Android OpenGL ES 开发教程(19)：绘制迷你太阳系

前面介绍了3D坐标系统和3D坐标变换以及在OpenGL ES中坐标变换的过程，并与相机拍照片的过程做类比，以便更好的理解这OpenGL中构造3D模型的一部步骤：

本例提供绘制一个迷你太阳系系统作为前面知识的总结，这个迷你太阳系，有一个红色的太阳，一个蓝色的地图和一个白色的月亮构成：

太阳居中，逆时针自转。
地球绕太阳顺时针公转，本身不自转。
月亮绕地球顺时针公转，自身逆时针自转。

为简单起见，使用一个2D五角星做为天体而没有使用球体（绘制球体在后面有介绍），构造一个Star类:

 
    1public  class Star { 
 
    2 // Our vertices. 
 
    3 protected float vertices[];  
 
    4  
 
    5 // Our vertex buffer. 
 
    6 protected FloatBuffer vertexBuffer; 
 
    7  
 
    8 public Star() { 
 
    9  
 
    10 float a=(float)(1.0f/(2.0f-2f*Math.cos(72f*Math.PI/180.f))); 
 
    11 float bx=(float)(a*Math.cos(18*Math.PI/180.0f)); 
 
    12 float by=(float)(a*Math.sin(18*Math.PI/180f)); 
 
    13 float cy=(float)(-a * Math.cos(18*Math.PI/180f)); 
 
    14 vertices=new float[]{ 
 
    15 0,a,0.5f,cy,-bx,by,bx,by,-0.5f,cy 
 
    16 };  
 
    17  
 
    18 ByteBuffer vbb 
 
    19 = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(vertices.length * 4); 
 
    20 vbb.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder()); 
 
    21 vertexBuffer = vbb.asFloatBuffer(); 
 
    22 vertexBuffer.put(vertices); 
 
    23 vertexBuffer.position(0); 
 
    24  
 
    25 }  
 
    26  
 
    27 /** 
 
    28 * This function draws our star on screen. 
 
    29 * @param gl 
 
    30 */
 
    31 public void draw(GL10 gl) {  
 
    32 // Counter-clockwise winding. 
 
    33 gl.glFrontFace(GL10.GL_CCW); 
 
    34 // Enable face culling. 
 
    35 gl.glEnable(GL10.GL_CULL_FACE); 
 
    36 // What faces to remove with the face culling. 
 
    37 gl.glCullFace(GL10.GL_BACK); 
 
    38  
 
    39 // Enabled the vertices buffer for writing 
 
    40 //and to be used during 
 
    41 // rendering. 
 
    42 gl.glEnableClientState(GL10.GL_VERTEX_ARRAY); 
 
    43 // Specifies the location and data format of 
 
    44 //an array of vertex 
 
    45 // coordinates to use when rendering. 
 
    46 gl.glVertexPointer(2, GL10.GL_FLOAT, 0, 
 
    47 vertexBuffer); 
 
    48  
 
    49 gl.glDrawArrays(GL10.GL_LINE_LOOP, 0,5); 
 
    50  
 
    51 // Disable the vertices buffer. 
 
    52 gl.glDisableClientState(GL10.GL_VERTEX_ARRAY); 
 
    53 // Disable face culling. 
 
    54 gl.glDisable(GL10.GL_CULL_FACE); 
 
    55 }  
 
    56  
 
    57}

Star定义了五角星的五个顶点，并使用glDrawArrays 来绘制五角星，因此vertices 顶点的顺序比较重要。

然后定义一个DrawSolarSystem 来绘制这个迷你太阳系：

 
    1public  class DrawSolarSystem extends OpenGLESActivity 
 
    2 implements IOpenGLDemo{ 
 
    3  
 
    4 private Star sun=new  Star(); 
 
    5 private Star earth=new  Star(); 
 
    6 private Star moon=new  Star(); 
 
    7  
 
    8 private int angle=0; 
 
    9  
 
    10 /** Called when the activity is first created. */
 
    11 @Override
 
    12 public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { 
 
    13 super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); 
 
    14  
 
    15 }  
 
    16  
 
    17 public void DrawScene(GL10 gl) { 
 
    18 super.DrawScene(gl); 
 
    19 gl.glLoadIdentity(); 
 
    20 GLU.gluLookAt(gl,0.0f, 0.0f, 15.0f, 
 
    21 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 
 
    22 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f); 
 
    23 // Star A 
 
    24 // Save the current matrix. 
 
    25 gl.glPushMatrix(); 
 
    26 // Rotate Star A counter-clockwise. 
 
    27 gl.glRotatef(angle, 0, 0, 1); 
 
    28 gl.glColor4f(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f); 
 
    29 // Draw Star A. 
 
    30 sun.draw(gl); 
 
    31 // Restore the last matrix. 
 
    32 gl.glPopMatrix(); 
 
    33 // Star B 
 
    34 // Save the current matrix 
 
    35 gl.glPushMatrix(); 
 
    36 // Rotate Star B before moving it, 
 
    37 //making it rotate around A. 
 
    38 gl.glRotatef(-angle, 0, 0, 1); 
 
    39 // Move Star B. 
 
    40 gl.glTranslatef(3, 0, 0); 
 
    41 // Scale it to 50% of Star A 
 
    42 gl.glScalef(.5f, .5f, .5f); 
 
    43 gl.glColor4f(0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f); 
 
    44 // Draw Star B. 
 
    45 earth.draw(gl); 
 
    46 // Star C 
 
    47 // Save the current matrix 
 
    48 gl.glPushMatrix(); 
 
    49 // Make the rotation around B 
 
    50 gl.glRotatef(-angle, 0, 0, 1); 
 
    51 gl.glTranslatef(2, 0, 0); 
 
    52 // Scale it to 50% of Star B 
 
    53 gl.glScalef(.5f, .5f, .5f); 
 
    54 // Rotate around it's own center. 
 
    55 gl.glRotatef(angle*10, 0, 0, 1); 
 
    56 gl.glColor4f(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f); 
 
    57 // Draw Star C. 
 
    58 moon.draw(gl); 
 
    59 // Restore to the matrix as it was before C. 
 
    60 gl.glPopMatrix(); 
 
    61 // Restore to the matrix as it was before B. 
 
    62 gl.glPopMatrix(); 
 
    63 // Increse the angle. 
 
    64 angle++; 
 
    65  
 
    66 }  
 
    67  
 
    68}