z在一般的运维中，都是需要安装nginx + php + mariadb数据库。注意 mariadb 实际上是mysqlserver的社区版本。功能基本上一样。从ubuntu到centos7 ,目前基本上不提供mysqlserver版本，只提供mariadb版本。
环境
centos7.8 ,192.168.137.104,内存2g
确保系统已经停用selinux 和防火墙
命令分别是.
setenforce 0
systemctl stop firewalld如果永久性的停用这2个功能,采用如下方法
sed -i 's/eforcing/disabled/g /etc/selinux/config && reboot
systemctl disable firewalld安装mariadb
首先我们搜索下yum仓库上有哪些mariadb数据库。
[root@lamp ~]# yum list |grep mariadb
mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.65-1.el7 @anaconda
mariadb.x86_64 1:5.5.65-1.el7 base
mariadb-bench.x86_64 1:5.5.65-1.el7 base
mariadb-devel.i686 1:5.5.65-1.el7 base
mariadb-devel.x86_64 1:5.5.65-1.el7 base
mariadb-embedded.i686 1:5.5.65-1.el7 base
mariadb-embedded.x86_64 1:5.5.65-1.el7 base
mariadb-embedded-devel.i686 1:5.5.65-1.el7 base
mariadb-embedded-devel.x86_64 1:5.5.65-1.el7 base
mariadb-libs.i686 1:5.5.65-1.el7 base
mariadb-server.x86_64 1:5.5.65-1.el7 base
mariadb-test.x86_64 1:5.5.65-1.el7 base 我们选取 mariadb-server.x86_64进行安装
[root@lamp ~]# yum -y install mariadb-server.x86_64
启动服务器并且连接数据库，低版本的mariadb的root账户默认密码是空，高版本的可能要到日志里去看数据库的root的密码。这里的密码是空
[root@lamp ~]# systemctl start mariadb
[root@lamp ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 3
Server version: 5.5.65-MariaDB MariaDB Server
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
MariaDB [(none)]> 安装nginx
首先增加nginx的库，默认的话centos7 是找不到直接安装包的。
[root@lamp ~]# rpm -Uvh http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/noarch/RPMS/nginx-release-centos-7-0.el7.ngx.noarch.rpm
Retrieving http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/noarch/RPMS/nginx-release-centos-7-0.el7.ngx.noarch.rpm
warning: /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.Kr7S2i: Header V4 RSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 7bd9bf62: NOKEY
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:nginx-release-centos-7-0.el7.ngx ################################# [100%]然后安装nginx
[root@lamp ~]# yum -y install nginx
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, product-id, search-disabled-repos, subscription-manager
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package nginx.x86_64 1:1.18.0-1.el7.ngx will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Verifying : 1:nginx-1.18.0-1.el7.ngx.x86_64 1/1
Installed:
nginx.x86_64 1:1.18.0-1.el7.ngx
Complete!
安装成功。
启动nginx: systemctl start nginx
浏览器中直接访问可以看到安装成功。
安装php7
centos7默认安装php5，安装是比较方便，但因为太老，我们尝试安装php7。默认的centos7 yum库是不带 php7的源。
1.安装epel-release
rpm -Uvh https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm
2.安装PHP7的rpm源
rpm -Uvh https://mirror.webtatic.com/yum/el7/webtatic-release.rpm
3.安装PHP7
yum -y install php70w.x86_64 php70w-cli.x86_64 php70w-common.x86_64 php70w-gd.x86_64 php70w-ldap.x86_64 php70w-mbstring.x86_64 php70w-mcrypt.x86_64 php70w-mysql.x86_64 php70w-pdo.x86_64如果需要安装php-fpm在后台运行，还需要安装如下的包
yum -y install php70w-fpm php70w-opcache正常情况下安装成功。如果出现错误，可以留言在评论区。
启动php-fpm
systemctl start php-fpm
开机启动设置
systemctl enable php-fpm
systemctl daemon-reload查看端口9000是不是已经启动，netstat -an |grep 9000,如果启动就算成功。
[root@lamp ~]# netstat -an |grep 9000
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:9000 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN成功！
配置nginx和php
首先创建一个文件,实际上nginx的默认根目录是在/usr/share/nginx/html,我们
# cat <<EOF >/usr/share/nginx/html/phpinfo.php
<?php phpinfo();
?>
EOF
配置nginx，yum安装后的nginx默认的配置文件在/etc/nginx/nginx.conf,该文件中指明了当前conf.d中文件为模块的配置文件。安装之后有一个文件default.conf. 直接修改/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf.
[root@lamp conf.d]# vi default.conf
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
#charset koi8-r;
#access_log /var/log/nginx/host.access.log main;
location / {
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
index index.html index.htm index.php;
}
#error_page 404 /404.html;
# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
#
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
}
# proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1;
#}
# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# root html;
# fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
# fastcgi_index index.php;
# fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
# include fastcgi_params;
#}
# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
# concurs with nginx's one
#
#location ~ /\.ht {
# deny all;
#}
}我们把有关php配置的#去掉，#在配置文件中表示注释。
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
#charset koi8-r;
access_log /var/log/nginx/host.access.log main;
location / {
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
index index.html index.htm index.php;
}
#error_page 404 /404.html;
# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
#
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
}
# proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1;
#}
# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
#
location ~ \.php$ {
#修改1
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
#修改2
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}
# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
# concurs with nginx's one
#
location ~ /\.ht {
deny all;
}
}测试：
安装wordpress
首先找到wordpress的源代码，可以到这里下载 https://cn.wordpress.org/latest-zh_CN.tar.gz
使用wget下载完，解压，并复制到/usr/share/nginx/html中。
[root@lamp ~]# ll
total 12576
-rw-------. 1 root root 1261 Sep 6 05:35 anaconda-ks.cfg
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 12872547 Oct 2 02:31 wordpress-5.4.2-zh_CN.tar.gz
[root@lamp ~]# tar zxf wordpress-5.4.2-zh_CN.tar.gz
[root@lamp ~]# ls -l
total 12580
-rw-------. 1 root root 1261 Sep 6 05:35 anaconda-ks.cfg
drwxr-xr-x 5 1006 1006 4096 Aug 3 00:00 wordpress
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 12872547 Oct 2 02:31 wordpress-5.4.2-zh_CN.tar.gz创建数据库给wordpress使用
[root@lamp ~]# mysql -uroot << EOF
> create database wordpress;
> EOF
拷贝完成以后直接在浏览器输入地址，访问，进入安装页面，如果没权限写入配置文件，请将/usr/share/nginx/html/wordpress 设置成属主为apache.
如果访问当中出现问题，请禁用seLinux权限控制和关闭防火墙。
安装成功访问页面
在php-fpm和nginx不在同一台机器上的时候，这个段中的php，root的配置，是指在php-fpm的机器上的目录，如果放在单独的nginx的服务器上，是访问不到php文件的。
也就是说，如果nginx接收到访问PHP文件，nginx根本不读取php文件，而是直接把这个文件的路径和其他信息交个了php-fpm去处理了。所以这里的路径也是指php在php-fpm上的路径。
location ~ \.php$ {
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
fastcgi_pass dkphpfpm7:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}
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