基于数组的堆栈实现

定义函数接口头文件“sa.h”

#ifndef _SA_H
#define _SA_H
#include <sys/types.h>
/* 堆栈 */
typedef struct Stack {
    int*   arr; /* 数组 */
    size_t cap; /* 容量 */
    size_t top; /* 栈顶 */
}   STACK;
/* 分配内存并初始化为空堆栈 */
void stack_init (STACK* stack, size_t cap);
/* 释放内存并恢复到初始状态 */
void stack_deinit (STACK* stack);
/* 判断是否满 */
int stack_full (STACK* stack);
/* 判断是否空 */
int stack_empty (STACK* stack);
/* 压入 */
void stack_push (STACK* stack, int data);
/* 弹出 */
int stack_pop (STACK* stack);
/* 栈顶 */
int stack_top (STACK* stack);
/* 数量 */
size_t stack_size (STACK* stack);
#endif /* _SA_H */

函数功能实现“sa.c”

/* 基于数组的堆栈 */
#include <stdlib.h>
#include "sa.h"
/* 分配内存并初始化为空堆栈 */
void stack_init (STACK* stack, size_t cap) {
    stack->arr = malloc (cap * sizeof (int));
    stack->cap = cap;
    stack->top = 0;
}
/* 释放内存并恢复到初始状态 */
void stack_deinit (STACK* stack) {
    free (stack->arr);
    stack->arr = NULL;
    stack->cap = 0;
    stack->top = 0;
}
/* 判断是否满 */
int stack_full (STACK* stack) {
    return stack->top >= stack->cap;
}
/* 判断是否空 */
int stack_empty (STACK* stack) {
    return ! stack->top;
}
/* 压入 */
void stack_push (STACK* stack, int data) {
    stack->arr[stack->top++] = data;
}
/* 弹出 */
int stack_pop (STACK* stack) {
    return stack->arr[--stack->top];
}
/* 栈顶 */
int stack_top (STACK* stack) {
    return stack->arr[stack->top - 1];
}
/* 数量 */
size_t stack_size (STACK* stack) {
    return stack->top;
}

测试用例“sa_test.c”

/* 基于数组的堆栈 */
#include <stdio.h>
#include "sa.h"
/* 测试用例 */
int main (void) {
    STACK stack;
    stack_init (&stack, 10);
    int i = 0;
    while (! stack_full (&stack))
        stack_push (&stack, i++);
    while (! stack_empty (&stack))
        printf ("%d\n", stack_pop (&stack));
    stack_deinit (&stack);
    stack_init (&stack, 5);
    stack_push (&stack, (int)"ABC");
    stack_push (&stack, (int)"DEF");
    stack_push (&stack, (int)"GHI");
    stack_push (&stack, (int)"JKL");
    stack_push (&stack, (int)"MNO");
    while (! stack_empty (&stack))
        printf ("%s\n", (char const*)stack_pop (&stack));
    stack_deinit (&stack);
    return 0;
}