Python之 with and as

The ‘with’ and ‘as’ Keywords
Programming is all about getting the computer to do the work. Is there a way to get Python to automatically close our files for us?

Of course there is. This is Python.

You may not know this, but file objects contain a special pair of built-in methods: enter() and exit(). The details aren’t important, but what is important is that when a file object’s exit() method is invoked, it automatically closes the file. How do we invoke this method? With with and as.

The syntax looks like this:

with open(“file”, “mode”) as variable:
# Read or write to the file

with open("text.txt", "w") as textfile:
    textfile.write("Success!")

Case Closed?
Finally, we’ll want a way to test whether a file we’ve opened is closed. Sometimes we’ll have a lot of file objects open, and if we’re not careful, they won’t all be closed. How can we test this?

f = open(“bg.txt”)
f.closed

False

f.close()
f.closed

True

Python file objects have a closed attribute which is True when the file is closed and False otherwise.

By checking file_object.closed, we’ll know whether our file is closed and can call close() on it if it’s still open.

code :

with open ("text.txt","w") as my_file:
    my_file.write ("hello")
if (my_file.closed != "True"):
    my_file.close()
print my_file.closed