Effective C++ 44. Factor parameter-independent code out of templates

template<typename T, std::size_t n>
class squareMatrix {
public:
    void invert();
};

squareMatrix<double, 5> sm1;
sm1.invert();

squareMatrix<double, 10> sm2;
sm2.invert();

two copies of invert will be instantiated here. This is a classic way for template-induced code bloat to arise.

template<typename T>
class SquareMatrixBase{
protected:
    SquareMatrixBase(std::size_t n, T *pMem): size(n), pData(pMem) { }
    void setDataPtr(T* ptr) { pData = ptr; }
private:
    std::size_t size;
    T *pData;
};

template<typename T, std::size_t n>
class SquareMatrix: private SquareMatrixBase<T> {
public:
    squareMatrix(): SquareMatrixBase<T>(n, data) {}
private:
    T data[n*n];
};

put the data for each matrix on the heap

template<typename T, std::size_t n>
class SquareMatrix: private SquareMatrixBase<T> {
public:
    SquareMatrix(): SquareMatrixBase<T>(n, 0), pData(new T[n*n]) {
    this->setDataPtr(pData.get());
    }
private:
    boost::scoped_array<T> pData;
};

These functions use the “this->” notation, because function names in templatized base classes are hidden from derived classes.
但是在vs2017 中没有 “this->” 也是可以编译通过的。