时间日期

import pandas as pd
import numpy as np

from datetime import datetime
from datetime import timedelta

now = datetime.now()

now

datetime.datetime(2019, 11, 30, 17, 47, 19, 223904)

now.year, now.month, now.day

(2019, 11, 30)

date1 = datetime(2016,4,20)
date2 = datetime(2016,4,16)

delta = date1 - date2
delta

datetime.timedelta(4)

delta.days

4

delta.total_seconds()

345600.0

date2 + delta

datetime.datetime(2016, 4, 20, 0, 0)

date2 + timedelta(4.5)

datetime.datetime(2016, 4, 20, 12, 0)

date = datetime(2016,3,20,8,30)
date

datetime.datetime(2016, 3, 20, 8, 30)

str(date)

'2016-03-20 08:30:00'

date.strftime("%Y/%m/%d %H:%M:%S")

'2016/03/20 08:30:00'

date.strftime("%y/%m/%d %H:%M:%S")

'16/03/20 08:30:00'

dates = [datetime(2016,3,1),datetime(2016,3,2),datetime(2016,3,3),datetime(2016,3,4)]

s = pd.Series(np.random.randn(4),index=dates)
s

2016-03-01    0.377868
2016-03-02   -0.291103
2016-03-03    1.100151
2016-03-04    0.684838
dtype: float64

type(s.index)

pandas.tseries.index.DatetimeIndex

pd.date_range("20160320","20160330")

DatetimeIndex(['2016-03-20', '2016-03-21', '2016-03-22', '2016-03-23',
               '2016-03-24', '2016-03-25', '2016-03-26', '2016-03-27',
               '2016-03-28', '2016-03-29', '2016-03-30'],
              dtype='datetime64[ns]', freq='D')

pd.date_range("20160320",periods=10)

DatetimeIndex(['2016-03-20', '2016-03-21', '2016-03-22', '2016-03-23',
               '2016-03-24', '2016-03-25', '2016-03-26', '2016-03-27',
               '2016-03-28', '2016-03-29'],
              dtype='datetime64[ns]', freq='D')

pd.date_range("20160320 16:32:38",periods=10)

DatetimeIndex(['2016-03-20 16:32:38', '2016-03-21 16:32:38',
               '2016-03-22 16:32:38', '2016-03-23 16:32:38',
               '2016-03-24 16:32:38', '2016-03-25 16:32:38',
               '2016-03-26 16:32:38', '2016-03-27 16:32:38',
               '2016-03-28 16:32:38', '2016-03-29 16:32:38'],
              dtype='datetime64[ns]', freq='D')

pd.date_range("20160320 16:32:38",periods=10,normalize=True)

DatetimeIndex(['2016-03-20', '2016-03-21', '2016-03-22', '2016-03-23',
               '2016-03-24', '2016-03-25', '2016-03-26', '2016-03-27',
               '2016-03-28', '2016-03-29'],
              dtype='datetime64[ns]', freq='D')

pd.date_range(start="20160320",periods=10)

DatetimeIndex(['2016-03-20', '2016-03-21', '2016-03-22', '2016-03-23',
               '2016-03-24', '2016-03-25', '2016-03-26', '2016-03-27',
               '2016-03-28', '2016-03-29'],
              dtype='datetime64[ns]', freq='D')

pd.date_range(start="20160320",periods=10,freq="M")

DatetimeIndex(['2016-03-31', '2016-04-30', '2016-05-31', '2016-06-30',
               '2016-07-31', '2016-08-31', '2016-09-30', '2016-10-31',
               '2016-11-30', '2016-12-31'],
              dtype='datetime64[ns]', freq='M')

pd.date_range(start="20160320",periods=10,freq="W")

DatetimeIndex(['2016-03-20', '2016-03-27', '2016-04-03', '2016-04-10',
               '2016-04-17', '2016-04-24', '2016-05-01', '2016-05-08',
               '2016-05-15', '2016-05-22'],
              dtype='datetime64[ns]', freq='W-SUN')

pd.date_range(start="20160320",periods=10,freq="BM")#每个月的最后一个工作日

DatetimeIndex(['2016-03-31', '2016-04-29', '2016-05-31', '2016-06-30',
               '2016-07-29', '2016-08-31', '2016-09-30', '2016-10-31',
               '2016-11-30', '2016-12-30'],
              dtype='datetime64[ns]', freq='BM')

pd.date_range(start="20160320",periods=10,freq="4H")

DatetimeIndex(['2016-03-20 00:00:00', '2016-03-20 04:00:00',
               '2016-03-20 08:00:00', '2016-03-20 12:00:00',
               '2016-03-20 16:00:00', '2016-03-20 20:00:00',
               '2016-03-21 00:00:00', '2016-03-21 04:00:00',
               '2016-03-21 08:00:00', '2016-03-21 12:00:00'],
              dtype='datetime64[ns]', freq='4H')

p = pd.Period(2010)
p

Period('2010', 'A-DEC')

p + 2

Period('2012', 'A-DEC')

p = pd.Period(2010,freq="M")
p

Period('2010-01', 'M')

p + 2

Period('2010-03', 'M')

pd.period_range("2016-01",periods=10,freq="M")

PeriodIndex(['2016-01', '2016-02', '2016-03', '2016-04', '2016-05', '2016-06',
             '2016-07', '2016-08', '2016-09', '2016-10'],
            dtype='period[M]', freq='M')

pd.period_range("2016-01","2016-12",freq="M")

PeriodIndex(['2016-01', '2016-02', '2016-03', '2016-04', '2016-05', '2016-06',
             '2016-07', '2016-08', '2016-09', '2016-10', '2016-11', '2016-12'],
            dtype='period[M]', freq='M')

pd.period_range("2016Q1",periods=10,freq="Q")

PeriodIndex(['2016Q1', '2016Q2', '2016Q3', '2016Q4', '2017Q1', '2017Q2',
             '2017Q3', '2017Q4', '2018Q1', '2018Q2'],
            dtype='period[Q-DEC]', freq='Q-DEC')

a = pd.Period(2016)
a

Period('2016', 'A-DEC')

a.asfreq("M")

Period('2016-12', 'M')

a.asfreq("M",how="start")

Period('2016-01', 'M')

p = pd.Period("2016-04",freq="M")
p

Period('2016-04', 'M')

p.asfreq("A-DEC")

Period('2016', 'A-DEC')

p = pd.Period("2016Q4","Q-JAN")
p

Period('2016Q4', 'Q-JAN')

p.asfreq("M",how="start"),p.asfreq("M",how="end")

(Period('2015-11', 'M'), Period('2016-01', 'M'))

#获取该季度倒数第二个工作日下午4点20分
(p.asfreq("B")-1).asfreq("T")+ 16*60+20

Period('2016-01-29 16:19', 'T')