java 删除list中符合条件的对象（几种方法，避免入坑）

一、首先list遍历方法有那么几种：使用for循环、iterator、还有就是lambda表达式循环

1、首先创建一个测试类

class User2{
        Integer id;
        String name;

        public User2(Integer id, String name) {
            this.id = id;
            this.name = name;
        }

        public Integer getId() {
            return id;
        }

        public void setId(Integer id) {
            this.id = id;
        }

        public String getName() {
            return name;
        }

        public void setName(String name) {
            this.name = name;
        }

        @Override
        public String toString() {
            return "User2{" +
                    "id=" + id +
                    ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                    '}';
        }
    }

2、第一种遍历循环：fori循环

 @Test
    public void forTest(){
       List<User2> list = new ArrayList<>();
        list.add(new User2(1,"张三1"));
        list.add(new User2(2,"张三2"));
        list.add(new User2(3,"张三3"));
        list.add(new User2(5,"张三4"));
        list.add(new User2(5,"张三5"));
        list.add(new User2(6,"张三6"));
        list.add(new User2(7,"张三7"));
        for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) {
            User2 user = list.get(i);
            if(list.get(i).getId() == 5){
                list.remove(user);
            }
        }
        System.out.println(list);
    }

执行结果为：

[User2{id=1, name='张三1'}, User2{id=2, name='张三2'}, User2{id=3, name='张三3'}, User2{id=5, name='张三5'}, User2{id=6, name='张三6'}, User2{id=7, name='张三7'}]

很明显，并没有达到我们预期的效果，因为下标是固定死的自增，但list的大小在随着删除元素不停的减小，并且后面的元素往前移了1位,所以后面的元素遍历不到。阿里巴巴编码规范中也有说明

3、第二种：foreach循环

@Test
    public void forTest(){
        List<User2> list = new ArrayList<>();
        list.add(new User2(1,"张三1"));
        list.add(new User2(2,"张三2"));
        list.add(new User2(3,"张三3"));
        list.add(new User2(5,"张三4"));
        list.add(new User2(5,"张三5"));
        list.add(new User2(6,"张三6"));
        list.add(new User2(7,"张三7"));
        for (User2 user : list) {
            if(user.getId() == 5){
                list.remove(user);
            }
        }
         System.out.println(list);
    }

报出异常：java.util.ConcurrentModificationException，关于这个异常的原因，看了很多文章，基本上解释如下：ArrayList的父类AbstarctList中有一个域modCount，每次对集合进行修改(增添、删除元素)时modCount都会+1。

4、使用lambda表达式，这种方法是可以使用的，但是使用lambda先循环在从中删除的方式是不可行的，原因和foreach方法一样

 @Test
    public void forTest(){
        List<User2> list = new ArrayList<>();
        list.add(new User2(1,"张三1"));
        list.add(new User2(2,"张三2"));
        list.add(new User2(3,"张三3"));
        list.add(new User2(5,"张三4"));
        list.add(new User2(5,"张三5"));
        list.add(new User2(6,"张三6"));
        list.add(new User2(7,"张三7"));
        //可行
        list.removeIf(user -> user.getId() == 5);
        //不可行
        list.forEach(user2 -> {
            if(user2.getId() == 5){
                list.remove(user2);
            }
        });
        System.out.println(list);
    }

5、使用迭代器删除也是可以的

 @Test
    public void forTest(){
        List<User2> list = new ArrayList<>();
        list.add(new User2(1,"张三1"));
        list.add(new User2(2,"张三2"));
        list.add(new User2(3,"张三3"));
        list.add(new User2(5,"张三4"));
        list.add(new User2(5,"张三5"));
        list.add(new User2(6,"张三6"));
        list.add(new User2(7,"张三7"));
        Iterator iterator = list.iterator();
        while (iterator.hasNext()){
            User2 user2 = (User2) iterator.next();
            if(user2.getId() == 5){
                iterator.remove();
            }
        }
        System.out.println(list);
    }

执行结果：

[User2{id=1, name='张三1'}, User2{id=2, name='张三2'}, User2{id=3, name='张三3'}, User2{id=5, name='张三5'}, User2{id=6, name='张三6'}, User2{id=7, name='张三7'}]