同事的一些测试结果看来,Jackson在处理Json方面性能相对占优,于是关注了下它,下方大部分从官方文档翻译过来。
原文链接:
http://jackson.codehaus.org/Tutorial
Jackson有三种处理方式:
Streaming API
- 使用org.codehaus.jackson.JsonParser 进行读操作 , 使用org.codehaus.jackson.JsonGenerator 写操作
- Jackson Streaming API有点类似 Stax API
数据绑定 它允许我们把Json转换成Java对象,也可以把Java对象转换成Json对象
- org.codehaus.jackson.map.ObjectMapper 知道如何把Json数据绑定成为(或者映射回)Java对象
树模型 通过进驻内存的树形结构来方便的访问Json数据
- 和数据绑定方式类似,树模型也使用了 org.codehaus.jackson.map.ObjectMapper进行Json数据和Java对象的绑定;只是树形结构由 org.codehaus.jackson.map.JsonNode节点组成
从使用的角度看,上述三种方式可以归纳为 :
- Streaming API是性能最优的(开销最小,最快的读写速度) 注:在我看来,操作最随心所欲的
- 数据绑定是最方便使用的
- 树形模型又是最灵活的
Java类:
- public class User {
- public enum Gender { MALE, FEMALE };
- public static class Name {
- private String _first, _last;
- public String getFirst() { return _first; }
- public String getLast() { return _last; }
- public void setFirst(String s) { _first = s; }
- public void setLast(String s) { _last = s; }
- }
- private Gender _gender;
- private Name _name;
- private boolean _isVerified;
- private byte[] _userImage;
- public Name getName() { return _name; }
- public boolean isVerified() { return _isVerified; }
- public Gender getGender() { return _gender; }
- public byte[] getUserImage() { return _userImage; }
- public void setName(Name n) { _name = n; }
- public void setVerified(boolean b) { _isVerified = b; }
- public void setGender(Gender g) { _gender = g; }
- public void setUserImage(byte[] b) { _userImage = b; }
- }
public class User {
public enum Gender { MALE, FEMALE };
public static class Name {
private String _first, _last;
public String getFirst() { return _first; }
public String getLast() { return _last; }
public void setFirst(String s) { _first = s; }
public void setLast(String s) { _last = s; }
}
private Gender _gender;
private Name _name;
private boolean _isVerified;
private byte[] _userImage;
public Name getName() { return _name; }
public boolean isVerified() { return _isVerified; }
public Gender getGender() { return _gender; }
public byte[] getUserImage() { return _userImage; }
public void setName(Name n) { _name = n; }
public void setVerified(boolean b) { _isVerified = b; }
public void setGender(Gender g) { _gender = g; }
public void setUserImage(byte[] b) { _userImage = b; }
}
JSon数据:
- {
- "name" : { "first" : "Joe", "last" : "Sixpack" },
- "gender" : "MALE",
- "verified" : false,
- "userImage" : "Rm9vYmFyIQ=="
- }
{
"name" : { "first" : "Joe", "last" : "Sixpack" },
"gender" : "MALE",
"verified" : false,
"userImage" : "Rm9vYmFyIQ=="
}
Streaming API (这部分我比较关注,就先翻译下)比数据绑定的方式会快20%到30%
写操作:
- JsonFactory f = new JsonFactory();
- JsonGenerator g = f.createJsonGenerator(new File("user.json"));
- g.writeStartObject();
- g.writeObjectFieldStart("name");
- g.writeStringField("first", "Joe");
- g.writeStringField("last", "Sixpack");
- g.writeEndObject(); // for field 'name'
- g.writeStringField("gender", Gender.MALE);
- g.writeBooleanField("verified", false);
- g.writeFieldName("userImage"); // no 'writeBinaryField' (yet?)
- byte[] binaryData = ...;
- g.writeBinary(binaryData);
- g.writeEndObject();
JsonFactory f = new JsonFactory();
JsonGenerator g = f.createJsonGenerator(new File("user.json"));
g.writeStartObject();
g.writeObjectFieldStart("name");
g.writeStringField("first", "Joe");
g.writeStringField("last", "Sixpack");
g.writeEndObject(); // for field 'name'
g.writeStringField("gender", Gender.MALE);
g.writeBooleanField("verified", false);
g.writeFieldName("userImage"); // no 'writeBinaryField' (yet?)
byte[] binaryData = ...;
g.writeBinary(binaryData);
g.writeEndObject();
读操作:
- ReadJSON.java
- JsonFactory f = new JsonFactory();
- JsonParser jp = f.createJsonParser(new File("user.json"));
- User user = new User();
- jp.nextToken(); // will return JsonToken.START_OBJECT (verify?)
- while (jp.nextToken() != JsonToken.END_OBJECT) {
- String fieldname = jp.getCurrentName();
- jp.nextToken(); // move to value, or START_OBJECT/START_ARRAY
- if ("name".equals(fieldname)) { // contains an object
- Name name = new Name();
- while (jp.nextToken() != JsonToken.END_OBJECT) {
- String namefield = jp.getCurrentName();
- jp.nextToken(); // move to value
- if ("first".equals(namefield)) {
- name.setFirst(jp.getText());
- } else if ("last".equals(namefield)) {
- name.setLast(jp.getText());
- } else {
- throw new IllegalStateException("Unrecognized field '"+fieldname+"'!");
- }
- }
- user.setName(name);
- } else if ("gender".equals(fieldname)) {
- user.setGender(Gender.valueOf(jp.getText()));
- } else if ("verified".equals(fieldname)) {
- user.setVerified(jp.getCurrentToken() == JsonToken.VALUE_TRUE);
- } else if ("userImage".equals(fieldname)) {
- user.setUserImage(jp.getBinaryValue());
- } else {
- throw new IllegalStateException("Unrecognized field '"+fieldname+"'!");
- }
- }
ReadJSON.java
JsonFactory f = new JsonFactory();
JsonParser jp = f.createJsonParser(new File("user.json"));
User user = new User();
jp.nextToken(); // will return JsonToken.START_OBJECT (verify?)
while (jp.nextToken() != JsonToken.END_OBJECT) {
String fieldname = jp.getCurrentName();
jp.nextToken(); // move to value, or START_OBJECT/START_ARRAY
if ("name".equals(fieldname)) { // contains an object
Name name = new Name();
while (jp.nextToken() != JsonToken.END_OBJECT) {
String namefield = jp.getCurrentName();
jp.nextToken(); // move to value
if ("first".equals(namefield)) {
name.setFirst(jp.getText());
} else if ("last".equals(namefield)) {
name.setLast(jp.getText());
} else {
throw new IllegalStateException("Unrecognized field '"+fieldname+"'!");
}
}
user.setName(name);
} else if ("gender".equals(fieldname)) {
user.setGender(Gender.valueOf(jp.getText()));
} else if ("verified".equals(fieldname)) {
user.setVerified(jp.getCurrentToken() == JsonToken.VALUE_TRUE);
} else if ("userImage".equals(fieldname)) {
user.setUserImage(jp.getBinaryValue());
} else {
throw new IllegalStateException("Unrecognized field '"+fieldname+"'!");
}
}
数据绑定:
- //读
- ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper(); // can reuse, share globally
- User user = mapper.readValue(new File("user.json"), User.class);
- //写
- mapper.writeValue(<SPAN class=code-keyword>new</SPAN>
- File(<SPAN class=code-quote>"user-modified.json"</SPAN>
- ), user);
//读
ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper(); // can reuse, share globally
User user = mapper.readValue(new File("user.json"), User.class);
//写
mapper.writeValue(new
File("user-modified.json"
), user);
无类型的数据绑定:
- HashMap<String,Object> untyped = new HashMap<String,Object>();
- HashMap<String,String> nameStruct = new HashMap<String,String>();
- nameStruct.put("first", "Joe");
- nameStruct.put("last", "Sixpack");
- untyped.put("name", nameStruct);
- untyped.put("gender", "MALE");
- untyped.put("verified", Boolean.FALSE);
- untyped.put("userImage", "Rm9vYmFyIQ==");
HashMap<String,Object> untyped = new HashMap<String,Object>();
HashMap<String,String> nameStruct = new HashMap<String,String>();
nameStruct.put("first", "Joe");
nameStruct.put("last", "Sixpack");
untyped.put("name", nameStruct);
untyped.put("gender", "MALE");
untyped.put("verified", Boolean.FALSE);
untyped.put("userImage", "Rm9vYmFyIQ==");
树模型:
可以使用Stream API或者数据绑定的方式写或者ObjectMapper读取树树结构
ObjectMapper的方式:
- ObjectMapper m = new ObjectMapper();
- // can either use mapper.readTree(JsonParser), or bind to JsonNode
- JsonNode rootNode = m.readValue(new File("user.json"), JsonNode.class);
- // ensure that "last name" isn't "Xmler"; if is, change to "Jsoner"
- JsonNode nameNode = rootNode.path("name");
- String lastName = nameNode.path("last").getTextValue().
- if ("xmler".equalsIgnoreCase(lastName)) {
- ((ObjectNode)nameNode).put("last", "Jsoner");
- }
- // and write it out:
- m.writeValue(new File("user-modified.json"), rootNode);
ObjectMapper m = new ObjectMapper();
// can either use mapper.readTree(JsonParser), or bind to JsonNode
JsonNode rootNode = m.readValue(new File("user.json"), JsonNode.class);
// ensure that "last name" isn't "Xmler"; if is, change to "Jsoner"
JsonNode nameNode = rootNode.path("name");
String lastName = nameNode.path("last").getTextValue().
if ("xmler".equalsIgnoreCase(lastName)) {
((ObjectNode)nameNode).put("last", "Jsoner");
}
// and write it out:
m.writeValue(new File("user-modified.json"), rootNode);
绝招:可以在JsonParser和JsonGenerator中直接使用数据绑定或者树模型的方式的,看一下以下方法就知道怎么用了
- JsonParser.readValueAs()
- JsonParser.readValueAsTree()
- JsonGenerator.writeObject()
- JsonGenerator.writeTree()