RHCE131 Lecture 8 Additional Storage

/dev/hda      挂载到  ide0     master 

         hdb       slave

         hdc        ide1   master

         hdd        ide2   slave

 

sfdisk -d /dev/sda >/tem/partitions.sda      备份分区表 

 

sfdisk /dev/sda < /tep/partitions.sda    还原分区表

 

fdisk -l /dev/sda     进行分区  

 

Disk /dev/sda: 320.0 GB, 320072933376 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 38913 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   * (启动)          1          13      104391   83  Linux
/dev/sda2              14        2308    18434587+  8e  Linux LVM
/dev/sda3            2309        2373      522112+  82  Linux swap / Solaris
[root@station3 misc]#

 

df -h |grep boot   查找引导区 

 

block =1k or 4k (format)

 

fdisk /dev/sda

Command (m for help): m

Command action
   a   toggle a bootable flag
   b   edit bsd disklabel
   c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
   d   delete a partition
   l   list known partition types
   m   print this menu
   n   add a new partition
   o   create a new empty DOS partition table
   p   print the partition table 
   q   quit without saving changes
   s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
   t   change a partition's system id
   u   change display/entry units
   v   verify the partition table
   w   write table to disk and exit
   x   extra functionality (experts only)

 

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sda: 320.0 GB, 320072933376 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 38913 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *           1          13      104391   83  Linux
/dev/sda2              14        2308    18434587+  8e  Linux LVM
/dev/sda3            2309        2373      522112+  82  Linux swap / Solaris

 

Command action
   e   extended
   p   primary partition (1-4)
e
Selected partition 4
First cylinder (2374-38913, default 2374):
Using default value 2374
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (2374-38913, default 38913):
Using default value 38913

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sda: 320.0 GB, 320072933376 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 38913 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *           1          13      104391   83  Linux
/dev/sda2              14        2308    18434587+  8e  Linux LVM
/dev/sda3            2309        2373      522112+  82  Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda4            2374       38913   293507550    5  Extended

 

Command (m for help): n
First cylinder (2374-38913, default 2374):
Using default value 2374
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (2374-38913, default 38913): +10G

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sda: 320.0 GB, 320072933376 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 38913 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *           1          13      104391   83  Linux
/dev/sda2              14        2308    18434587+  8e  Linux LVM
/dev/sda3            2309        2373      522112+  82  Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda4            2374       38913   293507550    5  Extended
/dev/sda5            2374        3590     9775521   83  Linux

 

partprobe   (重新加载)

 

cat /proc/partitons

 

mkfs -t ext3 -L /dev/sda5

mkfs.ext3 /dev/sda5

mke2fs /dev/sda5  ext2     (mke2fs -j /dev/sda5  ext3)

 

mount /dev/sda5 /mnt

 

mount /dev/sda5 /mnt

cd /mnt

ll

 

mkfs.ext3 /dev/sda5 -L /data0

 

e2label /dev/sda1

 

e2label /dev/sda1 test01

 

mount LABEL=test01 /mnt

 

vim /etc/fstab  编辑卷标文件 

 

mount -o ro /etc/sda5 /mnt   默认 读

 

mount -o noexec /dev/sda5 /mnt   默认无法执行

 

mount -o remount /dev/sda5

 

mount -o remount,exec,nosuid /dev/sda5 

 

vim /etc/fstab

 

/dev/sda5   /mnt   ext3   defaulds.acl   0 0

 

 

－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－

mount -o remount /dev/sda5 

 

mount -a  自动挂载 

 

question: 

1.建立容量为2G的分区。卷标为 data_test 并挂载到 /data.test 目录 

 

2.设定卷标 data.test 分区 ， 的挂载选项加上 acl  和 noatime  并使其开机自动有效 .

 

kill -9

fuser -v /data_test

 

fuser -k /data_test

 

dumpe2fs /dev/sda5 | less    查询硬盘信息

 

tune2fs -o acl /dev/sda5

 

tune2fs -l /dev/sda5 |grep optins

 

(blkid | grep sda5 )

 

setfacl -m u:user1:rwm .......

 

blkid     列出所有文件系统

 

 

findfs LABEL=/data.test

 

free -m  查询交换分区 

 

dd if=/dev/zero of=/swapfile1 bs=1M count=512

 

dd = data dump  

 

mkswap /swapfile1  

 

vim /etc/fscab 

 

/swapfile1    swap   swap  defaults   0 0

 

swapon -a

 

swapon -s 

 

free -m

 

 

mkswap /dev/sda7 -L SWAP-sda7

vim /etc/fstab 

swapom -a

swapon -s

swapoff  /dev/sda

 

question :

1.增加交换空间到1G

2. 增加交换空间到2G

 

LABEL=SWAP-sda7       swap    swap  defaults   0  0