/opt/hadoop/hadoop/dfs/name/data</value>
	<final>true</final>
</property>
<property>
	<name>dfs.name.dir</name>
	<value>/opt/hadoop/hadoop/dfs/name</value>
	<final>true</final>
</property>
<property>
	<name>dfs.replication</name>
	<value>1</value>
</property>

6.3 Edit mapred-site.xml

# vim conf/mapred-site.xml

# Add the following inside the configuration tag
<property>
        <name>mapred.job.tracker</name>
	<value>hadoop-master:9001</value>
</property>

6.4 Edit hadoop-env.sh

# vim conf/hadoop-env.sh

export JAVA_HOME=/opt/jdk1.7.0_17
export HADOOP_OPTS=-Djava.net.preferIPv4Stack=true
export HADOOP_CONF_DIR=/opt/hadoop/hadoop/conf

Set JAVA_HOME path as per your system configuration for java.

Step 7: Copy Hadoop Source to Slave Servers

After updating above configuration, we need to copy the source files to all slaves servers.

# su - hadoop
$ cd /opt/hadoop
$ scp -r hadoop hadoop-slave-1:/opt/hadoop
$ scp -r hadoop hadoop-slave-2:/opt/hadoop

Step 8: Configure Hadoop on Master Server Only

Go to hadoop source folder on hadoop-master and do following settings.

# su - hadoop
$ cd /opt/hadoop/hadoop

$ vim conf/masters

hadoop-master

$ vim conf/slaves

hadoop-slave-1
hadoop-slave-2

Format Name Node on Hadoop Master only

# su - hadoop
$ cd /opt/hadoop/hadoop
$ bin/hadoop namenode -format

13/07/13 10:58:07 INFO namenode.NameNode: STARTUP_MSG:
/************************************************************
STARTUP_MSG: Starting NameNode
STARTUP_MSG:   host = hadoop-master/192.168.1.15
STARTUP_MSG:   args = [-format]
STARTUP_MSG:   version = 1.2.0
STARTUP_MSG:   build = https://svn.apache.org/repos/asf/hadoop/common/branches/branch-1.2 -r 1479473; compiled by 'hortonfo' on Mon May  6 06:59:37 UTC 2013
STARTUP_MSG:   java = 1.7.0_25
************************************************************/
13/07/13 10:58:08 INFO util.GSet: Computing capacity for map BlocksMap
13/07/13 10:58:08 INFO util.GSet: VM type       = 32-bit
13/07/13 10:58:08 INFO util.GSet: 2.0% max memory = 1013645312
13/07/13 10:58:08 INFO util.GSet: capacity      = 2^22 = 4194304 entries
13/07/13 10:58:08 INFO util.GSet: recommended=4194304, actual=4194304
13/07/13 10:58:08 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: fsOwner=hadoop
13/07/13 10:58:08 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: supergroup=supergroup
13/07/13 10:58:08 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: isPermissionEnabled=true
13/07/13 10:58:08 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: dfs.block.invalidate.limit=100
13/07/13 10:58:08 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: isAccessTokenEnabled=false accessKeyUpdateInterval=0 min(s), accessTokenLifetime=0 min(s)
13/07/13 10:58:08 INFO namenode.FSEditLog: dfs.namenode.edits.toleration.length = 0
13/07/13 10:58:08 INFO namenode.NameNode: Caching file names occuring more than 10 times
13/07/13 10:58:08 INFO common.Storage: Image file of size 112 saved in 0 seconds.
13/07/13 10:58:08 INFO namenode.FSEditLog: closing edit log: position=4, editlog=/opt/hadoop/hadoop/dfs/name/current/edits
13/07/13 10:58:08 INFO namenode.FSEditLog: close success: truncate to 4, editlog=/opt/hadoop/hadoop/dfs/name/current/edits
13/07/13 10:58:08 INFO common.Storage: Storage directory /opt/hadoop/hadoop/dfs/name has been successfully formatted.
13/07/13 10:58:08 INFO namenode.NameNode: SHUTDOWN_MSG:
/************************************************************
SHUTDOWN_MSG: Shutting down NameNode at hadoop-master/192.168.1.15
************************************************************/

Step 9: Start Hadoop Services

Use the following command to start all hadoop services on Hadoop-Master

$ bin/start-all.sh

Reference:  http://tecadmin.net/set-up-hadoop-multi-node-cluster-on-centos-6/#