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屏幕尺寸
我们熟知的iPhone系列开发尺寸概要如下:
△ iPhone各机型的开发尺寸
转化成我们熟知的像素尺寸:
△ 每个机型的多维度尺寸
倍图其实就是像素尺寸和开发尺寸的倍率关系,但这只是外在的表现。倍图核心的影响因素在于PPI(DPI),了解屏幕密度与各尺寸的关系有助于我们深度理解倍率的概念:《基础知识学起来!为设计师量身打造的DPI指南》
iPhone8在本次升级中,屏幕尺寸和分辨率都遗传了iPhone6以后的优良传统;
然而iPhone X 无论是在屏幕尺寸、分辨率、甚至是形状上都发生了较大的改变,下面以iPhone 8作为参照物,看看到底iPhone X的适配我们要怎么考虑。
我们看看iPhone X尺寸上的变化:
2. iPhoneX的适配---安全区域(safe area)
苹果对于 iPhone X 的设计布局意见如下:
核心内容应该处于 Safe area 确保不会被设备圆角(corners),传感器外壳(sensor housing,齐刘海) 以及底部的 Home Indicator 遮挡。也就是说 我们设计显示的内容应该尽可能的在安全区域内;
3. iPhoneX的适配---适配方案viewport-fit
3.1 PhoneX的适配,在iOS 11中采用了viewport-fit的meta标签作为适配方案;viewport-fit的默认值是auto。
viewport-fit取值如下:
auto | 默认:viewprot-fit:contain;页面内容显示在safe area内 |
cover | viewport-fit:cover,页面内容充满屏幕 |
viewport-fit meta标签设置(cover时)
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0, minimum-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0, user-scalable=no, viewport-fit=cover">
3.2 css constant()函数 与safe-area-inset-top & safe-area-inset-left & safe-area-inset-right & safe-area-inset-bottom的介绍
如上图所示 在iOS 11中的WebKit包含了一个新的CSS函数constant(),以及一组四个预定义的常量:safe-area-inset-left, safe-area-inset-right, safe-area-inset-top和 safe-area-inset-bottom。当合并一起使用时,允许样式引用每个方面的安全区域的大小。
3.1当我们设置viewport-fit:contain,也就是默认的时候时;设置safe-area-inset-left, safe-area-inset-right, safe-area-inset-top和 safe-area-inset-bottom等参数时不起作用的。
3.2当我们设置viewport-fit:cover时:设置如下
![复制代码](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/9fafc5631ba1215db74dcb775c5144aa.png)
body {
padding-top: constant(safe-area-inset-top); //为导航栏+状态栏的高度 88px
padding-left: constant(safe-area-inset-left); //如果未竖屏时为0
padding-right: constant(safe-area-inset-right); //如果未竖屏时为0
padding-bottom: constant(safe-area-inset-bottom);//为底下圆弧的高度 34px
}
![复制代码](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/9fafc5631ba1215db74dcb775c5144aa.png)
4. iPhoneX的适配---高度统计
viewport-fit:cover + 导航栏
5.iPhoneX的适配---媒体查询
注意这里采用的是690px(safe area高度),不是812px;
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@media only
screen
and (
width
:
375px
) and (
height
:
690px
){
body {
background
:
blue
;
}
}
|
6.iphoneX viewport-fit 问题总结
1.关于iphoneX 页面使用了渐变色时;如果viewport-fit:cover;
1.1在设置了背景色单色和渐变色的区别,如果是单色时会填充整个屏幕,如果设置了渐变色 那么只会更加子元素的高度去渲染;而且页面的高度只有690px高度,上面使用了padding-top:88px;
body固定为:
1
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<
body
><
div
class="content">this is subElement</
div
></
body
>
|
1.单色时:
![复制代码](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/9fafc5631ba1215db74dcb775c5144aa.png)
* {
padding: 0;
margin: 0;
}
body {
background:green;
padding-top: constant(safe-area-inset-top); //88px
/*padding-left: constant(safe-area-inset-left);*/
/*padding-right: constant(safe-area-inset-right);*/
/*padding-bottom: constant(safe-area-inset-bottom);*/
}
![复制代码](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/9fafc5631ba1215db74dcb775c5144aa.png)
2.渐变色
![复制代码](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/9fafc5631ba1215db74dcb775c5144aa.png)
* {
padding: 0;
margin: 0;
}
body {
background:-webkit-gradient(linear, 0 0, 0 bottom, from(#ffd54f), to(#ffaa22));
padding-top: constant(safe-area-inset-top); //88px
/*padding-left: constant(safe-area-inset-left);*/
/*padding-right: constant(safe-area-inset-right);*/
/*padding-bottom: constant(safe-area-inset-bottom);*/
}
![复制代码](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/9fafc5631ba1215db74dcb775c5144aa.png)
解决使用渐变色 仍旧填充整个屏幕的方法;CSS设置如下
![复制代码](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/9fafc5631ba1215db74dcb775c5144aa.png)
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta name="viewport" content="initial-scale=1, viewport-fit=cover">
<title>Designing Websites for iPhone X: Respecting the safe areas</title>
<style> * {
padding: 0;
margin: 0;
}
html, body {
height: 100%;
}
body {
padding-top: constant(safe-area-inset-top);
padding-left: constant(safe-area-inset-left);
padding-right: constant(safe-area-inset-right);
padding-bottom: constant(safe-area-inset-bottom);
}
.content {
background: -webkit-gradient(linear, 0 0, 0 bottom, from(#ffd54f), to(#ffaa22));
width: 100%;
height: 724px;
} </style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="content">this is subElement</div>
</body>
</html>
![复制代码](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/9fafc5631ba1215db74dcb775c5144aa.png)
2.页面元素使用了固定定位的适配即:{position:fixed;}
2.1 子元素页面固定在底部时;使用viewport-fit:contain时;可以看到bottom:0时只会显示在安全区域内;
![复制代码](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/9fafc5631ba1215db74dcb775c5144aa.png)
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta name="viewport" content="initial-scale=1">
<!--<meta name="viewport" content="initial-scale=1, viewport-fit=cover">-->
<title>Designing Websites for iPhone X: Respecting the safe areas</title>
<style>
* {
padding: 0;
margin: 0;
}
/*html,body {*/
/*height: 100%;*/
/*}*/
body {
background: grey;
/*padding-top: constant(safe-area-inset-top);*/
/*padding-left: constant(safe-area-inset-left);*/
/*padding-right: constant(safe-area-inset-right);*/
/*padding-bottom: constant(safe-area-inset-bottom);*/
}
.top {
width: 100%;
height: 44px;
background: purple;
}
.bottom {
position: fixed;
bottom: 0;
left: 0;
right: 0;
height: 44px;
color: black;
background: green;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="top">this is top</div>
<div class="bottom">this is bottom</div>
</body>
</html>
![复制代码](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/9fafc5631ba1215db74dcb775c5144aa.png)
2.1 子元素页面固定在底部时;使用viewport-fit:cover时;可以看到bottom:0时只会显示在安全区域内;
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* {
padding: 0;
margin: 0;
}
/*html,body {*/
/*height: 100%;*/
/*}*/
body {
background: grey;
padding-top: constant(safe-area-inset-top);
/*padding-left: constant(safe-area-inset-left);*/
/*padding-right: constant(safe-area-inset-right);*/
/*padding-bottom: constant(safe-area-inset-bottom);*/
}
.top {
width: 100%;
height: 44px;
background: purple;
}
.bottom {
position: fixed;
bottom: 0;
left: 0;
right: 0;
height: 44px;
color: black;
background: green;
}
|
添加html,body {width:100%;heigth:100%}
图1:
![复制代码](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/9fafc5631ba1215db74dcb775c5144aa.png)
* {
padding: 0;
margin: 0;
}
html,body {
height: 100%;
}
body {
background: grey;
padding-top: constant(safe-area-inset-top);
padding-left: constant(safe-area-inset-left);
padding-right: constant(safe-area-inset-right);
padding-bottom: constant(safe-area-inset-bottom);
}
.top {
width: 100%;
height: 44px;
background: purple;
}
.bottom {
position: fixed;
bottom: 0;
left: 0;
right: 0;
height: 44px;
color: black;
background: green;
}
![复制代码](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/9fafc5631ba1215db74dcb775c5144aa.png)
图2:
![复制代码](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/9fafc5631ba1215db74dcb775c5144aa.png)
* {
padding: 0;
margin: 0;
}
html,body {
height: 100%;
}
body {
background: grey;
padding-top: constant(safe-area-inset-top);
padding-left: constant(safe-area-inset-left);
padding-right: constant(safe-area-inset-right);
/*padding-bottom: constant(safe-area-inset-bottom);*/
}
.top {
width: 100%;
height: 44px;
background: purple;
}
.bottom {
position: fixed;
bottom: 0;
left: 0;
right: 0;
height: 44px;
color: black;
background: green;
}
![复制代码](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/9fafc5631ba1215db74dcb775c5144aa.png)
2.3 关于alertView弹框 遮罩层的解决方案
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/cdebde966fc3736bebdccd7daf2768a6.png)
![复制代码](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/9fafc5631ba1215db74dcb775c5144aa.png)
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<!--<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, minimum-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0, user-scalable=no">-->
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0, minimum-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0, user-scalable=no, viewport-fit=cover">
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
<title>alertView</title>
<script data-res="eebbk">
document.documentElement.style.fontSize = window.screen.width / 7.5 + 'px';
</script>
<style>
* {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
}
html,body {
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
}
body {
font-size: 0.32rem;
padding-top: constant(safe-area-inset-top);
padding-left: constant(safe-area-inset-left);
padding-right: constant(safe-area-inset-right);
padding-bottom: constant(safe-area-inset-bottom);
}
.content {
text-align: center;
}
.testBut {
margin: 50px auto;
width: 100px;
height: 44px;
border: 1px solid darkgray;
outline:none;
user-select: none;
background-color: yellow;
}
</style>
<link href="alertView.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
</head>
<body>
<section class="content">
<button class="testBut" onclick="showLoading()">弹框加载</button>
</section>
<script type="text/javascript" src="alertView.js"></script>
<script>
function showLoading() {
UIAlertView.show({
type:"input",
title:"温馨提示", //标题
content:"VIP会员即将到期", //获取新的
isKnow:false
});
var xx = new UIAlertView();
console.log(xx);
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
![复制代码](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/9fafc5631ba1215db74dcb775c5144aa.png)