linux 利用yum源安装mysql5.7

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-07 15:41:04 发布

sayyy

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-07 15:41:04 发布

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分类专栏： mysql linux 软件安装

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/sayyy/article/details/102366712

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前言

CentOS 7
MySQL 5.7
查找mysql源 http://repo.mysql.com

步骤

添加mysql源

shell> rpm -ivh http://repo.mysql.com/mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm
Retrieving http://repo.mysql.com/mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm
Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
   1:mysql57-community-release-el7-10 ################################# [100%]

注：卸载mysql源 rpm -e --nodeps mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch

查看mysql源中的mysql版本

shell> yum info mysql-community-server
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Installed Packages
Name        : mysql-community-server
Arch        : x86_64
Version     : 5.7.27
Release     : 1.el7
Size        : 746 M
Repo        : installed
From repo   : mysql57-community
Summary     : A very fast and reliable SQL database server
URL         : http://www.mysql.com/
License     : Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights
            : reserved. Under GPLv2 license as shown in the Description field.
Description : The MySQL(TM) software delivers a very fast, multi-threaded,
            : multi-user, and robust SQL (Structured Query Language) database
            : server. MySQL Server is intended for mission-critical, heavy-load
            : production systems as well as for embedding into mass-deployed
            : software. MySQL is a trademark of Oracle and/or its affiliates
            :
            : The MySQL software has Dual Licensing, which means you can use the
            : MySQL software free of charge under the GNU General Public License
            : (http://www.gnu.org/licenses/). You can also purchase commercial
            : MySQL licenses from Oracle and/or its affiliates if you do not
            : wish to be bound by the terms of the GPL. See the chapter
            : "Licensing and Support" in the manual for further info.
            :
            : The MySQL web site (http://www.mysql.com/) provides the latest
            : news and information about the MySQL software.  Also please see
            : the documentation and the manual for more information.
            :
            : This package includes the MySQL server binary as well as related
            : utilities to run and administer a MySQL server.

安装mysql
```
shell> yum install mysql-server
```
启动mysql
```
shell> systemctl start mysqld
```

查看mysql是否启动

shell> ps -ef | grep mysql
mysql    26517     1  0 13:13 ?        00:00:00 /usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
root     26578 25533  0 13:13 pts/1    00:00:00 grep --color=auto mysql

或

shell> netstat -tlnp | grep mysql
tcp6       0      0 :::3306                 :::*                    LISTEN      26517/mysqld

设置root账户密码
因为mysql5.7为了安全性的考虑，在安装的时候随机生成了一个初始密码，放在/var/log/mysqld.log文件中。查询/var/log/mysqld.log文件中的初始密码。
```
cat /var/log/mysqld.log | grep password
----------------------------------------
2019-10-08T03:17:09.602477Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: ,MuwPzvkf0;y
```
初始密码为：,MuwPzvkf0;y
修改root密码为：root
```
mysql -uroot -p,MuwPzvkf0;y
mysql> set password=password('root');
----------------------------------------
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
```
在重新设置密码的时候，如果密码强度不够高，会提示不安全，需要重新设置。像root，123456都无法设置了。

MySQL5.6.6版本之后增加了密码强度验证插件validate_password，相关参数设置的较为严格。使用了该插件会检查设置的密码是否符合当前设置的强度规则，若不满足则拒绝设置。影响的语句和函数有：create user,grant,set password,password(),old password。

测试时为了方便，确需设置简单密码时，可以参考 mysql5.7修改root密码进行设置。
也可以参考：https://blog.csdn.net/u014236541/article/details/78244601和https://www.cnblogs.com/ivictor/p/5142809.html

进入mysql

shell> mysql -uroot -proot
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.7.27 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> use mysql;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed
mysql> show tables;
+---------------------------+
| Tables_in_mysql           |
+---------------------------+
| columns_priv              |
| db                        |
| engine_cost               |
| event                     |
| func                      |
| general_log               |
| gtid_executed             |
| help_category             |
| help_keyword              |
| help_relation             |
| help_topic                |
| innodb_index_stats        |
| innodb_table_stats        |
| ndb_binlog_index          |
| plugin                    |
| proc                      |
| procs_priv                |
| proxies_priv              |
| server_cost               |
| servers                   |
| slave_master_info         |
| slave_relay_log_info      |
| slave_worker_info         |
| slow_log                  |
| tables_priv               |
| time_zone                 |
| time_zone_leap_second     |
| time_zone_name            |
| time_zone_transition      |
| time_zone_transition_type |
| user                      |
+---------------------------+
31 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> quit
Bye

设置mysql数据编码格式为utf8。

编辑my.cnf

shell> vi /etc/my.cnf

在my.cnf中修改内容

[mysqld]
character_set_server=utf8

重启mysql后，登录mysql查看设置结果：

mysql> SHOW VARIABLES WHERE Variable_name LIKE 'character\_set\_%' OR Variable_name LIKE 'collation%';

+--------------------------+-----------------+
| Variable_name            | Value           |
+--------------------------+-----------------+
| character_set_client     | utf8            |
| character_set_connection | utf8            |
| character_set_database   | utf8            |
| character_set_filesystem | binary          |
| character_set_results    | utf8            |
| character_set_server     | utf8            |
| character_set_system     | utf8            |
| collation_connection     | utf8_general_ci |
| collation_database       | utf8_general_ci |
| collation_server         | utf8_general_ci |
+--------------------------+-----------------+
10 rows in set (0.01 sec)

执行mysql_secure_installation
安装完mysql-server后，进入生产环境之前，一定要运行一次mysql_secure_installation。运行mysql_secure_installation会执行几个设置：
- 为root用户设置密码
- 删除匿名账号
- 取消root用户远程登录
- 删除test库和对test库的访问权限
- 刷新授权表使修改生效
参考：MySQL----mysql_secure_installation 安全配置向导
匿名账户参考：https://www.cnblogs.com/wzzkaifa/p/7000808.html