可视化

最新推荐文章于 2022-08-04 01:35:45 发布

sara686

最新推荐文章于 2022-08-04 01:35:45 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/sara686/article/details/103343544

版权

这篇博客深入探讨了数据可视化的实践，通过一系列图表展示如何有效地传达复杂数据信息。从柱状图、折线图到热力图，作者详细解释了各种图表的适用场景和制作技巧。此外，还展示了如何利用可视化工具提升数据分析效率，帮助读者更好地理解数据背后的故事。

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%matplotlib inline
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np

ts = pd.Series(np.random.randn(1000),index=pd.date_range("2000/1/1",periods=1000))
ts = ts.cumsum()
ts.describe()

count    1000.000000
mean        2.404469
std         8.794434
min       -18.258983
25%        -3.691859
50%         1.319232
75%         9.123154
max        24.196742
dtype: float64

ts.plot(title="cumsum");

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ts.plot(title="cumsum",linestyle="--",color="r");

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ts.plot(title="cumsum",linestyle="-",color="r");

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ts.plot(title="cumsum",linestyle="--",color="r",figsize=(8,6));

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df = pd.DataFrame(np.random.randn(1000,4),index=ts.index,columns=list("ABCD"))
df = df.cumsum()
df.describe()

	A	B	C	D
count	1000.000000	1000.000000	1000.000000	1000.000000
mean	22.119156	14.926277	9.414753	4.509253
std	14.346089	16.009237	10.039461	9.378749
min	-1.148053	-16.072356	-17.017132	-15.367764
25%	9.589624	-2.476822	3.285152	-2.849600
50%	16.723110	23.477262	9.601450	4.185689
75%	34.131792	28.588720	15.053845	12.145347
max	51.009279	39.013864	34.634503	24.344564

df.plot()

<matplotlib.axes._subplots.AxesSubplot at 0x1da370746a0>

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df.plot(subplots=True,figsize=(12,6))

array([<matplotlib.axes._subplots.AxesSubplot object at 0x000001DA3741BE48>,
       <matplotlib.axes._subplots.AxesSubplot object at 0x000001DA35EF40F0>,
       <matplotlib.axes._subplots.AxesSubplot object at 0x000001DA37182B70>,
       <matplotlib.axes._subplots.AxesSubplot object at 0x000001DA37143A58>], dtype=object)

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df.plot(subplots=True,figsize=(12,6),sharey=True)

array([<matplotlib.axes._subplots.AxesSubplot object at 0x000001DA37504E80>,
       <matplotlib.axes._subplots.AxesSubplot object at 0x000001DA375CB240>,
       <matplotlib.axes._subplots.AxesSubplot object at 0x000001DA376340F0>,
       <matplotlib.axes._subplots.AxesSubplot object at 0x000001DA37687BA8>], dtype=object)

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df["ID"] = np.arange(len(df))
df.describe()

	A	B	C	D	ID
count	1000.000000	1000.000000	1000.000000	1000.000000	1000.000000
mean	22.119156	14.926277	9.414753	4.509253	499.500000
std	14.346089	16.009237	10.039461	9.378749	288.819436
min	-1.148053	-16.072356	-17.017132	-15.367764	0.000000
25%	9.589624	-2.476822	3.285152	-2.849600	249.750000
50%	16.723110	23.477262	9.601450	4.185689	499.500000
75%	34.131792	28.588720	15.053845	12.145347	749.250000
max	51.009279	39.013864	34.634503	24.344564	999.000000

df.plot(x="ID",y=["A","C"])

<matplotlib.axes._subplots.AxesSubplot at 0x1da376c23c8>

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df = pd.DataFrame(np.random.rand(10,4),columns=["A","B","C","D"])
df

	A	B	C	D
0	0.444503	0.678882	0.711676	0.872925
1	0.225838	0.493789	0.538784	0.542961
2	0.420330	0.524319	0.508846	0.473383
3	0.331996	0.091940	0.994004	0.853556
4	0.870556	0.029855	0.780878	0.644138
5	0.690174	0.237141	0.863693	0.435956
6	0.683366	0.643239	0.560769	0.666324
7	0.290208	0.216607	0.258622	0.166087
8	0.405044	0.410000	0.177204	0.408454
9	0.992154	0.240551	0.015421	0.108396

df.ix[0].plot(kind="bar")

<matplotlib.axes._subplots.AxesSubplot at 0x1da379dd668>

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df.plot.bar()

<matplotlib.axes._subplots.AxesSubplot at 0x1da37a1b320>

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df.plot.bar(stacked=True)

<matplotlib.axes._subplots.AxesSubplot at 0x1da37c1e4a8>

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df.plot.barh(stacked=True)

<matplotlib.axes._subplots.AxesSubplot at 0x1da37d892b0>

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df = pd.DataFrame({"a":np.random.randn(1000)+1,"b":np.random.randn(1000),
                  "c":np.random.randn(1000)-1},columns = ["a","b","c"])
df

	a	b	c
0	1.508528	0.404443	-0.534487
1	0.370418	1.160731	-0.217312
2	1.058697	-0.027429	-2.066464
3	1.063785	-0.144785	-0.923300
4	1.132479	0.486729	-0.115393
5	2.092360	-0.752528	-1.924127
6	0.153165	-0.340198	-0.233272
7	2.418608	1.408432	-0.687934
8	0.373591	-0.418594	-0.658360
9	2.532213	-2.359132	-0.368593
10	0.613558	-1.450630	-0.674410
11	2.343465	2.872800	-1.575740
12	-0.189745	-1.741091	-2.991217
13	2.340176	-0.419048	-1.078283
14	1.337136	-0.407258	-0.567033
15	1.069504	-0.447810	-0.480902
16	1.232424	-0.042300	-2.126393
17	1.370300	0.103638	-2.782600
18	0.170293	0.502030	-1.879367
19	0.935425	1.412264	-2.285003
20	-0.473395	1.218304	-1.218603
21	0.411539	1.510731	-0.926930
22	2.017115	1.144694	-0.870550
23	3.316523	-0.113644	-2.162518
24	3.876220	-0.203869	-0.882337
25	0.656042	-0.068283	-2.105597
26	0.536914	0.336117	-1.387146
27	0.676582	0.070966	-2.408016
28	2.113552	-1.540061	0.260771
29	1.893816	-0.578299	-2.246309
...	...	...	...
970	1.379514	-0.321317	0.026253
971	1.067649	0.231581	-3.067849
972	1.810218	2.071032	-2.139325
973	0.403939	-1.042608	-1.383304
974	0.644215	1.513606	-0.905781
975	-0.264936	-0.190200	-1.493029
976	1.630804	-0.107588	-2.895967
977	0.652293	0.262708	0.888875
978	1.690942	0.772953	-0.464693
979	2.511817	-1.230557	-2.211896
980	0.450269	-2.237094	0.999156
981	1.001377	0.639334	-2.622172
982	1.981327	1.319141	-1.578372
983	1.792229	0.334895	-0.446803
984	2.534870	1.592219	-1.873945
985	0.793888	-0.424491	-1.172793
986	0.019910	0.539585	-0.293116
987	0.091286	0.983900	1.619152
988	0.419100	0.439740	-2.630594
989	-0.412020	1.299779	-3.382575
990	0.613458	0.292738	0.018183
991	0.896996	-1.173539	-0.891172
992	1.977623	-1.110332	-1.626624
993	2.272282	-0.766354	-1.083257
994	0.749779	-0.291405	-1.987565
995	2.277932	-0.712442	-0.899629
996	1.753836	0.034022	-1.778725
997	1.154649	-0.214109	-0.713381
998	0.986608	1.141246	-1.220707
999	0.709445	-0.386841	-2.335145

1000 rows × 3 columns

df["a"].hist()

<matplotlib.axes._subplots.AxesSubplot at 0x1da37dcee48>

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df["a"].hist(bins=20)

<matplotlib.axes._subplots.AxesSubplot at 0x1da37f56e48>

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df.plot.hist(subplots=True,sharex=True,sharey=True);

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df.plot.hist(subplots=True,sharex=True,sharey=True,bins=50);

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df.plot.hist()

<matplotlib.axes._subplots.AxesSubplot at 0x1da3960bd68>

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df.plot.hist(alpha=0.3,stacked=True)

<matplotlib.axes._subplots.AxesSubplot at 0x1da3934e978>

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df["a"].plot.kde()

<matplotlib.axes._subplots.AxesSubplot at 0x1da3934ec88>

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df.plot.kde()

<matplotlib.axes._subplots.AxesSubplot at 0x1da396c0d30>

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df = pd.DataFrame(np.random.rand(10,4),columns=["a","b","c","d"])
df

	a	b	c	d
0	0.052313	0.737960	0.094644	0.203991
1	0.150894	0.770775	0.818311	0.671610
2	0.325081	0.411734	0.459532	0.500127
3	0.617931	0.200129	0.518897	0.265602
4	0.540213	0.751956	0.871670	0.617191
5	0.088829	0.749235	0.302258	0.933861
6	0.743885	0.218309	0.490508	0.676424
7	0.666910	0.308370	0.426399	0.534198
8	0.459697	0.920216	0.545206	0.976506
9	0.683433	0.613651	0.212320	0.421099

df.plot.scatter(x="a",y="b");

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s = pd.Series(3*np.random.rand(4),index=["a","b","c","d"],name="series")
s

a    0.462121
b    1.574970
c    1.784554
d    0.822887
Name: series, dtype: float64

s.plot.pie(figsize=(6,6))

<matplotlib.axes._subplots.AxesSubplot at 0x1da39bc4048>

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s.plot.pie(figsize=(6,6),autopct="%0.2f",fontsize=20,colors=["r","g","b","c"])

<matplotlib.axes._subplots.AxesSubplot at 0x1da39f8dcc0>

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