mysql修改数据库字符集

mysql> show variables like 'collation_%';
+----------------------+-------------------+
| Variable_name        | Value             |
+----------------------+-------------------+
| collation_connection | gb2312_chinese_ci |
| collation_database   | gb2312_chinese_ci |
| collation_server     | gb2312_chinese_ci |
+----------------------+-------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql>  show variables like 'character_set_%';
+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------+
| Variable_name            | Value                                     |
+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------+
| character_set_client     | gb2312                                    |
| character_set_connection | gb2312                                    |
| character_set_database   | gb2312                                    |
| character_set_filesystem | binary                                    |
| character_set_results    | gb2312                                    |
| character_set_server     | gb2312                                    |
| character_set_system     | utf8                                      |
| character_sets_dir       | E:\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.1\share\charsets\ |
+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> set character_set_client=utf8;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> set character_set_connection=utf8;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql>  set character_set_database=utf8;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> set character_set_results=utf8;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> set character_set_server=utf8;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

mysql> set character_set_system=utf8;
ERROR 1238 (HY000): Variable 'character_set_system' is a read only variable
mysql> set collation_connection=utf8;
ERROR 1273 (HY000): Unknown collation: 'utf8'
mysql>  show variables like 'character_set_%';
+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------+
| Variable_name            | Value                                     |
+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------+
| character_set_client     | utf8                                      |
| character_set_connection | utf8                                      |
| character_set_database   | utf8                                      |
| character_set_filesystem | binary                                    |
| character_set_results    | utf8                                      |
| character_set_server     | utf8                                      |
| character_set_system     | utf8                                      |
| character_sets_dir       | E:\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.1\share\charsets\ |
+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> set collation_database=utf8;
ERROR 1273 (HY000): Unknown collation: 'utf8'
mysql> set collation_database=utf8_general_ci;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> set collation_database=utf8_general_ci;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> set collation_server=utf8_general_ci;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql>  show variables like 'collation_%';
+----------------------+-----------------+
| Variable_name        | Value           |
+----------------------+-----------------+
| collation_connection | utf8_general_ci |
| collation_database   | utf8_general_ci |
| collation_server     | utf8_general_ci |
+----------------------+-----------------+
3 rows in set (0.02 sec)