CountDownLatch如其所写,是一个倒计数的锁存器,当计数减至0时触发特定的事件。利用这种特性,可以让主线程等待子线程的结束。下面以一个模拟运动员比赛的例子加以说明。
1
import
java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
2 import java.util.concurrent.Executor;
3 import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
4 import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
5
6 public class CountDownLatchDemo {
7 private static final int PLAYER_AMOUNT = 5 ;
8 public CountDownLatchDemo() {
9 // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
10 }
11 /**
12 * @param args
13 */
14 public static void main(String[] args) {
15 // TODO Auto-generated method stub
16 // 对于每位运动员,CountDownLatch减1后即结束比赛
17 CountDownLatch begin = new CountDownLatch( 1 );
18 // 对于整个比赛,所有运动员结束后才算结束
19 CountDownLatch end = new CountDownLatch(PLAYER_AMOUNT);
20 Player[] plays = new Player[PLAYER_AMOUNT];
21
22 for ( int i = 0 ;i < PLAYER_AMOUNT;i ++ )
23 plays[i] = new Player(i + 1 ,begin,end);
24
25 // 设置特定的线程池,大小为5
26 ExecutorService exe = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(PLAYER_AMOUNT);
27 for (Player p:plays)
28 exe.execute(p); // 分配线程
29 System.out.println( " Race begins! " );
30 begin.countDown();
31 try {
32 end.await(); // 等待end状态变为0,即为比赛结束
33 } catch (InterruptedException e) {
34 // TODO: handle exception
35 e.printStackTrace();
36 } finally {
37 System.out.println( " Race ends! " );
38 }
39 exe.shutdown();
40 }
41 }
2 import java.util.concurrent.Executor;
3 import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
4 import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
5
6 public class CountDownLatchDemo {
7 private static final int PLAYER_AMOUNT = 5 ;
8 public CountDownLatchDemo() {
9 // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
10 }
11 /**
12 * @param args
13 */
14 public static void main(String[] args) {
15 // TODO Auto-generated method stub
16 // 对于每位运动员,CountDownLatch减1后即结束比赛
17 CountDownLatch begin = new CountDownLatch( 1 );
18 // 对于整个比赛,所有运动员结束后才算结束
19 CountDownLatch end = new CountDownLatch(PLAYER_AMOUNT);
20 Player[] plays = new Player[PLAYER_AMOUNT];
21
22 for ( int i = 0 ;i < PLAYER_AMOUNT;i ++ )
23 plays[i] = new Player(i + 1 ,begin,end);
24
25 // 设置特定的线程池,大小为5
26 ExecutorService exe = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(PLAYER_AMOUNT);
27 for (Player p:plays)
28 exe.execute(p); // 分配线程
29 System.out.println( " Race begins! " );
30 begin.countDown();
31 try {
32 end.await(); // 等待end状态变为0,即为比赛结束
33 } catch (InterruptedException e) {
34 // TODO: handle exception
35 e.printStackTrace();
36 } finally {
37 System.out.println( " Race ends! " );
38 }
39 exe.shutdown();
40 }
41 }
接下来是Player类
1
import
java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
2
3
4 public class Player implements Runnable {
5
6 private int id;
7 private CountDownLatch begin;
8 private CountDownLatch end;
9 public Player( int i, CountDownLatch begin, CountDownLatch end) {
10 // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
11 super ();
12 this .id = i;
13 this .begin = begin;
14 this .end = end;
15 }
16
17 @Override
18 public void run() {
19 // TODO Auto-generated method stub
20 try {
21 begin.await(); // 等待begin的状态为0
22 Thread.sleep(( long )(Math.random() * 100 )); // 随机分配时间,即运动员完成时间
23 System.out.println( " Play " + id + " arrived. " );
24 } catch (InterruptedException e) {
25 // TODO: handle exception
26 e.printStackTrace();
27 } finally {
28 end.countDown(); // 使end状态减1,最终减至0
29 }
30 }
31 }
2
3
4 public class Player implements Runnable {
5
6 private int id;
7 private CountDownLatch begin;
8 private CountDownLatch end;
9 public Player( int i, CountDownLatch begin, CountDownLatch end) {
10 // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
11 super ();
12 this .id = i;
13 this .begin = begin;
14 this .end = end;
15 }
16
17 @Override
18 public void run() {
19 // TODO Auto-generated method stub
20 try {
21 begin.await(); // 等待begin的状态为0
22 Thread.sleep(( long )(Math.random() * 100 )); // 随机分配时间,即运动员完成时间
23 System.out.println( " Play " + id + " arrived. " );
24 } catch (InterruptedException e) {
25 // TODO: handle exception
26 e.printStackTrace();
27 } finally {
28 end.countDown(); // 使end状态减1,最终减至0
29 }
30 }
31 }