Oracle 行列转换包括以下六种情况：(四)(五)(六)

4.多行转换成字符串

CREATE TABLE t_row_str(
ID INT,
col VARCHAR2(10));

INSERT INTO t_row_str VALUES(1,'a');
INSERT INTO t_row_str VALUES(1,'b');
INSERT INTO t_row_str VALUES(1,'c');
INSERT INTO t_row_str VALUES(2,'a');
INSERT INTO t_row_str VALUES(2,'d');
INSERT INTO t_row_str VALUES(2,'e');
INSERT INTO t_row_str VALUES(3,'c');
COMMIT;

SELECT * FROM t_row_str;

1) .  MAX + decode : 适用范围：8i,9i,10g及以后版本

SELECT id,
       MAX(decode(rn, 1, col, NULL)) ||
       MAX(decode(rn, 2, ',' || col, NULL)) ||
       MAX(decode(rn, 3, ',' || col, NULL)) str
  FROM (SELECT id,
               col,
               row_number() over(PARTITION BY id ORDER BY col) AS rn
          FROM t_row_str) t
GROUP BY id
ORDER BY 1;

 

2). row_number + lead : 适用范围：8i,9i,10g及以后版本

SELECT id, str
  FROM (SELECT id,
               row_number() over(PARTITION BY id ORDER BY col) AS rn,
               col || lead(',' || col, 1) over(PARTITION BY id ORDER BY col) ||
               lead(',' || col, 2) over(PARTITION BY id ORDER BY col) ||
               lead(',' || col, 3) over(PARTITION BY id ORDER BY col) AS str
          FROM t_row_str)
WHERE rn = 1
ORDER BY 1;

 

3). MODEL: 适用范围：10g及以后版本

SELECT id, substr(str, 2) str FROM t_row_str
MODEL
RETURN UPDATED ROWS
PARTITION BY(ID)
DIMENSION BY(row_number() over(PARTITION BY ID ORDER BY col) AS rn)
MEASURES (CAST(col AS VARCHAR2(20)) AS str)
RULES UPSERT
ITERATE(3) UNTIL( presentv(str[iteration_number+2],1,0)=0)
           (str[0] = str[0] || ',' || str[iteration_number+1])
ORDER BY 1; 

4) . sys_connect_by_path : 适用范围：8i,9i,10g及以后版本

SELECT t.id id, MAX(substr(sys_connect_by_path(t.col, ','), 2)) str
  FROM (SELECT id, col, row_number() over(PARTITION BY id ORDER BY col) rn
          FROM t_row_str) t
START WITH rn = 1
CONNECT BY rn = PRIOR rn + 1
       AND id = PRIOR id
GROUP BY t.id;

 

适用范围：10g及以后版本

SELECT t.id id, substr(sys_connect_by_path(t.col, ','), 2) str
  FROM (SELECT id, col, row_number() over(PARTITION BY id ORDER BY col) rn
          FROM t_row_str) t
WHERE connect_by_isleaf = 1
START WITH rn = 1
CONNECT BY rn = PRIOR rn + 1
       AND id = PRIOR id;

 

 

5) . wmsys.wm_concat:  适用范围：10g及以后版本
这个函数预定义按','分隔字符串，若要用其他符号分隔可以用，replace将','替换。

SELECT id, REPLACE(wmsys.wm_concat(col), ',', '/')
  FROM t_row_str
GROUP BY id;

 

5.字符串转换成多列

其实际上就是一个字符串拆分的问题。

 

CREATE TABLE t_str_col AS
SELECT ID,c1||','||c2||','||c3 AS c123
FROM t_col_str;

SELECT * FROM t_str_col;

 

1). substr + instr : 适用范围：8i,9i,10g及以后版本

SELECT id,
       c123,
       substr(c123, 1, instr(c123 || ',', ',', 1, 1) - 1) c1,
       substr(c123,
              instr(c123 || ',', ',', 1, 1) + 1,
              instr(c123 || ',', ',', 1, 2) - instr(c123 || ',', ',', 1, 1) - 1) c2,
       substr(c123,
              instr(c123 || ',', ',', 1, 2) + 1,
              instr(c123 || ',', ',', 1, 3) - instr(c123 || ',', ',', 1, 2) - 1) c3
  FROM t_str_col
ORDER BY 1;

 

2) .  regexp_substr : 适用范围：10g及以后版本

SELECT id,
       c123,
       rtrim(regexp_substr(c123 || ',', '.*?' || ',', 1, 1), ',') AS c1,
       rtrim(regexp_substr(c123 || ',', '.*?' || ',', 1, 2), ',') AS c2,
       rtrim(regexp_substr(c123 || ',', '.*?' || ',', 1, 3), ',') AS c3
  FROM t_str_col
ORDER BY 1;

 

6.字符串转换成多行

CREATE TABLE t_str_row AS
SELECT id,
       MAX(decode(rn, 1, col, NULL)) ||
       MAX(decode(rn, 2, ',' || col, NULL)) ||
       MAX(decode(rn, 3, ',' || col, NULL)) str
  FROM (SELECT id,
               col,
               row_number() over(PARTITION BY id ORDER BY col) AS rn
          FROM t_row_str) t
GROUP BY id
ORDER BY 1;

 

SELECT * FROM t_str_row;

 

1) . UNION ALL : 适用范围：8i,9i,10g及以后版本

SELECT id, 1 AS p, substr(str, 1, instr(str || ',', ',', 1, 1) - 1) AS cv
FROM t_str_row
UNION ALL
SELECT id,
2 AS p,
substr(str,
instr(str || ',', ',', 1, 1) + 1,
instr(str || ',', ',', 1, 2) - instr(str || ',', ',', 1, 1) - 1) AS cv
FROM t_str_row
UNION ALL
SELECT id,
3 AS p,
substr(str,
instr(str || ',', ',', 1, 1) + 1,
instr(str || ',', ',', 1, 2) - instr(str || ',', ',', 1, 1) - 1) AS cv
FROM t_str_row
ORDER BY 1, 2;

 

适用范围：10g及以后版本

SELECT id, 1 AS p, rtrim(regexp_substr(str||',', '.*?' || ',', 1, 1), ',') AS cv
  FROM t_str_row
UNION ALL
SELECT id, 2 AS p, rtrim(regexp_substr(str||',', '.*?' || ',', 1, 2), ',') AS cv
  FROM t_str_row
UNION ALL
SELECT id, 3 AS p, rtrim(regexp_substr(str||',', '.*?' || ',',1,3), ',') AS cv
  FROM t_str_row
ORDER BY 1, 2;

 

 

2) . VARRAY : 适用范围：8i,9i,10g及以后版本
要创建一个可变数组：

CREATE OR REPLACE TYPE ins_seq_type IS VARRAY(8) OF NUMBER;

SELECT * FROM TABLE(ins_seq_type(1, 2, 3, 4, 5));

SELECT t.id,
       c.column_value AS p,
       substr(t.ca,
              instr(t.ca, ',', 1, c.column_value) + 1,
              instr(t.ca, ',', 1, c.column_value + 1) -
              (instr(t.ca, ',', 1, c.column_value) + 1)) AS cv
  FROM (SELECT id,
               ',' || str || ',' AS ca,
               length(str || ',') - nvl(length(REPLACE(str, ',')), 0) AS cnt
          FROM t_str_row) t
INNER JOIN TABLE(ins_seq_type(1, 2, 3)) c ON c.column_value <=
                                                     t.cnt
ORDER BY 1, 2;

 

 

3). SEQUENCE series : 这类方法主要是要产生一个连续的整数列，产生连续整数列的方法有很多，主要有：
CONNECT BY,ROWNUM+all_objects,CUBE等。适用范围：8i,9i,10g及以后版本

SELECT t.id,
       c.lv AS p,
       substr(t.ca,
              instr(t.ca, ',', 1, c.lv) + 1,
              instr(t.ca, ',', 1, c.lv + 1) -
              (instr(t.ca, ',', 1, c.lv) + 1)) AS cv
  FROM (SELECT id,
               ',' || str || ',' AS ca,
               length(str || ',') - nvl(length(REPLACE(str, ',')), 0) AS cnt
          FROM t_str_row) t,
       (SELECT LEVEL lv FROM dual CONNECT BY LEVEL <= 5) c
WHERE c.lv <= t.cnt
ORDER BY 1, 2;

SELECT t.id,
       c.rn AS p,
       substr(t.ca,
              instr(t.ca, ',', 1, c.rn) + 1,
              instr(t.ca, ',', 1, c.rn + 1) -
              (instr(t.ca, ',', 1, c.rn) + 1)) AS cv
  FROM (SELECT id,
               ',' || str || ',' AS ca,
               length(str || ',') - nvl(length(REPLACE(str, ',')), 0) AS cnt
          FROM t_str_row) t,
       (SELECT rownum rn FROM all_objects WHERE rownum <= 5) c
WHERE c.rn <= t.cnt
ORDER BY 1, 2;

SELECT t.id,
       c.cb AS p,
       substr(t.ca,
              instr(t.ca, ',', 1, c.cb) + 1,
              instr(t.ca, ',', 1, c.cb + 1) -
              (instr(t.ca, ',', 1, c.cb) + 1)) AS cv
  FROM (SELECT id,
               ',' || str || ',' AS ca,
               length(str || ',') - nvl(length(REPLACE(str, ',')), 0) AS cnt
          FROM t_str_row) t,
       (SELECT rownum cb FROM (SELECT 1 FROM dual GROUP BY CUBE(1, 2))) c
WHERE c.cb <= t.cnt
ORDER BY 1, 2;

 

适用范围：10g及以后版本

SELECT t.id,
       c.lv AS p,
       rtrim(regexp_substr(t.str || ',', '.*?' || ',', 1, c.lv), ',') AS cv
  FROM (SELECT id,
               str,
               length(regexp_replace(str || ',', '[^' || ',' || ']', NULL)) AS cnt
          FROM t_str_row) t
INNER JOIN (SELECT LEVEL lv FROM dual CONNECT BY LEVEL <= 5) c ON c.lv <=
                                                                   t.cnt
ORDER BY 1, 2;

 

 

4) .  Hierarchical + DBMS_RANDOM:   适用范围：10g及以后版本

SELECT id,
       LEVEL AS p,
       rtrim(regexp_substr(str || ',', '.*?' || ',', 1, LEVEL), ',') AS cv
  FROM t_str_row
CONNECT BY id = PRIOR id
       AND PRIOR dbms_random.VALUE IS NOT NULL
       AND LEVEL <=
           length(regexp_replace(str || ',', '[^' || ',' || ']', NULL))
ORDER BY 1, 2;

 

5) .  Hierarchical + CONNECT_BY_ROOT :  适用范围：10g及以后版本

SELECT id,
       LEVEL AS p,
       rtrim(regexp_substr(str || ',', '.*?' || ',', 1, LEVEL), ',') AS cv
  FROM t_str_row
CONNECT BY id = connect_by_root id
       AND LEVEL <=
           length(regexp_replace(str || ',', '[^' || ',' || ']', NULL))
ORDER BY 1, 2;

 

 

6). MODEL : 适用范围：10g及以后版本

SELECT id, p, cv FROM t_str_row
MODEL
RETURN UPDATED ROWS
PARTITION BY(ID)
DIMENSION BY( 0 AS p)
MEASURES( str||',' AS cv)
RULES UPSERT
  (cv
   [ FOR p
        FROM 1 TO length(regexp_replace(cv[0],'[^'||','||']',null))
        INCREMENT 1
   ] = rtrim(regexp_substr( cv[0],'.*?'||',',1,cv(p)),','))
ORDER BY 1,2;