Matrix
Time Limit: 3000MS | Memory Limit: 65536K | |
Total Submissions: 18581 | Accepted: 7001 |
Description
Given an N*N matrix A, whose elements are either 0 or 1. A[i, j] means the number in the i-th row and j-th column. Initially we have A[i, j] = 0 (1 <= i, j <= N).
We can change the matrix in the following way. Given a rectangle whose upper-left corner is (x1, y1) and lower-right corner is (x2, y2), we change all the elements in the rectangle by using "not" operation (if it is a '0' then change it into '1' otherwise change it into '0'). To maintain the information of the matrix, you are asked to write a program to receive and execute two kinds of instructions.
1. C x1 y1 x2 y2 (1 <= x1 <= x2 <= n, 1 <= y1 <= y2 <= n) changes the matrix by using the rectangle whose upper-left corner is (x1, y1) and lower-right corner is (x2, y2).
2. Q x y (1 <= x, y <= n) querys A[x, y].
We can change the matrix in the following way. Given a rectangle whose upper-left corner is (x1, y1) and lower-right corner is (x2, y2), we change all the elements in the rectangle by using "not" operation (if it is a '0' then change it into '1' otherwise change it into '0'). To maintain the information of the matrix, you are asked to write a program to receive and execute two kinds of instructions.
1. C x1 y1 x2 y2 (1 <= x1 <= x2 <= n, 1 <= y1 <= y2 <= n) changes the matrix by using the rectangle whose upper-left corner is (x1, y1) and lower-right corner is (x2, y2).
2. Q x y (1 <= x, y <= n) querys A[x, y].
Input
The first line of the input is an integer X (X <= 10) representing the number of test cases. The following X blocks each represents a test case.
The first line of each block contains two numbers N and T (2 <= N <= 1000, 1 <= T <= 50000) representing the size of the matrix and the number of the instructions. The following T lines each represents an instruction having the format "Q x y" or "C x1 y1 x2 y2", which has been described above.
The first line of each block contains two numbers N and T (2 <= N <= 1000, 1 <= T <= 50000) representing the size of the matrix and the number of the instructions. The following T lines each represents an instruction having the format "Q x y" or "C x1 y1 x2 y2", which has been described above.
Output
For each querying output one line, which has an integer representing A[x, y].
There is a blank line between every two continuous test cases.
There is a blank line between every two continuous test cases.
Sample Input
1 2 10 C 2 1 2 2 Q 2 2 C 2 1 2 1 Q 1 1 C 1 1 2 1 C 1 2 1 2 C 1 1 2 2 Q 1 1 C 1 1 2 1 Q 2 1
Sample Output
1 0 0 1
Source
POJ Monthly,Lou Tiancheng
当年楼教主出的题目,当时在NOIP时代流行的一句话是虽然我不会这道题,但是我能AC它。这道题就是典型的这种题。此题乍看之下区间修改加询问,可以用二维线段树做,不过我不会建议你这么试的,因为实在是太烦了,而且这题还卡空间,你还不一定能过。仔细一看会发现它是单点询问,而不是区间询问,是楼教主出题出简单了呢,还是另有隐情。答案是后者,这题用到了树状数组神奇的性质,本来树状数组是用来区间查询,单点修改,这题刚好倒了一下,即用二维树状数组区间查询的方法来修改区间,而用单点修改的方法来单点查询,真的是神奇,我说不上为什么这么做可以,但是却可以AC这道题。
代码:
#include<iostream>
#include<cstdio>
#include<cstdlib>
#include<ctime>
#include<string>
#include<cstring>
#include<algorithm>
#include<fstream>
#include<queue>
#include<stack>
#include<vector>
#include<cmath>
#include<iomanip>
#define rep(i,n) for(i=1;i<=n;i++)
#define MM(a,t) memset(a,t,sizeof(a))
#define lowbit(x) x&(-x)
#define fan(a) 1-a
#define INF 1e9
typedef long long ll;
#define mod 1000000007
using namespace std;
int n,m;
int bita[1020][1020];
void update(int x,int y){
int i,j;
for(i=x;i>0;i-=lowbit(i))
for(j=y;j>0;j-=lowbit(j))
bita[i][j]=fan(bita[i][j]);
}
int query(int x,int y){
int i,j,res=0;
for(i=x;i<=n;i+=lowbit(i))
for(j=y;j<=n;j+=lowbit(j)){
if(bita[i][j]) res=fan(res);
}
return res;
}
int main()
{
int i,j,T;
scanf("%d",&T);
while(T--){
scanf("%d%d",&n,&m);
MM(bita,0);
rep(i,m){
char op[10];
scanf("%s",op);
if(op[0]=='C'){
int x1,y1,x2,y2;
scanf("%d%d%d%d",&x1,&y1,&x2,&y2);
update(x1-1,y1-1); update(x2,y2);
update(x1-1,y2); update(x2,y1-1);
}
else{
int x,y;
scanf("%d%d",&x,&y);
printf("%d\n",query(x,y));
}
}
if(T!=0) cout<<'\n';
}
return 0;
}