前言
相信不少同学在开发中都会遇到导出excel这种需求，今天将Excel的导出工具和大家进行一个分享，如有错误还请大佬们批评指正。该工具类可以实现自定义列宽，自定义表头样式，实现了多sheet页合并导出。废话不多，上代码——
一、这是在maven项目中，首先需要引入依赖
<!--引入POI--> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId> <artifactId>poi</artifactId> <version>3.9</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId> <artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId> <version>3.9</version> </dependency><!--引入io流--> <dependency> <groupId>commons-io</groupId> <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId> <version>2.3</version> </dependency>
二、 创建Excel导出工具类
package com.xxx.xxx.microsoftOffice;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.regex.Matcher;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCell;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCellStyle;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFFont;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFRichTextString;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFRow;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.util.HSSFColor;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.*;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
/**
* 导出Excel
* @author Ldpy
*
* @param <T>
*/
public class ExportExcelUtil<T>{
// 2007 版本以上 最大支持1048576行
public final static String EXCEl_FILE_2007 = "2007";
// 2003 版本 最大支持65536 行
public final static String EXCEL_FILE_2003 = "2003";
/**
* <p>
* 导出无头部标题行Excel <br>
* 时间格式默认：yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss <br>
* </p>
*
* @param title 表格标题
* @param dataset 数据集合
* @param response Http响应对象
* @param version 2003 或者 2007，不传时默认生成2007版本
*/
public void exportExcel(XSSFWorkbook workbook, String title, Collection<T> dataset, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, String version, int sheetNum) {
if(version != null && EXCEL_FILE_2003.equals(version.trim())){
exportExcel2003(title, null, dataset, request, response, "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss", sheetNum);
}else{
exportExcel2007(workbook, title, null, dataset, request, response, "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss", sheetNum);
}
}
/**
* <p>
* 导出带有头部标题行的Excel <br>
* 时间格式默认：yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss <br>
* </p>
*
* @param title 表格标题
* @param headers 头部标题集合
* @param dataset 数据集合
* @param response Http响应对象
* @param version 2003 或者 2007，不传时默认生成2007版本
*/
public void exportExcel(XSSFWorkbook workbook, String title,String[] headers, Collection<T> dataset, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response,String version, int sheetNum) {
if(version != null && EXCEL_FILE_2003.equals(version.trim())){
exportExcel2003(title, headers, dataset, request, response, "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss", sheetNum);
}else{
exportExcel2007(workbook, title, headers, dataset, request, response, "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss", sheetNum);
}
}
/**
* <p>
* 通用Excel导出方法,利用反射机制遍历对象的所有字段，将数据写入Excel文件中 <br>
* 此版本生成2007以上版本的文件 (文件后缀：xlsx)
* </p>
*
* @param fileName
* 表格标题名
* @param headers
* 表格头部标题集合
* @param dataset
* 需要显示的数据集合,集合中一定要放置符合JavaBean风格的类的对象。此方法支持的
* JavaBean属性的数据类型有基本数据类型及String,Date
* @param response
* 与输出设备关联的流对象，可以将EXCEL文档导出到本地文件或者网络中
* @param pattern
* 如果有时间数据，设定输出格式。默认为"yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss"
*/
@SuppressWarnings({ "unchecked", "rawtypes" })
private void exportExcel2007(XSSFWorkbook workbook, String fileName, String[] headers, Collection<T> dataset, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, String pattern, int sheetNum) {
// 声明一个工作薄
//XSSFWorkbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook();
// 生成一个表格
XSSFSheet sheet = workbook.createSheet(fileName);
// 设置表格默认列宽度为15个字节
sheet.setDefaultColumnWidth(20);
// 生成一个样式
XSSFCellStyle style = workbook.createCellStyle();
// 设置这些样式
byte[] rgb = {(byte)132,112,(byte)255};
style.setFillForegroundColor(new XSSFColor(rgb));
style.setFillPattern(XSSFCellStyle.SOLID_FOREGROUND);
style.setBorderBottom(XSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
style.setBorderLeft(XSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
style.setBorderRight(XSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
style.setBorderTop(XSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
style.setAlignment(XSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER);
// 生成一个字体
XSSFFont font = workbook.createFont();
font.setBoldweight(XSSFFont.BOLDWEIGHT_BOLD);
font.setFontName("宋体");
font.setColor(new XSSFColor(java.awt.Color.BLACK));
font.setFontHeightInPoints((short) 11);
// 把字体应用到当前的样式
style.setFont(font);
// 生成并设置另一个样式
XSSFCellStyle style2 = workbook.createCellStyle();
style2.setFillForegroundColor(new XSSFColor(java.awt.Color.WHITE));
style2.setFillPattern(XSSFCellStyle.SOLID_FOREGROUND);
style2.setBorderBottom(XSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
style2.setBorderLeft(XSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
style2.setBorderRight(XSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
style2.setBorderTop(XSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
style2.setAlignment(XSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER);
style2.setVerticalAlignment(XSSFCellStyle.VERTICAL_CENTER);
// 生成另一个字体
XSSFFont font2 = workbook.createFont();
font2.setBoldweight(XSSFFont.BOLDWEIGHT_NORMAL);
// 把字体应用到当前的样式
style2.setFont(font2);
// 定义一个数组，存放最大列宽
int[] maxColumn = new int[headers.length];
// 产生表格标题行
XSSFRow row = sheet.createRow(0);
XSSFCell cellHeader;
for (int i = 0; i < headers.length; i++) {
cellHeader = row.createCell(i);
cellHeader.setCellStyle(style);
cellHeader.setCellValue(new XSSFRichTextString(headers[i]));
// 给最大列宽赋初值
maxColumn[i] = headers[i].getBytes().length * 256 + 512;
}
// 遍历集合数据，产生数据行
Iterator<T> it = dataset.iterator();
int index = 0;
T t;
Field[] fields;
Field field;
XSSFRichTextString richString;
Pattern p = Pattern.compile("^//d+(//.//d+)?$");
Matcher matcher;
String fieldName;
String getMethodName;
XSSFCell cell;
Class tCls;
Method getMethod;
Object value;
String textValue;
SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat(pattern);
while (it.hasNext()) {
index++;
row = sheet.createRow(index);
t = (T) it.next();
if (t instanceof Map) {
int i = 0;
for (Map.Entry<String, Object> entry : ((Map<String, Object>)t).entrySet()) {
cell = row.createCell(i);
cell.setCellStyle(style2);
value = entry.getValue();
// 判断值的类型后进行强制类型转换
textValue = null;
if (value instanceof Integer) {
cell.setCellValue((Integer) value);
} else if (value instanceof Float) {
textValue = String.valueOf((Float) value);
cell.setCellValue(textValue);
} else if (value instanceof Double) {
textValue = String.valueOf((Double) value);
cell.setCellValue(textValue);
} else if (value instanceof Long) {
cell.setCellValue((Long) value);
}else if (value instanceof Boolean) {
textValue = "是";
if (!(Boolean) value) {
textValue = "否";
}
} else if (value instanceof Date) {
textValue = sdf.format((Date) value);
} else {
// 其它数据类型都当作字符串简单处理
if (value != null) {
textValue = value.toString();
}
}
if (textValue != null) {
matcher = p.matcher(textValue);
if (matcher.matches()) {
// 是数字当作double处理
cell.setCellValue(Double.parseDouble(textValue));
} else {
richString = new XSSFRichTextString(textValue);
cell.setCellValue(richString);
}
}
// 设置最大列宽，默认20
int temp = 20;
if (textValue != null) {
temp = textValue.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8).length * 256 + 512;
}
maxColumn[i] = Math.max(maxColumn[i], temp);
i ++;
}
continue;
}
// 利用反射，根据JavaBean属性的先后顺序，动态调用getXxx()方法得到属性值
fields = t.getClass().getDeclaredFields();
for (int i = 0; i < fields.length; i++) {
cell = row.createCell(i);
cell.setCellStyle(style2);
field = fields[i];
fieldName = field.getName();
getMethodName = "get" + fieldName.substring(0, 1).toUpperCase()
+ fieldName.substring(1);
try {
tCls = t.getClass();
getMethod = tCls.getMethod(getMethodName, new Class[] {});
value = getMethod.invoke(t, new Object[] {});
// 判断值的类型后进行强制类型转换
textValue = null;
if (value instanceof Integer) {
cell.setCellValue((Integer) value);
} else if (value instanceof Float) {
textValue = String.valueOf((Float) value);
cell.setCellValue(textValue);
} else if (value instanceof Double) {
textValue = String.valueOf((Double) value);
cell.setCellValue(textValue);
} else if (value instanceof Long) {
cell.setCellValue((Long) value);
}else if (value instanceof Boolean) {
textValue = "是";
if (!(Boolean) value) {
textValue = "否";
}
} else if (value instanceof Date) {
textValue = sdf.format((Date) value);
} else {
// 其它数据类型都当作字符串简单处理
if (value != null) {
textValue = value.toString();
}
}
if (textValue != null) {
matcher = p.matcher(textValue);
if (matcher.matches()) {
// 是数字当作double处理
cell.setCellValue(Double.parseDouble(textValue));
} else {
richString = new XSSFRichTextString(textValue);
cell.setCellValue(richString);
}
}
// 设置最大列宽，默认20
int temp = 20;
if (textValue != null) {
temp = textValue.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8).length * 256 + 512;
}
maxColumn[i] = Math.max(maxColumn[i], temp);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
// 设置自动列宽
for (int i = 0; i < maxColumn.length; i++) {
sheet.setColumnWidth(i, maxColumn[i]); //调整列宽
}
/*try {
String date = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMddHHmmss").format(new Date());
String sFileName = date + ".xlsx";
response.setContentType("application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet");
response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + sFileName);
response.setHeader("Connection", "close");
workbook.write(response.getOutputStream());
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}*/
}
/**
* 统一写入数据
* @param workbook
* @param response
*/
public void write(XSSFWorkbook workbook, HttpServletResponse response){
try {
String date = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMddHHmmss").format(new Date());
String sFileName = date + ".xlsx";
response.setContentType("application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet");
response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + sFileName);
response.setHeader("Connection", "close");
workbook.write(response.getOutputStream());
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* <p>
* 通用Excel导出方法,利用反射机制遍历对象的所有字段，将数据写入Excel文件中 <br>
* 此方法生成2003版本的excel,文件名后缀：xls <br>
* </p>
*
* @param title
* 表格标题名
* @param headers
* 表格头部标题集合
* @param dataset
* 需要显示的数据集合,集合中一定要放置符合JavaBean风格的类的对象。此方法支持的
* JavaBean属性的数据类型有基本数据类型及String,Date
* @param response
* 与输出设备关联的流对象，可以将EXCEL文档导出到本地文件或者网络中
* @param pattern
* 如果有时间数据，设定输出格式。默认为"yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss"
*/
@SuppressWarnings({ "unchecked", "rawtypes" })
private void exportExcel2003(String title, String[] headers, Collection<T> dataset, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, String pattern, int sheetNum) {
// 声明一个工作薄
HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook();
// 生成一个表格
HSSFSheet sheet = workbook.createSheet(title);
workbook.setSheetName(sheetNum, title);
// 设置表格默认列宽度为15个字节
sheet.setDefaultColumnWidth(20);
// 生成一个样式
HSSFCellStyle style = workbook.createCellStyle();
// 设置这些样式
style.setFillForegroundColor(HSSFColor.GREY_50_PERCENT.index);
style.setFillPattern(HSSFCellStyle.SOLID_FOREGROUND);
style.setBorderBottom(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
style.setBorderLeft(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
style.setBorderRight(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
style.setBorderTop(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
style.setAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER);
// 生成一个字体
HSSFFont font = workbook.createFont();
font.setBoldweight(HSSFFont.BOLDWEIGHT_BOLD);
font.setFontName("宋体");
font.setColor(HSSFColor.WHITE.index);
font.setFontHeightInPoints((short) 11);
// 把字体应用到当前的样式
style.setFont(font);
// 生成并设置另一个样式
HSSFCellStyle style2 = workbook.createCellStyle();
style2.setFillForegroundColor(HSSFColor.WHITE.index);
style2.setFillPattern(HSSFCellStyle.SOLID_FOREGROUND);
style2.setBorderBottom(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
style2.setBorderLeft(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
style2.setBorderRight(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
style2.setBorderTop(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
style2.setAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER);
style2.setVerticalAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.VERTICAL_CENTER);
// 生成另一个字体
HSSFFont font2 = workbook.createFont();
font2.setBoldweight(HSSFFont.BOLDWEIGHT_NORMAL);
// 把字体应用到当前的样式
style2.setFont(font2);
// 定义一个数组，存放最大列宽
int[] maxColumn = new int[headers.length];
// 产生表格标题行
HSSFRow row = sheet.createRow(0);
HSSFCell cellHeader;
for (int i = 0; i < headers.length; i++) {
cellHeader = row.createCell(i);
cellHeader.setCellStyle(style);
cellHeader.setCellValue(new HSSFRichTextString(headers[i]));
// 给最大列宽赋初值
maxColumn[i] = headers[i].getBytes().length * 256 + 512;
}
// 遍历集合数据，产生数据行
Iterator<T> it = dataset.iterator();
int index = 0;
T t;
Field[] fields;
Field field;
HSSFRichTextString richString;
Pattern p = Pattern.compile("^//d+(//.//d+)?$");
Matcher matcher;
String fieldName;
String getMethodName;
HSSFCell cell;
Class tCls;
Method getMethod;
Object value;
String textValue;
SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat(pattern);
while (it.hasNext()) {
index++;
row = sheet.createRow(index);
t = (T) it.next();
// 利用反射，根据JavaBean属性的先后顺序，动态调用getXxx()方法得到属性值
fields = t.getClass().getDeclaredFields();
for (int i = 0; i < fields.length; i++) {
cell = row.createCell(i);
cell.setCellStyle(style2);
field = fields[i];
fieldName = field.getName();
getMethodName = "get" + fieldName.substring(0, 1).toUpperCase()
+ fieldName.substring(1);
try {
tCls = t.getClass();
getMethod = tCls.getMethod(getMethodName, new Class[] {});
value = getMethod.invoke(t, new Object[] {});
// 判断值的类型后进行强制类型转换
textValue = null;
if (value instanceof Integer) {
cell.setCellValue((Integer) value);
} else if (value instanceof Float) {
textValue = String.valueOf((Float) value);
cell.setCellValue(textValue);
} else if (value instanceof Double) {
textValue = String.valueOf((Double) value);
cell.setCellValue(textValue);
} else if (value instanceof Long) {
cell.setCellValue((Long) value);
}
if (value instanceof Boolean) {
textValue = "是";
if (!(Boolean) value) {
textValue = "否";
}
} else if (value instanceof Date) {
textValue = sdf.format((Date) value);
} else {
// 其它数据类型都当作字符串简单处理
if (value != null) {
textValue = value.toString();
}
}
if (textValue != null) {
matcher = p.matcher(textValue);
if (matcher.matches()) {
// 是数字当作double处理
cell.setCellValue(Double.parseDouble(textValue));
} else {
richString = new HSSFRichTextString(textValue);
cell.setCellValue(richString);
}
}
// 设置最大列宽，默认20
int temp = 20;
if (textValue != null) {
temp = textValue.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8).length * 256 + 512;
}
maxColumn[i] = Math.max(maxColumn[i], temp);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
// 设置自动列宽
for (int i = 0; i < maxColumn.length; i++) {
sheet.setColumnWidth(i, maxColumn[i]); //调整列宽
}
try {
String date = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMddHHmmss").format(new Date());
String sFileName = date + ".xls";
response.setContentType("application/vnd.ms-excel");
response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + sFileName);
response.setHeader("Connection", "close");
workbook.write(response.getOutputStream());
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
三、项目中使用
/**
* @Description 导出农机销售信息
* @Author Ldpy
* @Date 2020/9/1 16:30
* @param req 统一参数 (此处进行了本地封装，自己用可以用常规表单传值即可)
* @throws Exception
*/
@PostMapping("/exportMachineStatis")
public void exportSubsidyMachineStatis(Req req, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
List<MachineNumVO> list = subscriberDtIotPurchaseSubsidyService.getMachineNumAndSubsidy(req);
List<MachineNumVO> subList = subscriberDtIotPurchaseSubsidyService.getMachineNumAndSubsidyForCounty(req);
List<MachineDetailVO> detailList = subscriberDtIotPurchaseSubsidyService.getMachineNumAndSubsidyForDetail(req);
String fileName1 = "按省统计";
String fileName2 = "按县统计";
String fileName3 = "详情信息";
// 表头数组1
String[] hearders1 = new String[]{"地区","机具品目","拖拉机数量（台）","购买金额（万元）","购机资金总额（万元）","表头字段名"};
// 表头数组2
String[] hearders2 = new String[]{"表头字段名","表头字段名","表头字段名","表头字段名","表头字段名","表头字段名"};
// 表头数组3
String[] hearders3 = new String[]{"表头字段名","表头字段名","表头字段名","表头字段名","表头字段名","表头字段名"};
//调用Excel工具类
ExportExcelUtil ex = new ExportExcelUtil();
XSSFWorkbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook();
try {
ex.exportExcel(workbook, fileName1, hearders1, list, request, response, "2007", 0);
ex.exportExcel(workbook, fileName2, hearders2, subList, request, response, "2007", 1);
ex.exportExcel(workbook, fileName3, hearders3, detailList, request, response, "2007", 2);
ex.write(workbook, response);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}实体类（其余两个实体类省略，根据自己的业务自行编写），注意：表头与实体类中的字段是一一对应的关系！如果使用Map，必须返回LinkedHashMap，这样值才能与表头匹配。
package com.xxx.xxx.entity;
public class MachineNumVO {
/**
* 地区
*/
private String subAddress;
/**
* 机具品目
*/
private String njName;
/**
* 拖拉机数量（台）
*/
private String njNum;
/**
* 购买金额（万元）
*/
private String centralSubsidy;
/**
* 购机资金总额（万元）
*/
private String buyPrice;
/**
* 表头字段名
*/
private String acreage;
public String getSubAddress() {
return subAddress;
}
public void setSubAddress(String subAddress) {
this.subAddress = subAddress;
}
public String getNjName() {
return njName;
}
public void setNjName(String njName) {
this.njName = njName;
}
public String getNjNum() {
return njNum;
}
public void setNjNum(String njNum) {
this.njNum = njNum;
}
public String getCentralSubsidy() {
return centralSubsidy;
}
public void setCentralSubsidy(String centralSubsidy) {
this.centralSubsidy = centralSubsidy;
}
public String getBuyPrice() {
return buyPrice;
}
public void setBuyPrice(String buyPrice) {
this.buyPrice = buyPrice;
}
public String getAcreage() {
return acreage;
}
public void setAcreage(String acreage) {
this.acreage = acreage;
}
}
四、最后效果
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