Java Web基础——Action+Service +Dao+Vo四层功能

1.Action:Action类是用户请求和业务逻辑之间的桥梁，每个Action充当客户的一项业务代理；Action类都要继承 ActionSupport 实现接口ModelDriven;
ModelDriven接口要重写getModel()方法例如:

public class UserAction extends ActionSupport implements ModelDriven<User> {

    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
    private User user = new User();
    private UserService userService;

    @Override
    public User getModel() {
        return user;
    }

    public void setUserService(UserService userService) {
        this.userService = userService;
    }

    public UserService getUserService() {
        return userService;
    }

Service:service层:能够更加清晰的定义应用程序的边界，需要操作数据的时候，通过service层访问DAO层来实现 例：

@Transactional
public class UserService {

    private UserDao userDao;

    public void setUserDao(UserDao userDao) {
        this.userDao = userDao;
    }
    //@Transactional加上了，代表这个类会被Spring操作或者声明，具体的//操作根据       //@Transactional的内容而定。
//不加上当然Spring就不会自动识别了，需要IOC反向控制一下

DAO层:数据访问层，对数据库进行访问，操作数据库。
例:

public class UserDao extends HibernateDaoSupport {

    /**
     * 判断有无username
     * 
     * @param username
     * @return
     */
    public User findByUsername(String username) {
        String hql = "from User where username = ?";
        List<User> list = this.getHibernateTemplate().find(hql, username);
        if (list != null && list.size() > 0) {
            return list.get(0);
        }
        return null;
    }

Vo层:它们是由一组属性和属性的get和set方法组成。可以看成是与数据库中的表相映射的java对象
列:

public class User {

    private String username;
    private String pwd;
    private String cellphone;
    private String nickName;

    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }

    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }

    public String getPwd() {
        return pwd;
    }

    public void setPwd(String pwd) {
        this.pwd = pwd;
    }

    public String getCellphone() {
        return cellphone;
    }

    public void setCellphone(String cellphone) {
        this.cellphone = cellphone;
    }

    public String getNickName() {
        return nickName;
    }

    public void setNickName(String nickName) {
        this.nickName = nickName;
    }

在vo包下除了user外还要写一个user.hbm.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC 
    "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
    "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-mapping>
    <class name="user.vo.User" table="user">
    //table 数据库名称 
    //name: 文件所在的路径
        <id name="username">
            <generator class="assigned" />
        //主键
        </id>
        <property name="pwd" />//普通列
        <property name="cellphone" />
        <property name="nickName" />
    </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

最后在applicationContext.xml中进行配置:

`<!-- Dao配置 ==================================================== -->
    <bean id="userDao" class="user.dao.UserDao">
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
    </bean>`

<!--Servicen配置 ==================================================== -->
    <bean id="userService" class="user.service.UserService">
        <property name="userDao" ref="userDao" />
    </bean>

<!-- Action的配置 ============================== ======================-->
<bean id="userAction" class="user.action.UserAction">
        <property name="userService" ref="userService" />
    </bean>

//在id="dataSource"的bean中配置User.hbm.xml:
<property name="mappingResources">
            <list>
                <value>user/vo/user.hbm.xml</value>
            </list>
        </property>