使用JCaptcha工具包生成验证码
JCaptcha 官网地址 http://forge.octo.com/jcaptcha/confluence/display/general/Home
引入Lib包 (包括一些依赖包commons-collections等 )
从Servlet看起
<!-- 验证码Servlet --> <servlet> <servlet-name>jcaptcha</servlet-name> <servlet-class>com.ighost.cms.common.checkcode.ImageCaptchaServlet</servlet-class> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>jcaptcha</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/CheckCode.svl</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping>
package com.ighost.cms.common.checkcode;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage; import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream; import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletConfig; import javax.servlet.ServletException; import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.springframework.web.context.WebApplicationContext; import org.springframework.web.context.support.WebApplicationContextUtils;
import com.octo.captcha.service.CaptchaServiceException; import com.octo.captcha.service.image.ImageCaptchaService; import com.sun.image.codec.jpeg.JPEGCodec; import com.sun.image.codec.jpeg.JPEGImageEncoder;
/** * 验证码生成Servlet * @author ghost * */ @SuppressWarnings("serial") public class ImageCaptchaServlet extends HttpServlet {
//验证码生成类 private ImageCaptchaService imageCaptchaService; //Spring中的配置名称 private String beanName = "imageCaptchaService"; /** * 初始化ImageCaptchaService 对象 */ @Override public void init(ServletConfig config) throws ServletException { System.out.println("servlet init is in"); super.init(config); WebApplicationContext context = WebApplicationContextUtils .getWebApplicationContext(config.getServletContext()); imageCaptchaService = (ImageCaptchaService)context.getBean(beanName,ImageCaptchaService.class); } @Override protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException { byte[] captchaChallengeAsJpeg = null; // the output stream to render the captcha image as jpeg into ByteArrayOutputStream jpegOutputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream(); try { // get the session id that will identify the generated captcha. // the same id must be used to validate the response, the session id // is a good candidate! String captchaId = req.getSession().getId(); // call the ImageCaptchaService getChallenge method BufferedImage challenge = imageCaptchaService .getImageChallengeForID(captchaId, req.getLocale());
// a jpeg encoder JPEGImageEncoder jpegEncoder = JPEGCodec .createJPEGEncoder(jpegOutputStream); jpegEncoder.encode(challenge); } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) { resp.sendError(HttpServletResponse.SC_NOT_FOUND); return; } catch (CaptchaServiceException e) { resp.sendError(HttpServletResponse.SC_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR); return; }
captchaChallengeAsJpeg = jpegOutputStream.toByteArray();
// flush it in the response resp.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-store"); resp.setHeader("Pragma", "no-cache"); resp.setDateHeader("Expires", 0); resp.setContentType("image/jpeg"); ServletOutputStream responseOutputStream = resp.getOutputStream(); responseOutputStream.write(captchaChallengeAsJpeg); responseOutputStream.flush(); responseOutputStream.close(); }
}
Servlet中需要的类在Bean中的配置
<!-- 验证码生成器 --> <bean id="fastHashMapCaptchaStore" class="com.octo.captcha.service.captchastore.FastHashMapCaptchaStore"/> <bean id="captchaEngineEx" class="com.ighost.cms.common.checkcode.CaptchaEngineEx"/> <bean id="imageCaptchaService" class="com.ighost.cms.common.checkcode.CaptchaService"> <constructor-arg type="com.octo.captcha.service.captchastore.CaptchaStore" index="0"> <ref bean="fastHashMapCaptchaStore"/> </constructor-arg> <constructor-arg type="com.octo.captcha.engine.CaptchaEngine" index="1"> <ref bean="captchaEngineEx"/> </constructor-arg> <constructor-arg index="2"> <value>180</value> </constructor-arg> <constructor-arg index="3"> <value>100000</value> </constructor-arg> <constructor-arg index="4"> <value>75000</value> </constructor-arg> </bean>
具体完成生成的类
package com.ighost.cms.common.checkcode;
import com.octo.captcha.engine.CaptchaEngine; import com.octo.captcha.service.captchastore.CaptchaStore; import com.octo.captcha.service.image.DefaultManageableImageCaptchaService;
/* * 自定义的验证码生成器 */ public class CaptchaService extends DefaultManageableImageCaptchaService {
public CaptchaService(){ super(); } /** * @param minSeconds * @param maxStoreSize 最大缓存大小 * @param loadBefore */ public CaptchaService(int minSeconds, int maxStoreSize, int loadBefore){ super(minSeconds, maxStoreSize, loadBefore); } public CaptchaService(CaptchaStore captchaStore, CaptchaEngine captchaEngine, int minSeconds, int maxStroreSize, int loadBefore){ super(captchaStore, captchaEngine, minSeconds, maxStroreSize, loadBefore); } /** * 重写验证方法 * 掩盖异常 当出现异常时判定为验证失败 */ @Override public Boolean validateResponseForID(String ID, Object response) { Boolean isHuman; try{ isHuman = super.validateResponseForID(ID, response); } catch(Exception e){ isHuman = false; } return isHuman; } }
package com.ighost.cms.common.checkcode;
import java.awt.Color;
import com.octo.captcha.component.image.backgroundgenerator.BackgroundGenerator; import com.octo.captcha.component.image.backgroundgenerator.GradientBackgroundGenerator; import com.octo.captcha.component.image.color.SingleColorGenerator; import com.octo.captcha.component.image.fontgenerator.FontGenerator; import com.octo.captcha.component.image.fontgenerator.RandomFontGenerator; import com.octo.captcha.component.image.textpaster.DecoratedRandomTextPaster; import com.octo.captcha.component.image.textpaster.TextPaster; import com.octo.captcha.component.image.textpaster.textdecorator.BaffleTextDecorator; import com.octo.captcha.component.image.textpaster.textdecorator.TextDecorator; import com.octo.captcha.component.image.wordtoimage.ComposedWordToImage; import com.octo.captcha.component.image.wordtoimage.WordToImage; import com.octo.captcha.component.word.wordgenerator.RandomWordGenerator; import com.octo.captcha.component.word.wordgenerator.WordGenerator; import com.octo.captcha.engine.image.ListImageCaptchaEngine; import com.octo.captcha.image.gimpy.GimpyFactory;
/** * 自定义的验证码生成引擎 * @author ghost * */ public class CaptchaEngineEx extends ListImageCaptchaEngine {
/** * 生成验证码的具体方法 */ @Override protected void buildInitialFactories() { //验证码的最小长度 Integer minAcceptedWordLength = new Integer(4); //验证码的最大长度 Integer maxAcceptedWordLength = new Integer(5); //验证码图片的高度宽度设定 Integer imageHeight = new Integer(40); Integer imageWidth = new Integer(100); //验证码中显示的字体大小 Integer minFontSize = new Integer(20); Integer maxFontSize = new Integer(22); //随机字符生成 //abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz WordGenerator wordGenerator = new RandomWordGenerator("0123456789"); //背景颜色随机生成 BackgroundGenerator backgroundGenerator = new GradientBackgroundGenerator( imageWidth, imageHeight, Color.white,Color.white); //字体随机生成 FontGenerator fontGenerator = new RandomFontGenerator(minFontSize, maxFontSize); //验证码的颜色 SingleColorGenerator singleColor = new SingleColorGenerator(Color.blue); BaffleTextDecorator baffleTextDecorator = new BaffleTextDecorator(1, Color.white); //可以创建多个 //LineTextDecorator lineTextDecorator = new LineTextDecorator(1, Color.blue); //TextDecorator[] textDecorator = new TextDecorator[2]; //textDecorator[0] = lineTextDecorator; TextDecorator[] textDecorator = new TextDecorator[1]; textDecorator[0] = baffleTextDecorator; TextPaster textPaster = new DecoratedRandomTextPaster( minAcceptedWordLength, maxAcceptedWordLength, singleColor,textDecorator); //生成图片输出 WordToImage wordToImage = new ComposedWordToImage( fontGenerator, backgroundGenerator, textPaster); addFactory(new GimpyFactory(wordGenerator, wordToImage)); }
}
最后在jsp页面中只需使用如下调用即可
<img id="checkcode" alt="看不清,点击换一张" src="../CheckCode.svl" border="1px" οnclick="this.src='../CheckCode.svl?date=' + new Date().getTime()">