相对DirectShow,AviCap算是视频采集框架里面的老前辈了,虽然已经有点力不从心,但对一些要求不高的场合还是很实用的,网上一番搜索之后(借鉴了很多现成的轮子),实现了一个基于AviCap的摄像头采集程序(C sharp实现):
先实现一个CapVideo的类,主要是引入avicap提供的接口,结构体及一些方法的定义
其中主要用到了Avicap32.dll中提供的以下三个函数:
capCreateCaptureWindowA:创建一个视频显示窗口
capGetDriverDescriptionA:获取视频设备描述符
capGetVideoFormat:获取视频格式
public class CapVideo
{
#region DLL Import Method
[DllImport("avicap32.dll")]
public static extern IntPtr capCreateCaptureWindowA(byte[] lpszWindowName, int dwStyle, int x, int y, int nWidth, int nHeight, IntPtr hWndParent, int nID);
[DllImport("avicap32.dll")]
public static extern bool capGetDriverDescriptionA(short wDriver, byte[] lpszName, int cbName, byte[] lpszVer, int cbVer);
[DllImport("avicap32.dll")]
public static extern int capGetVideoFormat(IntPtr hWnd, IntPtr psVideoFormat, int wSize);
[DllImport("User32.dll")]
public static extern bool SendMessage(IntPtr hWnd, int wMsg, bool wParam, int lParam);
[DllImport("User32.dll")]
public static extern bool SendMessage(IntPtr hWnd, int wMsg, short wParam, int lParam);
[DllImport("User32.dll")]
public static extern bool SendMessage(IntPtr hWnd, int wMsg, short wParam, FrameEventHandler lParam);
[DllImport("User32.dll")]
public static extern bool SendMessage(IntPtr hWnd, int wMsg, int wParam, ref BITMAPINFO lParam);
[DllImport("User32.dll")]
public static extern int SetWindowPos(IntPtr hWnd, int hWndInsertAfter, int x, int y, int cx, int cy, int wFlags);
#endregion
#region public const Fields
public const int WM_USER = 0x400;
public const int WS_CHILD = 0x40000000;
public const int WS_VISIBLE = 0x10000000;
public const int SWP_NOMOVE = 0x2;
public const int SWP_NOZORDER = 0x4;
public const int WM_CAP_DRIVER_CONNECT = WM_USER + 10;
public const int WM_CAP_DRIVER_DISCONNECT = WM_USER + 11;
public const int WM_CAP_SET_CALLBACK_FRAME = WM_USER + 5;
public const int WM_CAP_SET_PREVIEW = WM_USER + 50;
public const int WM_CAP_SET_PREVIEWRATE = WM_USER + 52;
public const int WM_CAP_SET_VIDEOFORMAT = WM_USER + 45;
public const int WM_CAP_GRAB_FRAME_NOSTOP = WM_USER + 61;
public const int WM_CAP_GRAB_FRAME = WM_USER + 60;
public const int WM_CAP_FILE_SAVEDIBA = WM_USER + 25;
#endregion
#region Structures
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
public struct VIDEOHDR
{
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.I4)]
public int lpData;
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.I4)]
public int dwBufferLength;
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.I4)]
public int dwBytesUsed;
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.I4)]
public int dwTimeCaptured;
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.I4)]
public int dwUser;
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.I4)]
public int dwFlags;
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst = 4)]
public int[] dwReserved;
}
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
public struct BITMAPINFOHEADER
{
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.I4)]
public Int32 biSize;
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.I4)]
public Int32 biWidth;
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.I4)]
public Int32 biHeight;
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.I2)]
public short biPlanes;
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.I2)]
public short biBitCount;
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.I4)]
public Int32 biCompression;
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.I4)]
public Int32 biSizeImage;
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.I4)]
public Int32 biXPelsPerMeter;
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.I4)]
public Int32 biYPelsPerMeter;
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.I4)]
public Int32 biClrUsed;
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.I4)]
public Int32 biClrImportant;
}
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
public struct BITMAPINFO
{
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Struct, SizeConst = 40)]
public BITMAPINFOHEADER bmiHeader;
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst = 1024)]
public Int32[] bmiColors;
}
#endregion
#region Public Method
public delegate void FrameEventHandler(IntPtr lwnd, IntPtr lpVHdr);
public static object GetStructure(IntPtr ptr, ValueType structure)
{
return Marshal.PtrToStructure(ptr, structure.GetType());
}
public static object GetStructure(int ptr, ValueType structure)
{
return GetStructure(new IntPtr(ptr), structure);
}
public static void Copy(IntPtr ptr, byte[] data)
{
Marshal.Copy(ptr, data, 0, data.Length);
}
public static void Copy(int ptr, byte[] data)
{
Copy(new IntPtr(ptr), data);
}
public static int SizeOf(object structure)
{
return Marshal.SizeOf(structure);
}
#endregion
}
接着实现一个Camera类,主要实现摄像头采集开始,停止,截图等功能。
public class Camera
{
public Camera(IntPtr handle, int width, int height)
{
mControlPtr = handle;
mWidth = width;
mHeight = height;
}
//定义委托
public delegate void RecievedFrameEventHandler(byte[] data);
public event RecievedFrameEventHandler RecievedFrame;
private IntPtr lwndC;
private IntPtr mControlPtr;
private int mWidth;
private int mHeight;
private CapVideo.FrameEventHandler mFrameEventHandler;
#region Camera Operation
//开始采集
public bool StartCamera()
{
byte[] lpszName = new byte[100];
byte[] lpszVer = new byte[100];
//获取设备信息
CapVideo.capGetDriverDescriptionA(0, lpszName, 100, lpszVer, 100);
//创建捕获窗口
this.lwndC = CapVideo.capCreateCaptureWindowA(lpszName, CapVideo.WS_VISIBLE + CapVideo.WS_CHILD, 0, 0, mWidth, mHeight, mControlPtr, 0);
//连接设备
if (this.capDriverConnect(this.lwndC, 0))
{
//设置为预览模式,初始帧率为60
this.capPreview(this.lwndC, true);
this.capPreviewRate(this.lwndC, 60);
//BitMap及其头信息
CapVideo.BITMAPINFO bitmapinfo = new CapVideo.BITMAPINFO();
bitmapinfo.bmiHeader.biSize = CapVideo.SizeOf(bitmapinfo.bmiHeader);
bitmapinfo.bmiHeader.biWidth = 400;
bitmapinfo.bmiHeader.biHeight = 200;
bitmapinfo.bmiHeader.biPlanes = 1;
bitmapinfo.bmiHeader.biBitCount = 24;
//设置视频参数
this.capSetVideoFormat(this.lwndC, ref bitmapinfo, CapVideo.SizeOf(bitmapinfo));
//注册回调
this.mFrameEventHandler = new CapVideo.FrameEventHandler(FrameCallBack);
this.capSetCallbackOnFrame(this.lwndC, this.mFrameEventHandler);
//设置窗口
CapVideo.SetWindowPos(this.lwndC, 0, 0, 0, mWidth, mHeight, 6);
return true;
}
else
{
return false;
}
}
//停止采集
public void CloseCamera()
{
this.capDriverDisconnect(this.lwndC);
}
//快照
public bool SnapShot(string str)
{
bool blRes = CapVideo.SendMessage(this.lwndC, CapVideo.WM_CAP_GRAB_FRAME_NOSTOP, 0, 0);
if ( !blRes )
{
return blRes;
}
IntPtr ptr = Marshal.StringToHGlobalAnsi(str);
return CapVideo.SendMessage(this.lwndC,CapVideo.WM_CAP_FILE_SAVEDIBA,0,ptr.ToInt32());
Marshal.FreeHGlobal(ptr);
}
//收到帧数据时会执行此回调函数
private void FrameCallBack(IntPtr lwnd, IntPtr lpVHdr)
{
CapVideo.VIDEOHDR videoHeader = new CapVideo.VIDEOHDR();
byte[] VideoData;
//获取帧头信息图像数据地址
videoHeader = (CapVideo.VIDEOHDR)CapVideo.GetStructure(lpVHdr, videoHeader);
VideoData = new byte[videoHeader.dwBytesUsed];
//复制图像数据
CapVideo.Copy(videoHeader.lpData, VideoData);
if (this.RecievedFrame != null)
this.RecievedFrame(VideoData);
}
//连接设备
private bool capDriverConnect(IntPtr lwnd, short i)
{
return CapVideo.SendMessage(lwnd, CapVideo.WM_CAP_DRIVER_CONNECT, i, 0);
}
//断开连接
private bool capDriverDisconnect(IntPtr lwnd)
{
return CapVideo.SendMessage(lwnd, CapVideo.WM_CAP_DRIVER_DISCONNECT, 0, 0);
}
//设置为预览模式
private bool capPreview(IntPtr lwnd, bool f)
{
return CapVideo.SendMessage(lwnd, CapVideo.WM_CAP_SET_PREVIEW, f, 0);
}
//设置预览帧率
private bool capPreviewRate(IntPtr lwnd, short wMS)
{
return CapVideo.SendMessage(lwnd, CapVideo.WM_CAP_SET_PREVIEWRATE, wMS, 0);
}
//设置回调函数
private bool capSetCallbackOnFrame(IntPtr lwnd, CapVideo.FrameEventHandler lpProc)
{
return CapVideo.SendMessage(lwnd, CapVideo.WM_CAP_SET_CALLBACK_FRAME, 0, lpProc);
}
//设置视频格式
private bool capSetVideoFormat(IntPtr hCapWnd, ref CapVideo.BITMAPINFO BmpFormat, int CapFormatSize)
{
return CapVideo.SendMessage(hCapWnd, CapVideo.WM_CAP_SET_VIDEOFORMAT, CapFormatSize, ref BmpFormat);
}
#endregion
}
接下来就是演示例子,编写一个简单的WPF程序,利用以上代码实现摄像头采集,运行结果如下,画质不是很清楚,比起摄像头自带的软件,完全下降了两个档次,具体原因有待调查,不过利用AviCap来实现还是很节省资源的,采集时看了下CPU使用率,不超过5%。整个工程已上传至我的资源里,需要参考的朋友可以点击这里下载,另外后续想将摄像头分辨率调节的功能添加进去。