UDP --01--基本开发设计

设计模型

服务器和客户端启动没有顺序之分（因为不需要三次握手，这也是与TCP的区别）

客户端启动就直接发数据

服务端启动就直接接数据

UDP基本函数使用简化图

代码如下：

LocalUDPServer.cpp

#include <tchar.h> // _T宏
#include <stdio.h>// printf sprintf

#include <iostream>// cout fstream
using namespace std;

// windows socket
#include <winsock.h>
#pragma comment (lib,"ws2_32.lib")

bool initSocketLib();

void main()
{
	if(!initSocketLib())
		return;

	// 初始化本地客户端套接字
	SOCKET serSocket = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, IPPROTO_UDP); 
	if(serSocket == INVALID_SOCKET)
	{
		printf("socket error !");
		return ;
	}

	sockaddr_in serAddr;
	serAddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
	serAddr.sin_port = htons(514);
	serAddr.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = inet_addr("127.0.0.1")/*INADDR_ANY*/;

	if(bind(serSocket, (sockaddr *)&serAddr, sizeof(serAddr)) == SOCKET_ERROR)
	{
		printf("bind error !");
		closesocket(serSocket);
		return ;
	}

	sockaddr_in remoteAddr;
	int nAddrLen = sizeof(remoteAddr); 
	while (true)
	{
		char recvData[255];  
		int ret = recvfrom(serSocket, recvData, 255, 0, (sockaddr *)&remoteAddr, &nAddrLen);
		if (ret > 0)
		{
			recvData[ret] = 0x00;
			printf("接受到一个连接：%s \r\n", inet_ntoa(remoteAddr.sin_addr));
			printf(recvData);
		}

		//char * sendData = "一个来自服务端的UDP数据包\n";
		//sendto(serSocket, sendData, strlen(sendData), 0, (sockaddr *)&remoteAddr, nAddrLen);
	}

	closesocket(serSocket); 
	WSACleanup();

	return;
}

bool initSocketLib()
{
	WSADATA Data;

	//初始化windows Socket Dll
	int status = WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(1,1),&Data);
	if (0!=status)
	{
		printf(_T("初始化失败\n"));
		return false;
	}

	return true;
}

RemoteUDPServer.cpp

#include <tchar.h> // _T宏
#include <stdio.h>// printf sprintf

#include <iostream>// cout fstream
using namespace std;

// windows socket
#include <winsock.h>
#pragma comment (lib,"ws2_32.lib")

bool initSocketLib();

void main()
{
	if(!initSocketLib())
		return;

	// 初始化本地客户端套接字
	SOCKET serSocket = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, IPPROTO_UDP); 
	if(serSocket == INVALID_SOCKET)
	{
		printf("socket error !");
		return ;
	}

	// "本地"的服务端地址映射（IP:port）
	sockaddr_in serAddr;
	serAddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
	serAddr.sin_port = htons(514);
	serAddr.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = inet_addr("192.168.0.53");// 因为这是远程机器，客户端也不在本机上，所以绑定实际的物理地址

	if(bind(serSocket, (sockaddr *)&serAddr, sizeof(serAddr)) == SOCKET_ERROR)
	{
		printf("bind error !");
		closesocket(serSocket);
		return ;
	}

	sockaddr_in remoteAddr;
	int nAddrLen = sizeof(remoteAddr); 
	while (true)
	{
		char recvData[255];  
		int ret = recvfrom(serSocket, recvData, 255, 0, (sockaddr *)&remoteAddr, &nAddrLen);
		if (ret > 0)
		{
			recvData[ret] = 0x00;
			printf("接受到一个连接：%s \r\n", inet_ntoa(remoteAddr.sin_addr));
			printf(recvData);            
		}

		//char * sendData = "一个来自服务端的UDP数据包\n";
		//sendto(serSocket, sendData, strlen(sendData), 0, (sockaddr *)&remoteAddr, nAddrLen);    

	}

	closesocket(serSocket); 
	WSACleanup();
	return ;

}

bool initSocketLib()
{
	WSADATA Data;

	//初始化windows Socket Dll
	int status = WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(1,1),&Data);
	if (0!=status)
	{
		printf(_T("初始化失败\n"));
		return false;
	}

	return true;
}

LocalUDPClient.cpp

#include <tchar.h> // _T宏
#include <stdio.h>// printf sprintf

#include <iostream>// cout fstream
using namespace std;

// windows socket
#include <winsock.h>
#pragma comment (lib,"ws2_32.lib")

bool initSocketLib();

void main()
{
	if(!initSocketLib())
		return;

	// 初始化本地客户端套接字
	SOCKET sclient = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, IPPROTO_UDP);
	if(sclient == INVALID_SOCKET)
	{
		printf("socket error !");
		return;
	}

	// 本地的服务端地址映射（IP:port）
	sockaddr_in sin;
	sin.sin_family = AF_INET;
	sin.sin_port = htons(514);
	sin.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = inet_addr("127.0.0.1");
	int len = sizeof(sin);

	// 远程的服务端地址映射（IP:port）
	sockaddr_in sinEx;
	sinEx.sin_family = AF_INET;
	sinEx.sin_port = htons(514);
	sinEx.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = inet_addr("192.168.0.53");
	int lenEx = sizeof(sinEx);


	char sendData[512];
	UINT iCount = 0;
	while (true)
	{
		memset(sendData,0,512);
		sprintf(sendData,"client Send %3d\n",iCount++);
		int senRet = sendto(sclient, sendData, strlen(sendData), 0, (sockaddr *)&sin, len);
		if(senRet == SOCKET_ERROR ){
			printf("send is error");
		}
		senRet = sendto(sclient, sendData, strlen(sendData), 0, (sockaddr *)&sinEx, lenEx);
		if(senRet == SOCKET_ERROR ){
			printf("send is error");
		}
		printf(sendData);
		/* 这段注释的代码可以加上，为了理解UDP编程没必要
		char recvData[255];
		int ret = recvfrom(sclient, recvData, 255, 0, (sockaddr *)&sin, &len);
		if(ret > 0)
		{
			recvData[ret] = 0x00;
			printf(recvData);
		}
		*/

		Sleep(1000);// 发的太快也没啥意思
	}

	closesocket(sclient);
	WSACleanup();

	return;
}

bool initSocketLib()
{
	WSADATA Data;

	//初始化windows Socket Dll
	int status = WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(1,1),&Data);
	if (0!=status)
	{
		printf(_T("初始化失败\n"));
		return false;
	}

	return true;
}