第五章 声明式服务调用Feign

快速入门

• 在本节中，继续使用第三章的eureka集群，注册服务，第四章eureka客户端来做作服务的提供者，之后通过feign提供的申明式服务绑定功能来实现对该服务的接口的调用。

服务提供方添加代码

• 创建controller

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
public class HelloController {

    private final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HelloController.class);

    @Value("${spring.application.name}")
    private String applicationName;

    @RequestMapping(value = "/hello",method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String hello(){
        logger.info("访问的服务名称是："+applicationName);
        return "hello world :"+applicationName;
    }

}

创建服务消费方

• 创建springboot项目添加依赖，

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.0.1.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>Finchley.SR1</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

• 在resource下创建application.yml，添加配置。

spring:
  application:
    name: feign-consumer

server:
  port: 9001

eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://springcloudtest.com:1111/eureka/,http://springcloudtest.com:1112/eureka/

• 创建服务调用接口HelloService通过注解@FeignClient注解指定服务名来绑定服务，然后在使用springmvc的注解绑定具体的服务接口。

import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;

@FeignClient("hello-client1")
public interface HelloService {

    @RequestMapping(value = "/hello",method = RequestMethod.GET)
    String hello();
}

注意：这里的服务名不区分大小写，所以使用hello-client1或者HELLO-CLINET1都是可以的。

• 创建一个HelloController，来实现对Feign客户端的调用。

import com.dome.service.HelloService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
public class HelloController {

    @Autowired
    private HelloService helloService;

    @RequestMapping(value = "/feign-consumer",method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String helloConsumer(){
        return helloService.hello();
    }
}

• 最后创建主类，EurekaClient1Application并通过@EnableFeignClients注解开启feign的支持功能。

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.EnableFeignClients;


@EnableDiscoveryClient
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableFeignClients
public class EurekaClient1Application {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(EurekaClient1Application.class,args);
    }
}

测试验证

• 分别启动注册中心和两个客户端。
  
• 使用浏览器测试服务访问服务http://localhost:9001/feign-consumer
  
• 通过访问可以看到通过访问消费者的接口，我们访问到了提供者的服务，通过feign我们只需要定义服务绑定的接口，就可以实现服务调用。