以前用ThreadLocal用的比较少,今天在看以前的代码的时候,发现有个类里面的方法里面使用了公共的静态变量,而且有很多类都引用了这个方法。由于这个变量不是final的,是动态赋值的,所以在多线程的情况下可能会引起问题。因为要改造这个方法的这个变量问题,所以我想到了ThreadLocal,并对ThreadLocal进行了一次实验,通过实验,对ThreadLocal有了一次比较深刻的认识。在此把代码贴出来,跟各位共同学习一下。
public class Test { public static ThreadLocal<String> threadLocal = new ThreadLocal<String>(); private static final long waitTime = 3000L; public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { Thread.sleep(60000); Thread thread1 = new Thread(new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()); threadLocal.set(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"----111111111"); try { Thread.sleep(waitTime); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } User user = new User("张三"); user.say(); } }); Thread thread2 = new Thread(new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()); threadLocal.set(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"----22222222"); try { Thread.sleep(waitTime); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } User user = new User("李四"); user.say(); } }); Thread thread3 = new Thread(new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()); threadLocal.set(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"----3333333333"); try { Thread.sleep(waitTime); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } User user1 = new User("王五"); user1.say(); User user2 = new User("赵六"); user2.say(); } }); thread1.start(); thread2.start(); thread3.start(); Thread thread4 = new Thread(new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()); threadLocal.set(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"----4444444444"); try { Thread.sleep(waitTime); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } new Thread(new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { User user1 = new User("宋八1"); user1.say(); threadLocal.set(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"----5555555555"); User user2 = new User("宋八2"); user2.say(); } }).start(); new Thread(new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { User user1 = new User("钱九1"); user1.say(); threadLocal.set(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"----666666666666666"); User user2 = new User("钱九2"); user2.say(); } }).start(); } }); thread4.start(); Thread.sleep(60000); }
}
public class User { private String name; public User(){ super(); } public User(String name){ this.name = name; } public void say(){ System.out.println(name + " say:" + Test.threadLocal.get()); }
}
结果输出如下:
Thread-2
Thread-3
Thread-4
Thread-5
张三 say:Thread-2----111111111
李四 say:Thread-3----22222222
王五 say:Thread-4----3333333333
赵六 say:Thread-4----3333333333
钱九1 say:null
钱九2 say:Thread-7----666666666666666
宋八1 say:null
宋八2 say:Thread-6----5555555555
做一下说明:
我创建了四个主线程,每个线程内部对ThreadLocal变量进行赋值,并在主线程内创建User对象,User对象会输出ThreadLocal的值。通过结果可以看出:
1、各个线程内部的ThreadLocal是不相互影响的,并且主线程与子线程是不相互影响的。
2、同一个线程内容,不同对象获取的同一个ThreadLocal对象是一样的。
3、子线程是无法获取到主线程的ThreadLocal值的
通过以上试验,我还进行一下内存的监测,发现一个线程调用结束之后,会进行对象的回收。如图:
通过
以上的试验,希望对大家理解和使用ThreadLocal能有所帮助。