Android 中触摸事件与点击事件分析

触摸事件

两种检测触摸事件的方式:

• 设置触摸监听  setOnTouchListener

返回 true: 表示消费事件 , 可以检测到 down/move/up 事件

返回 false: 不消费事件, 只能检测到 down 事件

• 重写onTouchEvent()

必须继承自系统的一个View,才能重写 onTouchEvent()方法;

如 MyImageView extends ImageView ,才能重写onTouchEvent

返回 true: 消费事件,能检测到 down/move/up 事件

返回 false: 不消费事件,只能检测到 down 事件

如果两种触摸事件都存在,并且都返回true,结果如何?

setOnTouchListener 有效

onTouchEvent() 无效

另外:一个View能否消费事件,关键看 dispatchTouchEvent(),我们来看下 android-10的源码(为什么要看这个版本的源码呢?因为低版本的源码中,原理性的知识点都是一样的,高版本的源码中,加入了非常多的逻辑判断) 

View.java事件是怎么分发的

    /**
     * Pass the touch screen motion event down to the target view, or this
     * view if it is the target.
     *
     * @param event The motion event to be dispatched.
     * @return True if the event was handled by the view, false otherwise.
     */
    public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
        if (mOnTouchListener != null && (mViewFlags & ENABLED_MASK) == ENABLED &&
                mOnTouchListener.onTouch(this, event)) {
            return true;
        }
        return onTouchEvent(event);
    }

我们可以看到如果两种方式都设置的话,每次这个if条件判断都会走,所以 onTouchListener 可以拿到所有事件(down/move/up事件);只有onTouchListener返回false时,onTouchEvent()方法才会走,才能拿到(down/move/up)所有事件;

如何让两种方式同时生效呢?

setOnTouchListener  返回false

onTouchEvent() 返回true

下面我们上代码:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    tools:context="com.xialm.touchdemo.MainActivity">

    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/iv"
        android:layout_width="100dp"
        android:layout_height="100dp"
        android:src="@mipmap/ic_launcher" />
</RelativeLayout>

修改返回true,所有事件都能拿到;返回false,只能拿到down事件;

true时:

04-28 01:44:13.515 1471-1471/com.xialm.touchdemo E/MainActivity: onTouch: 0
04-28 01:44:18.266 1471-1471/com.xialm.touchdemo E/MainActivity: onTouch: 2
04-28 01:44:18.283 1471-1471/com.xialm.touchdemo E/MainActivity: onTouch: 2
04-28 01:44:18.333 1471-1471/com.xialm.touchdemo E/MainActivity: onTouch: 2
04-28 01:44:19.555 1471-1471/com.xialm.touchdemo E/MainActivity: onTouch: 1

false时:

04-28 01:44:13.515 1471-1471/com.xialm.touchdemo E/MainActivity: onTouch: 0

同理,我们创建 CustomImageView,继承自ImageView,同时修改布局文件中的ImageView为 CustomImageView

public class CustomImageView extends ImageView {
    private static final String TAG = "CustomImageView";

    public CustomImageView(Context context) {
        super(context);
    }

    public CustomImageView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
        super(context, attrs);
    }

    public CustomImageView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyleAttr) {
        super(context, attrs, defStyleAttr);
    }

    /**
     * 返回false:只能拿到down事件
     * 返回true: 能拿到down/move/up事件
     * @param event
     * @return
     */
    @Override
    public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
        Log.e(TAG, "onTouchEvent: "+event.getAction() );
        return true; //super.onTouchEvent(event);
    }
}

同时设置,同时返回true的情况,可以看到跟我们的分析是一样的

04-28 01:47:54.060 5005-5005/com.xialm.touchdemo E/MainActivity: onTouch: 0
04-28 01:47:54.434 5005-5005/com.xialm.touchdemo E/MainActivity: onTouch: 2
04-28 01:47:54.450 5005-5005/com.xialm.touchdemo E/MainActivity: onTouch: 2
04-28 01:47:54.817 5005-5005/com.xialm.touchdemo E/MainActivity: onTouch: 2
04-28 01:47:54.850 5005-5005/com.xialm.touchdemo E/MainActivity: onTouch: 2
04-28 01:47:55.188 5005-5005/com.xialm.touchdemo E/MainActivity: onTouch: 1

同时设置setOnTouchListener返回false,onTouchEvent()返回true

04-28 01:49:55.452 6978-6978/com.xialm.touchdemo E/MainActivity: onTouch: 0
04-28 01:49:55.452 6978-6978/com.xialm.touchdemo E/CustomImageView: onTouchEvent: 0
04-28 01:49:58.850 6978-6978/com.xialm.touchdemo E/MainActivity: onTouch: 2
04-28 01:49:58.850 6978-6978/com.xialm.touchdemo E/CustomImageView: onTouchEvent: 2
04-28 01:49:58.866 6978-6978/com.xialm.touchdemo E/MainActivity: onTouch: 2
04-28 01:49:58.866 6978-6978/com.xialm.touchdemo E/CustomImageView: onTouchEvent: 2
04-28 01:49:59.926 6978-6978/com.xialm.touchdemo E/MainActivity: onTouch: 1
04-28 01:49:59.926 6978-6978/com.xialm.touchdemo E/CustomImageView: onTouchEvent: 1

Touch事件处理流程分析

我们自定义一个MyLinearLayout 继承自系统的LinearLayout,然后在布局文件中包裹 CustomImageView,

public class MyLinearLayout extends LinearLayout {
    private static final String TAG = "MyLinearLayout";
    public MyLinearLayout(Context context) {
        super(context);
    }

    public MyLinearLayout(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
        super(context, attrs);
    }

    public MyLinearLayout(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyleAttr) {
        super(context, attrs, defStyleAttr);
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
        Log.e(TAG, "onTouchEvent: "+event.getAction() );
        return true;//super.onTouchEvent(event);   返回true
    }
}

<com.xialm.touchdemo.MyLinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:background="#ccc"
        android:padding="10dp">

        <com.xialm.touchdemo.CustomImageView
            android:id="@+id/iv"
            android:layout_width="100dp"
            android:layout_height="100dp"
            android:src="@mipmap/ic_launcher" />
    </com.xialm.touchdemo.MyLinearLayout>

我们只研究onTouchEvent()

CustomImageView的onTouchEvent()也返回true

04-28 02:37:15.952 14101-14101/com.xialm.touchdemo E/CustomImageView: onTouchEvent: 0
04-28 02:37:16.350 14101-14101/com.xialm.touchdemo E/CustomImageView: onTouchEvent: 2
04-28 02:37:16.367 14101-14101/com.xialm.touchdemo E/CustomImageView: onTouchEvent: 2
04-28 02:37:16.700 14101-14101/com.xialm.touchdemo E/CustomImageView: onTouchEvent: 2
04-28 02:37:17.367 14101-14101/com.xialm.touchdemo E/CustomImageView: onTouchEvent: 2
04-28 02:37:17.648 14101-14101/com.xialm.touchdemo E/CustomImageView: onTouchEvent: 1

当父View和子view都有处理触摸事件的逻辑时,子view可以接收到所有的事件;

这是因为事件传递是由外向内,而事件的消费是由内向外的;

只有子View不处理触摸事件时,父View才能处理消费事件(即CustomImageView的onTouchEvent()返回false,MyLinearLayout的onTouchEvent()返回true)
使用下面示意图来解释,再好不过了:

父View想要消费事件,有没有办法呢?

办法是有的,只需重写onInterceptTouchEvent()方法,返回true,把事件中断掉,则事件就不能往下传递了,我们处理消费逻辑即可:

public class CustomImageView extends ImageView {
   ...省略代码...

    /**
     * 返回false:只能拿到down事件
     * 返回true: 能拿到down/move/up事件
     * @param event
     * @return
     */
    @Override
    public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
        Log.e(TAG, "onTouchEvent: "+event.getAction() );
        return true; //super.onTouchEvent(event);
    }
}

public class MyLinearLayout extends LinearLayout {
    ...省略代码...

    private int count = 0;
    @Override
    public boolean onInterceptTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {
        count++;
        if (count > 4) {
            return true;
        }
        return false; // 中断事件
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
        Log.e(TAG, "onTouchEvent: "+event.getAction() );
        return true;//super.onTouchEvent(event);
    }
}

04-28 02:52:30.948 28332-28332/com.xialm.touchdemo E/CustomImageView: onTouchEvent: 0
04-28 02:52:31.250 28332-28332/com.xialm.touchdemo E/CustomImageView: onTouchEvent: 2
04-28 02:52:31.266 28332-28332/com.xialm.touchdemo E/CustomImageView: onTouchEvent: 2
04-28 02:52:31.783 28332-28332/com.xialm.touchdemo E/CustomImageView: onTouchEvent: 2
04-28 02:52:31.800 28332-28332/com.xialm.touchdemo E/CustomImageView: onTouchEvent: 3
04-28 02:52:31.867 28332-28332/com.xialm.touchdemo E/MyLinearLayout: onTouchEvent: 2
04-28 02:52:31.933 28332-28332/com.xialm.touchdemo E/MyLinearLayout: onTouchEvent: 2
04-28 02:52:31.950 28332-28332/com.xialm.touchdemo E/MyLinearLayout: onTouchEvent: 2
04-28 02:52:32.033 28332-28332/com.xialm.touchdemo E/MyLinearLayout: onTouchEvent: 2
04-28 02:52:32.050 28332-28332/com.xialm.touchdemo E/MyLinearLayout: onTouchEvent: 2
04-28 02:52:32.167 28332-28332/com.xialm.touchdemo E/MyLinearLayout: onTouchEvent: 2
04-28 02:52:35.396 28332-28332/com.xialm.touchdemo E/MyLinearLayout: onTouchEvent: 1

由下面流程示意图来说明:

触摸事件与点击事件

onTouchEvent() 与 onClickListener

点击事件是由 down 和 up 事件组成的,系统一直检测 up事件是否发生,如果有up事件,就会判断 onClickListener监听是否存在,存在就回调onClick()方法

触摸事件和点击事件同时存在时:

系统是怎么区分点击事件还是触摸事件呢?不知道你有没有注意到我们重写onTouchEvent()时有一句话

super.onTouchEvent(event); // 在内部处理了,点击事件的逻辑

查看android-10 View.java源码 我们着重留意一下 up事件

 /**
     * Implement this method to handle touch screen motion events.
     *
     * @param event The motion event.
     * @return True if the event was handled, false otherwise.
     */
    public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
        final int viewFlags = mViewFlags;

        if ((viewFlags & ENABLED_MASK) == DISABLED) {
            // A disabled view that is clickable still consumes the touch
            // events, it just doesn't respond to them.
            return (((viewFlags & CLICKABLE) == CLICKABLE ||
                    (viewFlags & LONG_CLICKABLE) == LONG_CLICKABLE));
        }

        if (mTouchDelegate != null) {
            if (mTouchDelegate.onTouchEvent(event)) {
                return true;
            }
        }

        if (((viewFlags & CLICKABLE) == CLICKABLE ||
                (viewFlags & LONG_CLICKABLE) == LONG_CLICKABLE)) {
            switch (event.getAction()) {
                case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP:    // 着重研究up事件
                    if ((mPrivateFlags & PRESSED) != 0) {
                        // take focus if we don't have it already and we should in
                        // touch mode.
                        boolean focusTaken = false;
                        if (isFocusable() && isFocusableInTouchMode() && !isFocused()) {
                            focusTaken = requestFocus();
                        }

                        if (!mHasPerformedLongPress) {
                            // This is a tap, so remove the longpress check
                            if (mPendingCheckForLongPress != null) {
                                removeCallbacks(mPendingCheckForLongPress);
                            }

                            // Only perform take click actions if we were in the pressed state
                            if (!focusTaken) {
                                performClick();  // 执行点击监听回调
                            }
                        }

                        if (mUnsetPressedState == null) {
                            mUnsetPressedState = new UnsetPressedState();
                        }

                        if (!post(mUnsetPressedState)) {
                            // If the post failed, unpress right now
                            mUnsetPressedState.run();
                        }
                    }
                    break;

                case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN:
                    mPrivateFlags |= PRESSED;
                    refreshDrawableState();
                    if ((mViewFlags & LONG_CLICKABLE) == LONG_CLICKABLE) {
                        postCheckForLongClick();
                    }
                    break;

                case MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL:
                    mPrivateFlags &= ~PRESSED;
                    refreshDrawableState();
                    break;

                case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE:
                    final int x = (int) event.getX();
                    final int y = (int) event.getY();

                    // Be lenient about moving outside of buttons
                    int slop = ViewConfiguration.get(mContext).getScaledTouchSlop();
                    if ((x < 0 - slop) || (x >= getWidth() + slop) ||
                            (y < 0 - slop) || (y >= getHeight() + slop)) {
                        // Outside button
                        if ((mPrivateFlags & PRESSED) != 0) {
                            // Remove any future long press checks
                            if (mPendingCheckForLongPress != null) {
                                removeCallbacks(mPendingCheckForLongPress);
                            }

                            // Need to switch from pressed to not pressed
                            mPrivateFlags &= ~PRESSED;
                            refreshDrawableState();
                        }
                    } else {
                        // Inside button
                        if ((mPrivateFlags & PRESSED) == 0) {
                            // Need to switch from not pressed to pressed
                            mPrivateFlags |= PRESSED;
                            refreshDrawableState();
                        }
                    }
                    break;
            }
            return true;
        }

        return false;
    }

    /**
     * Call this view's OnClickListener, if it is defined.
     *
     * @return True there was an assigned OnClickListener that was called, false
     *         otherwise is returned.
     */
    public boolean performClick() {
        sendAccessibilityEvent(AccessibilityEvent.TYPE_VIEW_CLICKED);

        if (mOnClickListener != null) {  // 点击监听回调不为null,就执行回调,并返回true
            playSoundEffect(SoundEffectConstants.CLICK);
            mOnClickListener.onClick(this);
            return true;
        }

        return false;
    }

如果我们想要同时处理点击事件和触摸事件,super.onTouchEvent(event); 就不可少

  @Override
    public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
        super.onTouchEvent(event);
        Log.e(TAG, "onTouchEvent: "+event.getAction() );
        return true;
    }

04-28 03:40:08.296 8330-8330/com.xialm.touchdemo E/CustomImageView: onTouchEvent: 0
04-28 03:40:08.392 8330-8330/com.xialm.touchdemo E/CustomImageView: onTouchEvent: 1
04-28 03:40:08.393 8330-8330/com.xialm.touchdemo E/MainActivity: onClick: