1. select ……
SELECT 1;
SELECT 9/2;
2. SELECT … FROM
SELECT 标识选择哪些列
FROM 标识从哪个表中选择
SELECT *
FROM departments;
SELECT department_id, location_id
FROM departments;
3. 列的别名
- 紧跟列名,也可以在列名和别名之间加入关键字AS,别名使用双引号,以便在别名中包含空格或特殊的字符并区分大小写。AS 可以省略
- 只能在 Order by 语句中, 不能使用在Where语句中。
SELECT last_name AS name, commission_pct comm
FROM employees;
4. 去除重复行
SELECT DISTINCT department_id
FROM employees;
5. 空值参与运算
SELECT employee_id,salary,commission_pct,
12 * salary * (1 + IFNULL(commission_pct,0)) "annual_sal"
FROM employees;
6. 显示表结构
DESCRIBE employees;
或
DESC employees;
6. 着重号
SELECT * FROM `ORDER`
7. 过滤查询
SELECT 字段1,字段2
FROM 表名
WHERE 过滤条件
SELECT employee_id, last_name, job_id, department_id
FROM employees
WHERE department_id = 90 ;