Python DAO层数据库基类封装

Rotion_深

已于 2024-06-19 08:56:07 修改

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分类专栏：代码分享文章标签：数据库 Python DAO

于 2024-04-24 15:39:06 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/rotion135/article/details/138160520

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刚开始用Python做Api后端，记录下学习过程

从数据库操作开始，定义实体，定义DAO层基类，及DAO业务类的使用

写的不好，有好的设计建议欢迎大家提出，一起学习进步

1.BaseEntity

这部分是实体的基类，比较简单，就一个使用类名作为表名的方法


from sqlalchemy import Column, Integer, DateTime, modifier
from sqlalchemy.orm import InstrumentedAttribute, properties
from sqlalchemy.sql import func
from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import as_declarative, declared_attr



@as_declarative()
class BaseEntity:

    @declared_attr
    def __tablename__(cls) -> str:
        # 如果没有指定__tablename__  则默认使用model类名转换表名字
        return cls.__name__

2.t_user

用户数据表，实体定义，数据库操作的数据依据

这部分我也写了一个自动生成Entity的小应用程序，欢迎大家下载使用

https://download.csdn.net/download/rotion135/85124222

from sqlalchemy import Column, Integer, String,Boolean,DateTime,Double,Float
from Modules.db.BaseEntity import BaseEntity

#t_user
class t_user(BaseEntity):
    ID = Column(String(32), primary_key=True,nullable=False, comment="表ID")
    UserCode = Column(String(32), primary_key=False,nullable=False, comment="用户编码")
    UserName = Column(String(128), primary_key=False,nullable=False, comment="用户名称")
    LoginName = Column(String(128), primary_key=False,nullable=False, comment="登录名")
    Password = Column(String(255), primary_key=False,nullable=False, comment="登录密码")
    UserStatus = Column(Integer, primary_key=False,nullable=True, comment="用户状态  默认0:正常，1:禁用 可字典项配置")
    IsDelete = Column(Integer, primary_key=False,nullable=True, comment="删除为1，未删除为0，默认0")
    Nick = Column(String(128), primary_key=False,nullable=True, comment="昵称")
    Title = Column(String(128), primary_key=False,nullable=True, comment="职称")
    Sex = Column(Integer, primary_key=False,nullable=True, comment="性别 0:男;1:女")
    Birthday = Column(String(32), primary_key=False,nullable=True, comment="生日")
    IdentityCard = Column(String(128), primary_key=False,nullable=True, comment="身份证号码")
    Mobile = Column(String(32), primary_key=False,nullable=True, comment="手机号")
    Telephone = Column(String(32), primary_key=False,nullable=True, comment="电话号码")
    QQ = Column(String(32), primary_key=False,nullable=True, comment="QQ号")
    Email = Column(String(128), primary_key=False,nullable=True, comment="邮箱")
    Signature = Column(String(255), primary_key=False,nullable=True, comment="个性签名")
    IsAdmin = Column(Integer, primary_key=False,nullable=True, comment="是否管理员  0-非管理员 1-管理员")
    CreateTime = Column(DateTime, primary_key=False,nullable=True, comment="创建时间")
    CreateUserCode = Column(String(32), primary_key=False,nullable=True, comment="创建人的用户编码")
    ModifyTime = Column(DateTime, primary_key=False,nullable=True, comment="修改时间")
    ModifyUserCode = Column(String(32), primary_key=False,nullable=True, comment="修改人的用户编码，只保存最后一次修改人")
    Remark = Column(String, primary_key=False,nullable=True, comment="备注")
    Token = Column(String(32), primary_key=False,nullable=True, comment="访问令牌")
    TokenExTime = Column(DateTime, primary_key=False,nullable=True, comment="访问令牌过期时间")
    RefreshToken = Column(String(32), primary_key=False,nullable=True, comment="刷新令牌")
    RefreshExTime = Column(DateTime, primary_key=False,nullable=True, comment="刷新令牌过期时间")

3.DAOBase

接下来就是设计DAO层的基类

数据链接我用了Config.py作为配置文件，在下面一个代码块里边

from sqlalchemy import create_engine, Column, Integer, String,Engine
from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker,Session
from Modules.SysFrame import Config


class DAOBase():
    def __init__(self,db:Session=None):
        if(db==None):
            self.__InitEngine()
        else :
            self.session=db
        
        

    engine:Engine
    session:Session


    def __InitEngine(self):
        # 创建一个引擎来连接到 MySQL 数据库
        self.engine = create_engine(Config.MySQLConnection)
        # 创建一个会话类
        sm = sessionmaker(autocommit=False, autoflush=False, bind=self.engine)
        self.session = sm()




cors_allowOrigins="*"
#后台自定义的请求头参数
cors_allowHeaders="Origin,Accept,Accept-Language,Authorization,Content-Type,UserCode,Timestamp,Nonce,Signature"
#请求后台允许的方式
cors_allowMethods="GET, POST, PUT, DELETE, OPTIONS"
#登录限制时间，时间内登录次数超过设置值，则锁定
LoginLimitMinutes=60
#登录限制时间内的登陆错误次数限制
LoginLimitCount=5


#MySQL数据库连接字符串
# 格式为：'数据库类型+数据库驱动名称://用户名:密码@主机地址:端口号/数据库名称'
MySQLConnection="mysql+mysqlconnector://root:123qwe@127.0.0.1:3306/platform"

4.UserDAO

最后，展示用户操作类的视线

BaseResult 是我自己定义的一个结果类，也放在下面代码块了



from datetime import datetime
from sqlalchemy import func,text
from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker
from Modules.Models.BaseResult import BaseResult
from Modules.db.DAOBase import DAOBase
from Modules.db.Entity.t_user import t_user

class UserDAO(DAOBase):
    def __init__(self, db: sessionmaker = None):
        super().__init__(db)

    # 根据用户编码获取用户数据        
    def GetUserByUserCode(self,userCode:str)->t_user:
        sql =  self.session.query(t_user).filter(t_user.UserCode==userCode).first()
        return sql;
        

    # 根据登录名获取用户数据
    def  GetUserByLogin(self,loginName:str)->t_user:
        sql = self.session.query(t_user).filter(t_user.LoginName==loginName).first()
        return sql;


    # 新增前检测 true-正常，可新增 false-已存在相同数据
    def  CheckBeforeInsert(self,userCode:str)->BaseResult:
        row_count = self.session.query(func.count(t_user.ID)).filter(t_user.UserCode==userCode).scalar()
        if(row_count <= 0):
            return BaseResult.Success
        else:
            return BaseResult.Failure

    # 新增用户
    def Insert(self,entity:t_user)->BaseResult:
        self.session.add(entity)
        self.session.commit()
        return BaseResult.Success

    # 更新用户
    def Update(self,entity:t_user,userCode:str)->BaseResult:
        user = self.session.query(t_user).filter(t_user.UserCode == entity.UserCode).first()
        user.UserName = entity.UserName;
        user.Birthday = entity.Birthday;
        user.IdentityCard = entity.IdentityCard;
        user.Email = entity.Email;
        user.Mobile = entity.Mobile;
        user.Nick = entity.Nick;
        user.QQ = entity.QQ;
        user.Sex = entity.Sex;
        user.Signature = entity.Signature;
        user.Telephone = entity.Telephone;
        user.Title = entity.Title;
        user.ModifyTime = datetime.now();
        user.ModifyUserCode = userCode;
        self.session.commit()
        return BaseResult.Success


    # 判断用户是否有此权限
    def JudgeUserPermit(self,type:str, method:str, userCode:str)->BaseResult:
        sql = text(f"select COUNT(1) FROM t_permission  WHERE ResType='{type}' and ResMethod='{method}'  and PermitCode in (SELECT PermitCode FROM t_rolepermission WHERE RoleCode in (SELECT RoleCode FROM t_userrole WHERE UserCode='{userCode}'))");
        result = self.session.execute(sql)
        count = result.fetchone()[0]
        if(count > 0):
            return BaseResult.Success
        else:
            return BaseResult.Failure


class BaseResult():
    def __init__(self,isSucessed:bool,message:str,mark=0,tag=None,total=0):
        self.IsSucessed=isSucessed
        self.Message=message
        self.Mark=mark
        self.Tag=tag
        self.Total=total



    IsSucessed:bool
    Message:str
    Mark:int
    Tag:any
    Total:int

    @staticmethod
    def Success():
        res=BaseResult(True,"Success")
        return res
    
    @staticmethod
    def Failure():
        res=BaseResult(True,"Failure")
        return res