STL deque的使用

简介

Deque是STL所提供的一种序列化容器，能提供随机访问，而且在任一位置进行删除、插入的所需事件为常量，相当于兼顾了vector和list的功能。

代码示例

/*********************/
/* DequeTest.cpp     */
/*********************/
#include <iostream>
#include <deque>
#include <string>

typedef std::deque<int> IntDeque;

// 打印一个deque.
static void PrintIntDeque(IntDeque& intDeque, std::string& strName);

int main(int argc, char * argv[])
{
	int i;

	// 不同构造方式.
	IntDeque deque_1;
	IntDeque deque_2(8, 2);
	IntDeque deque_3(deque_2);
	IntDeque deque_4(deque_3.begin(), deque_3.end());

	std::cout<<"经过不同初始化方式后..."<<std::endl;
	std::string strDeque_1("deque_1");
	std::string strDeque_2("deque_2");
	std::string strDeque_3("deque_3");
	std::string strDeque_4("deque_4");

	// 打印.
	PrintIntDeque(deque_1, strDeque_1);
	PrintIntDeque(deque_2, strDeque_2);
	PrintIntDeque(deque_3, strDeque_3);
	PrintIntDeque(deque_4, strDeque_4);

	std::cout<<std::endl<<"初始化"<<strDeque_1<<"..."<<std::endl;
	for(i=5; i>=0; --i)
	{
		deque_1.push_front(i);
	}
	for(i=6; i<10; ++i)
	{
		deque_1.push_back(i);
	}
	PrintIntDeque(deque_1, strDeque_1);
	
	std::cout<<strDeque_1<<"的首位元素："<<deque_1.front()<<std::endl;
	std::cout<<strDeque_1<<"的末位元素："<<deque_1.back()<<std::endl;

	i = 3;
	std::cout<<strDeque_1<<"的第"<<(i + 1)<<"个元素："<<deque_1.at(i)<<std::endl;
	i = 6;
	std::cout<<strDeque_1<<"的第"<<(i + 1)<<"个元素："<<deque_1.at(i)<<std::endl;

	std::cout<<std::endl<<"弹出"<<strDeque_1<<"的首位元素..."<<std::endl;
	deque_1.pop_front();
	PrintIntDeque(deque_1, strDeque_1);

	std::cout<<std::endl<<"弹出"<<strDeque_1<<"的末位元素..."<<std::endl;
	deque_1.pop_back();
	PrintIntDeque(deque_1, strDeque_1);

	std::cout<<std::endl<<"将"<<strDeque_2<<"的所有元素插入到"<<strDeque_1<<"首部..."<<std::endl;
	deque_1.insert(deque_1.begin(), deque_2.begin(), deque_2.end());
	PrintIntDeque(deque_1, strDeque_1);

	std::cout<<std::endl<<"清空"<<strDeque_1<<"中所有元素..."<<std::endl;
	deque_1.clear();
	PrintIntDeque(deque_1, strDeque_1);
	std::cout<<strDeque_1<<"是否为空："<<deque_1.empty()<<std::endl;

	return 0;
}

void PrintIntDeque(IntDeque& intDeque, std::string& strName)
{
	std::cout<<"["<<strName<<"]: ";

	std::copy(intDeque.begin(), intDeque.end(),
		std::ostream_iterator<int>(std::cout, " "));

	std::cout<<std::endl;
}

运行结果：

==============================End=================================