使用 Puppeteer 绕过 CAPTCHA

Web Unlocker - 自动化网页解锁器

这是一份使用 Puppeteer 模仿人类行为来绕过 CAPTCHA 的快速指南。 如果你想省去阅读本指南的步骤，可以直接注册 Bright Data 并选择 Web Unlocker API。

第 1 步：项目搭建

mkdir bypass_captcha_puppeteer
cd bypass_captcha_puppeteer
npm init -y
npm install puppeteer

目录结构:

bypass_captcha_puppeteer/
├── index.js
└── package.json

在 package.json中添加 "type"字段并设为 "module":

{
  "name": "bypass_captcha_puppeteer",
  "version": "1.0.0",
  "description": "",
  "main": "index.js",
  "type": "module",
  "scripts": {
    "start": "node index.js"
  },
  "dependencies": {
    "puppeteer": "^23.10.4"
  }
}

第 2 步：测试 Puppeteer（无 Stealth）

import puppeteer from 'puppeteer';
const visitBotAnalyzerPage = async () => {
  try {
    const browser = await puppeteer.launch();
    const page = await browser.newPage();
    const url = 'https://bot.sannysoft.com/';
    console.log(`Navigating to ${url}...`);
    await page.goto(url, { waitUntil: 'networkidle2' });
    console.log('Taking full-page screenshot...');
    await page.screenshot({ path: 'anti-bot-analysis.png', fullPage: true });
    console.log('Screenshot taken');
    await browser.close();
    console.log('Browser closed');
  } catch (error) {
    console.error('An error occurred:', error);
  }
};
// 运行脚本
visitBotAnalyzerPage();

执行:

node index.js

你可能会在一些检测下失败，从而触发 CAPTCHA 验证。

第 3 步：安装 Stealth 插件

npm install puppeteer-extra puppeteer-extra-plugin-stealth

将原本的 puppeteerimport 替换为 puppeteer-extra，并添加插件：

import puppeteer from 'puppeteer-extra';
import StealthPlugin from 'puppeteer-extra-plugin-stealth';

// 添加 stealth 插件
puppeteer.use(StealthPlugin());

const visitBotAnalyzerPage = async () => {
  try {
    const browser = await puppeteer.launch();
    console.log('Launching browser in stealth mode...');
    const page = await browser.newPage();
    const url = 'https://bot.sannysoft.com/';
    console.log(`Navigating to ${url}...`);
    await page.goto(url, { waitUntil: 'networkidle2' });
    console.log('Taking full-page screenshot...');
    await page.screenshot({ path: 'anti-bot-analysis.png', fullPage: true });
    console.log(`Screenshot taken`);
    await browser.close();
    console.log('Browser closed. Script completed successfully');
  } catch (error) {
    console.error('Error occurred:', error);
  }
};
// 运行脚本
visitBotAnalyzerPage();

再次执行:

node index.js

Stealth 模式能够减少被识别为机器人以及显示 CAPTCHA 的概率。

如果仍然不够隐蔽

对于更高级的 WAF 和机器人检测机制，可以尝试更多的插件（例如 puppeteer-extra-plugin-anonymize-ua）或者使用专业工具。像 Bright Data 的 Web Unlocker API 可以处理 reCAPTCHA、hCaptcha 等更多验证方式。