Java Annotation实战

• 类使用Annotaion

package me.andy.practice.annotation;

import oracle.jrockit.jfr.openmbean.RecordingType;

import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;

@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
public @interface ClassAnnotation {
    String name();
}

• 方法使用Annotation

package me.andy.practice.annotation;

import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;

@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target(ElementType.METHOD)
public @interface MethodAnnotation {
    String value();

    Class<?> type() default java.lang.String.class;
}

• 属性使用Annotation

package me.andy.practice.annotation;

import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;

@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target(ElementType.FIELD)
public @interface FiledAnnotation {
    String value();
}

• 代码讲解

@interface表示这是一个annotation类型

@Retention提供三种策略

RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME：表示不仅在源码阶段，编译阶段会保存注解信息，在运行时也会把注解信心加入的JVM中。

RetentionPolicy.CLASS：在源码阶段，编译阶段会保存注解信息。注解@Retention默认值。

RetentionPolicy.SOURCE：在源码阶段保存注解信息。

@Target表示在Java结构中什么元素使用注解

TYPE(类型)、FIELD(属性)、METHOD(方法)、PARAMETER(参数)、CONSTRUCTOR(构造函数)、LOCAL_VARIABLE(局部变量),、PACKAGE(包),其中的TYPE(类型)是指可以用在Class,Interface,Enum和Annotation类型上。

• 实战，对象初始化

package me.andy.practice.annotation;


import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;

@ClassAnnotation(name = "andy")
public class Home {

    public Home() throws InvocationTargetException, IllegalAccessException {
        super();
        AnnotationUtils.init(this);
    }

    @FiledAnnotation(value = "name")
    private String name;

    @FiledAnnotation(value = "7")
    private int count;

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    @MethodAnnotation(value = "andy")
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getCount() {
        return count;
    }

    @MethodAnnotation(type=java.lang.Integer.class,value = "7")
    public void setCount(int count) {
        this.count = count;
    }
}

package me.andy.practice.annotation;

import java.lang.annotation.Annotation;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;

public class AnnotationUtils {
    public static void init(Object o) throws InvocationTargetException, IllegalAccessException {
        Class<? extends Object> aClass = o.getClass();
        Method[] declaredMethods = aClass.getDeclaredMethods();
        for (Method method : declaredMethods) {
            if (method.isAnnotationPresent(MethodAnnotation.class)) {
                System.out.println(method.getName());
                MethodAnnotation annotation = method.getAnnotation(MethodAnnotation.class);
                Class<?> type = annotation.type();
                System.out.println(type);
                System.out.println(annotation.value());
                if (type.equals(java.lang.Integer.class)) {
                    method.invoke(o, Integer.valueOf(annotation.value()));
                } else {
                    method.invoke(o, annotation.value());

                }

            }
        }
    }
}

package me.andy.practice.annotation;


import org.junit.Test;

import java.lang.annotation.Annotation;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;

import static junit.framework.Assert.assertEquals;

public class AnnotationTest {

    @Test
    public void should_test_utils() throws InvocationTargetException, IllegalAccessException {
        Home home = new Home();
        AnnotationUtils.init(home);
        assertEquals("andy", home.getName());
        assertEquals(7, home.getCount());
    }
}