第4章 选择结构程序设计
例1:输入一个字符,判断它如果是小写字母输出其对应大写字母;如果是大写字母输出其对应小写字母;如果是数字输出数字本身;如果是空格,输出“space”;如果不是上述情况,输出“other”。
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
char word;
scanf("%c",&word);
if(word>=65&&word<97)
{
printf("小写为:%c\n",word+32);
}
else if(word>=97&&word<123)
{
printf("大写为:%c\n",word-32);
}
else if(word==32)
{
printf("space\n");
}
else
{
printf("other\n");
}
return 0;
}
运行结果:
例2:有三个数a、b、c,由键盘输入,要求按由小到大的顺序输出
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
float a,b,c,t;
printf("请输入三个数:");
scanf("%f,%f,%f",&a,&b,&c);
if(a>b)
{
t=a;
a=b;
b=t;
}
if(a>c)
{
t=a;
a=c;
c=t;
}
if(b>c)
{
t=b;
b=c;
c=t;
}
printf("%5.2f,%5.2f,%5.2f",a,b,c);
return 0;
}
运行结果:
![在这里插入图片描述](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190212140859498.png)
**例3:输入一个数,判断它能否被3或者被5整除, 如至少能被这两个数中的一个整除则将此数打印出来,否则不打印,编出程序。**
```c
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int a;
printf("请输入:");
scanf("%d",&a);
if(a%3==0||a%5==0)
{
printf("%d\n",a);
}
return 0;
}
运行结果:
例4:输入1到7之间的某个数,输出表示一星期中相应的某一天的单词:Monday、 Tuesday等等
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int n;
printf("Please input an integer(1--7): ");
scanf("%d",&n);
printf("Today is ");
switch(n) \
{
case 1: printf("Monday.\n");break;
case 2: printf("Tuesday.\n");break;
case 3: printf("Wednesday.\n");break;
case 4: printf("Thursday.\n");break;
case 5: printf("Friday.\n");break;
case 6: printf("Saturday.\n");break;
case 7: printf("Sunday.\n");break;
default : printf("输入错误。\n");
}
return 0;
}
```
运行结果:
![在这里插入图片描述](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190212141234744.png)
**例5:给出一百分制成绩,要求输出成绩等级‘A’,‘B’,‘C’,‘D’,‘E’,90分以上为‘A’,80~89分为‘B’,70~79分为‘C’,60~69分为‘D’,60分以下为‘E**’
```c
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int score,rank;
printf("Please input your score: ");
scanf("%d",&score);
rank=score/10;
printf("Your score is ");
switch(rank)
{
case 10:
case 9: printf("A.\n");break;
case 8: printf("B.\n");break;
case 7: printf("C.\n");break;
case 6: printf("D.\n");break;
default:printf("E.\n");
}
return 0;
}
运行结果:
例6:输入一个字符,判别它是否为大写字母,如果是,将它转换成小写字母,如果不是,不转换。然后输出最后得到的字符
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
char ch;
scanf("%c",&ch);
ch=(ch>='A'&&ch<='Z')?(ch+32):ch;
printf("%c\n",ch);
return 0;
}
运行结果:
例7:运输公司对用户计算运输费用。路程越远,运费越低。标准如下:
s>250 没有折扣
205<=s<=500 %2折扣
500<=s<=100 %5折扣
1000<=s<=2000 %8折扣
2000<=s<3000 %10折扣
3000<=s %15折扣
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int c,s;
float p,w,d,f;
printf("please enter price,weight,discount:");
scanf("%f,%f,%d",&p,&w,&s);
if(s>=3000)c=12;
else c=s/250;
switch(c)
{
case 0:d=0;break;
case 1:d=2;break;
case 2:
case 3:d=5;break;
case 4:
case 5:
case 6:
case 7:d=8;break;
case 8:
case 9:
case 10:
case 11:d=10;break;
case 12:d=15;break;
}
f=p*w*s*(1-d/100);
printf("freight=%10.2f\n",f);
return 0;
}
运行结果:
例8:求ax^2++bx+c=0方程的解
#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>
int main()
{
double a,b,c,disc,x1,x2,realpart,imagpart;
scanf("%lf,%lf,%lf",&a,&b,&c);
printf("The equation");
if(fabs(a)<=1e-6)
printf("is not a quadratic\n");
else
{
disc=b*b-4*a*c;
if(fabs(disc)<=1e-6)
printf("has two equal roots:%8.4f\n",-b/(2*a));
else
if(disc>1e-6)
{
x1=(-b+sqrt(disc))/(2*a);
x2=(-b-sqrt(disc))/(2*a);
printf("has distinct real roots:%8.4fand%8.4f\n",x1,x2);
}
else
{
realpart=-b/(2*a);
imagpart=sqrt(-disc)/(2*a);
printf("has complex roots:\n");
printf("%8.4f+%8.4fi\n",realpart,imagpart);
printf("%8.4f-%8.4fi\n",realpart,imagpart);
}
}
return 0;
}
运行结果:
例9:用switch语句处理菜单命令
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
void action1(int,int),action2(int,int);
char ch;
int a=15,b=23;
ch=getchar();
switch(ch)
{
case 'a':
case'A':action1(a,b);break;
case'b':
case'B':action2(a,b);break;
default:putchar('\a');
}
return 0;
}
void action1(int x,int y)
{
printf("x+y=%d\n",x+y);
}
void action2(int x,int y)
{
printf("x*y=%d\n",x*y);
}
运行结果: