Linux内核的加密函数框架

 Linux 内核支持很多加密算法，包括对称加密算法，如AES；摘要算法，如sha1,md5；压缩算法，如deflate。不过内核好像不支持非对称加密算法。这些算法作为加密函数框架的最底层，提供加密和解密的实际操作。这些函数可以在内核crypto 文件夹下，相应的文件中找到。不过内核模块不能直接调用这些函数，因为它们并没有export。内核提供一个统一的框架，来管理这些算法。加密算法通过crypto_register_alg()和crypto_unregister_alg()注册。内核将加密算法分为三类，1）cipher，2）compress，3）digest。加密函数框架中有相应的API封装，提供给模块调用。
对于使用这些加密函数，首先通过crypto_alloc_tfm()来分配一个加密函数对象的实例。初始化这些实例，然后就可以通过框架提供的API对数据进行加密和解密。完成以后，必须通过crypto_free_tfm()撤销实例。

下面是几个代码，或许能够够对内核的加密框架有更直观的了解：

1）digest算法（sha1）

#include<linux/kernel.h> #include <linux/module.h> #include <linux/crypto.h> #include <linux/scatterlist.h> #include <linux/gfp.h> #include <linux/err.h> #include <linux/syscalls.h> #include <linux/slab.h> struct crypto_tfm *tfm; struct scatterlist sg[1]; char * code1= "2ew34123132513451345"; char * code2= "234123132513451345"; char *do_digest(char* code) { char *result; int code_len =strlen(code); tfm = crypto_alloc_tfm("sha1",0); if(IS_ERR(tfm)) return 0; sg_init_one(sg,code,code_len); crypto_digest_init(tfm); crypto_digest_update(tfm,sg,1); result = (char*)kmalloc(sizeof(char)*50,GFP_KERNEL); if(result == NULL) { crypto_free_tfm(tfm); return 0; } memset(result,0,sizeof(char)*50); crypto_digest_final(tfm,result); crypto_free_tfm(tfm); return result; } static int __init test_init(void) { char *result1,*result2; result1 = do_digest(code1); if(!result1) goto failed2; result2 = do_digest(code2); if(!result2) goto failed1; if(memcmp(result1,result2,50)!= 0) printk("<1>code1 != code2\n"); else printk("<1>code1 == code2\n"); kfree(result2); failed1: kfree(result1); failed2: return 0; } static void __exit test_exit(void) { } module_init(test_init); module_exit(test_exit); MODULE_LICENSE("GPL"); MODULE_AUTHOR("richardhesidu@chinaunix");

2)compress算法（deflate）

#include<linux/module.h> #include <linux/kernel.h> #include <linux/crypto.h> #include <linux/scatterlist.h> #include <linux/gfp.h> #include <linux/err.h> #include <linux/syscalls.h> #include <linux/slab.h> struct crypto_tfm *tfm; char * code= "Hello everyone, I'm richardhesidu from chinaunix.net !"; static inlinevoid hexdump(unsignedchar *buf,unsignedint len) { while(len--) printk("0x%02x,",*buf++); printk("\n"); } static int __init test_init(void){ int ret,result_len,temp_len; char result[512]; char temp[512]; printk("<1>%s\n",code); /* Allocate transform for deflate */ tfm = crypto_alloc_tfm("deflate",0); if(IS_ERR(tfm)){ printk("<1>failed to load transform for deflate !\n"); return 0; } memset(result,0,sizeof(result)); temp_len = 512; ret = crypto_comp_compress(tfm,code,strlen(code),temp,&temp_len); if(ret){ printk("<1>failed to compress !\n"); return 0; } hexdump(temp,strlen(temp)); memset(result,0,sizeof(result)); result_len = 512; ret = crypto_comp_decompress(tfm,temp,strlen(temp),result,&result_len); if(ret){ printk("<1>failed to decompress !\n"); return 0; } printk("<1>%s\n",result); if(memcmp(code,result,strlen(code))!= 0) printk("<1>decompressed was not successful\n"); else printk("<1>decompressed was successful\n"); crypto_free_tfm(tfm); return 0; } static void __exit test_exit(void) { } module_init(test_init); module_exit(test_exit); MODULE_LICENSE("GPL"); MODULE_AUTHOR("richardhesidu@chinaunix");

3)cipher算法（aes）

#include<linux/module.h> #include <linux/kernel.h> #include <linux/crypto.h> #include <linux/scatterlist.h> #include <linux/gfp.h> #include <linux/err.h> #include <linux/syscalls.h> #include <linux/slab.h> #include <linux/highmem.h> struct crypto_tfm *tfm; #if 1 char *code = "Hello everyone,I'm Richardhesidu" "Hello everyone,I'm Richardhesidu" "Hello everyone,I'm Richardhesidu"; char *key = "00112233445566778899aabbccddeeff"; #endif #if 0 char code[]= {0x00,0x11,0x22,0x33,0x44,0x55,0x66,0x77,0x88,0x99,0xaa, 0xbb,0xcc,0xdd,0xee,0xff}; char key[]= {0x00,0x01,0x02,0x03,0x04,0x05,0x06,0x07,0x08,0x09,0x0a, 0x0b,0x0c,0x0d,0x0e,0x0f}; #endif static inlinevoid hexdump(unsignedchar *buf,unsignedint len) { while(len--) printk("%02x",*buf++); printk("\n"); } static int __init test_init(void){ int ret,templen,keylen,codelen; struct scatterlist sg[1]; char *result; char *temp; keylen = 16; codelen = strlen(code)/2; #if 0 printk("<1>%s, codelen=%d\n",code,strlen(code)); printk("<1>%s, keylen=%d\n",key,strlen(key)); #endif /* Allocate transform for AES ECB mode */ tfm = crypto_alloc_tfm("aes",CRYPTO_TFM_MODE_ECB); if(IS_ERR(tfm)){ printk("<1>failed to load transform for aes ECB mode !\n"); return 0; } ret = crypto_cipher_setkey(tfm,key,keylen); if(ret){ printk("<1>failed to setkey \n"); goto failed1; } sg_init_one(sg,code,codelen); /* start encrypt */ ret = crypto_cipher_encrypt(tfm,sg,sg,codelen); if(ret){ printk("<1>encrypt failed \n"); goto failed1; } temp = kmap(sg[0].page)+ sg[0].offset; hexdump(temp,sg[0].length); /* start dencrypt */ templen = strlen(temp)/2; sg_init_one(sg,temp,templen); ret = crypto_cipher_decrypt(tfm,sg,sg,templen); if(ret){ printk("<1>dencrypt failed \n"); goto failed1; } result = kmap(sg[0].page)+ sg[0].offset; printk("<1>%s\n",result); // hexdump(result,sg[0].length); #if 0 if(memcmp(code,result,strlen(code))!= 0) printk("<1>dencrpt was not successful\n"); else printk("<1>dencrypt was successful\n"); #endif failed1: crypto_free_tfm(tfm); return 0; } static void __exit test_exit(void) { } module_init(test_init); module_exit(test_exit); MODULE_LICENSE("GPL"); MODULE_AUTHOR("richardhesidu@chinaunix");