servlet初始化

Servlet初始化调用init方法：（依次执行）

1.调用初始化init()

 public abstract void init(ServletConfig paramServletConfig)
            throws ServletException;

2.init方法中加载ServletConfig接口一些配置信息

public interface ServletConfig {

    public abstract String getServletName();
    
    public abstract String getInitParameter(String paramString);
    
    public abstract ServletContext getServletContext();
    
    public abstract Enumeration getInitParameterNames();
}

3.ServletConfig接口配置ServletContext等，以及初始化参数方法，同时加载创建全局的储存信息的空间ServletContext,Servlet上下文提供对应用程序中所有Servlet所共有的各种资源和功能的访问.

ServletContext接口提供一系列方法，最常用的几个方法：

public abstract interface ServletContext {

 //获取请求转发对象,param:path相对于SrvletContext路径(/x)
    public abstract RequestDispatcher getRequesDispatcher(String path);

   //获取请求转发对象,param:path相对于SrvletContext路径(/x)
 public abstract RequestDispatcher getNamedDispatcher(String path);

  public abstract String getContextPath();

  public abstract ServletContext getContext(String paramString);

  public abstract Set getResourcePaths(String paramString);

  public abstract URL getResource(String paramString)
    throws MalformedURLException;

  public abstract InputStream getResourceAsStream(String paramString);

..........

}

4.在ServletContext接口中的RequestDispathcher接口有：

public abstract interface RequestDispatcher
{
  public abstract void forward(ServletRequest paramServletRequest, ServletResponse paramServletResponse)
    throws ServletException, IOException;

  public abstract void include(ServletRequest paramServletRequest, ServletResponse paramServletResponse)
    throws ServletException, IOException;
}

只有请求转发和include方法