spring事务管理总结

Spring配置文件中关于事务配置总是由三个组成部分，分别是DataSource、TransactionManager和代理机制这三部分，无论哪种配置方式，一般变化的只是代理机制这部分。

    DataSource、TransactionManager这两部分只是会根据数据访问方式有所变化，比如使用Hibernate进行数据访问时，DataSource实际为SessionFactory，TransactionManager的实现为HibernateTransactionManager。

具体如下图：

  根据代理机制的不同，总结了五种Spring事务的配置方式，配置文件如下：

    第一种方式：每个Bean都有一个代理

Xml代码  

1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
2. <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  
3.     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
4.     xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"  
5.     xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"  
6.     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans   
7.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd  
8.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context  
9.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd  
10.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">  
11.   
12.     <bean id="sessionFactory"    
13.             class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">    
14.         <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />    
15.         <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />  
16.     </bean>    
17.   
18.     <!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） -->    
19.     <bean id="transactionManager"  
20.         class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">  
21.         <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />  
22.     </bean>  
23.       
24.     <!-- 配置DAO -->  
25.     <bean id="userDaoTarget" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">  
26.         <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />  
27.     </bean>  
28.       
29.     <bean id="userDao"    
30.         class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean">    
31.            <!-- 配置事务管理器 -->    
32.            <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />       
33.         <property name="target" ref="userDaoTarget" />    
34.          <property name="proxyInterfaces" value="com.bluesky.spring.dao.GeneratorDao" />  
35.         <!-- 配置事务属性 -->    
36.         <property name="transactionAttributes">    
37.             <props>    
38.                 <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>  
39.             </props>    
40.         </property>    
41.     </bean>    
42. </beans>  

 第二种方式：所有Bean共享一个代理基类

Xml代码  

1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
2. <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  
3.     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
4.     xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"  
5.     xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"  
6.     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans   
7.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd  
8.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context  
9.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd  
10.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">  
11.   
12.     <bean id="sessionFactory"    
13.             class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">    
14.         <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />    
15.         <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />  
16.     </bean>    
17.   
18.     <!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） -->    
19.     <bean id="transactionManager"  
20.         class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">  
21.         <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />  
22.     </bean>  
23.       
24.     <bean id="transactionBase"    
25.             class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean"    
26.             lazy-init="true" abstract="true">    
27.         <!-- 配置事务管理器 -->    
28.         <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />    
29.         <!-- 配置事务属性 -->    
30.         <property name="transactionAttributes">    
31.             <props>    
32.                 <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>    
33.             </props>    
34.         </property>    
35.     </bean>      
36.      
37.     <!-- 配置DAO -->  
38.     <bean id="userDaoTarget" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">  
39.         <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />  
40.     </bean>  
41.       
42.     <bean id="userDao" parent="transactionBase" >    
43.         <property name="target" ref="userDaoTarget" />     
44.     </bean>  
45. </beans>  

 

第三种方式：使用拦截器

Xml代码  

1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
2. <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  
3.     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
4.     xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"  
5.     xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"  
6.     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans   
7.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd  
8.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context  
9.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd  
10.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">  
11.   
12.     <bean id="sessionFactory"    
13.             class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">    
14.         <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />    
15.         <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />  
16.     </bean>    
17.   
18.     <!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） -->    
19.     <bean id="transactionManager"  
20.         class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">  
21.         <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />  
22.     </bean>   
23.      
24.     <bean id="transactionInterceptor"    
25.         class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor">    
26.         <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />    
27.         <!-- 配置事务属性 -->    
28.         <property name="transactionAttributes">    
29.             <props>    
30.                 <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>    
31.             </props>    
32.         </property>    
33.     </bean>  
34.         
35.     <bean class="org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.BeanNameAutoProxyCreator">    
36.         <property name="beanNames">    
37.             <list>    
38.                 <value>*Dao</value>  
39.             </list>    
40.         </property>    
41.         <property name="interceptorNames">    
42.             <list>    
43.                 <value>transactionInterceptor</value>    
44.             </list>    
45.         </property>    
46.     </bean>    
47.     
48.     <!-- 配置DAO -->  
49.     <bean id="userDao" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">  
50.         <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />  
51.     </bean>  
52. </beans>  

 

第四种方式：使用tx标签配置的拦截器

Xml代码  

1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
2. <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  
3.     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
4.     xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"  
5.     xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"  
6.     xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"  
7.     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans   
8.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd  
9.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context  
10.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd  
11.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd  
12.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">  
13.   
14.     <context:annotation-config />  
15.     <context:component-scan base-package="com.bluesky" />  
16.   
17.     <bean id="sessionFactory"    
18.             class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">    
19.         <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />    
20.         <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />  
21.     </bean>    
22.   
23.     <!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） -->    
24.     <bean id="transactionManager"  
25.         class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">  
26.         <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />  
27.     </bean>  
28.   
29.     <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">  
30.         <tx:attributes>  
31.             <tx:method name="*" propagation="REQUIRED" />  
32.         </tx:attributes>  
33.     </tx:advice>  
34.       
35.     <aop:config>  
36.         <aop:pointcut id="interceptorPointCuts"  
37.             expression="execution(* com.bluesky.spring.dao.*.*(..))" />  
38.         <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice"  
39.             pointcut-ref="interceptorPointCuts" />          
40.     </aop:config>        
41. </beans>  

 

第五种方式：全注解

Xml代码  

1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
2. <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  
3.     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
4.     xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"  
5.     xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"  
6.     xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"  
7.     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans   
8.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd  
9.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context  
10.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd  
11.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd  
12.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">  
13.   
14.     <context:annotation-config />  
15.     <context:component-scan base-package="com.bluesky" />  
16.   
17.     <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>  
18.   
19.     <bean id="sessionFactory"    
20.             class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">    
21.         <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />    
22.         <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />  
23.     </bean>    
24.   
25.     <!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） -->    
26.     <bean id="transactionManager"  
27.         class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">  
28.         <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />  
29.     </bean>  
30.       
31. </beans>  

 

此时在DAO上需加上@Transactional注解，如下

Java代码  

1. package com.bluesky.spring.dao;  
2.   
3. import java.util.List;  
4.   
5. import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;  
6. import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;  
7. import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport;  
8. import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;  
9.   
10. import com.bluesky.spring.domain.User;  
11.   
12. @Transactional  
13. @Component("userDao")  
14. public class UserDaoImpl extends HibernateDaoSupport implements UserDao {  
15.   
16.     public List<User> listUsers() {  
17.         return this.getSession().createQuery("from User").list();  
18.     }  
19.       
20.       
21. }