Ioc中装配bean的几种方式

装配方式有如下几种：一：属性注入

                                       二：构造方法注入

                                       三：工厂方法注入

优缺点：构造方法注入可以保证属性在bean实例化时就设置好，不需要为每个属性提供setter方法；多个构造函数让配置文件复杂；不利于继承和扩展；有时候会造成循环依赖；属性太多，构造函数复杂，可读性差；对于一个全新的应用来说不推荐使用工厂方式，因为还需要添加工厂类；所以建议使用属性注入方式；

         此外，如果想要在singleton 的bean中获取 prototype 类型的bean，则需要lookup方法注入，详细见点击打开链接；如果bean的实例化过程比较复杂，通过配置就不是很方便， spring提供了FactoryBean<T>类，该接口中定义了 T getObject()方法，返回自定义实例化的bean，如果希望得到spring提供的实例化bean,则可以通过getBean("&beanId")获取；

举例：将下面三个类按照三种不同的方式装配到容器中

package com.yaspeed.spring.bean.assembly;

public class Iphone7{
	private String name;
	private int price;
	private int contain;
	public Iphone7(){
		System.out.println("调用构造函数Iphone7()...");
	}
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	public int getPrice() {
		return price;
	}
	public void setPrice(int price) {
		this.price = price;
	}
	public int getContain() {
		return contain;
	}
	public void setContain(int contain) {
		this.contain = contain;
	}
	
	

}

package com.yaspeed.spring.bean.assembly;

public class Iphone7Plus{
	private String name;
	private int price;
	private int contain;
	public Iphone7Plus(){
		System.out.println("调用构造函数Iphone7()...");
	}
	
	public Iphone7Plus(String name, int price, int contain) {
		super();
		this.name = name;
		this.price = price;
		this.contain = contain;
	}

	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	public int getPrice() {
		return price;
	}
	public void setPrice(int price) {
		this.price = price;
	}
	public int getContain() {
		return contain;
	}
	public void setContain(int contain) {
		this.contain = contain;
	}
	
	

}

package com.yaspeed.spring.bean.assembly;

public class Iphone7s{
	private String name;
	private int price;
	private int contain;
	public Iphone7s(){
		System.out.println("调用构造函数Iphone7s()...");
	}
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	public int getPrice() {
		return price;
	}
	public void setPrice(int price) {
		this.price = price;
	}
	public int getContain() {
		return contain;
	}
	public void setContain(int contain) {
		this.contain = contain;
	}
	
	

}

下面是配置文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

	<!-- 属性装配bean -->
	<bean id="iphone7" class="com.yaspeed.spring.bean.assembly.Iphone7" scope="singleton">
		<property name="name" value="iphone7"></property>
		<property name="price" value="7188"></property>
		<property name="contain" value="128"></property>
	</bean>
	<!-- <bean id="iphone7" class="com.yaspeed.spring.bean.cycle.Iphone7" scope="singleton" 
		 p:name="iphone7" p:price="7188">
	</bean> -->
	<!-- 构造装配bean -->
	<bean id="iphone7Plus" class="com.yaspeed.spring.bean.assembly.Iphone7Plus">
		<constructor-arg  value="iphone7Plus" index="0" type="java.lang.String"></constructor-arg>
		<!-- type不要写成java.lang.Integer -->
		<constructor-arg  value="7188" index="1" type="int"></constructor-arg>
		<constructor-arg  value="128" index="2" type="int"></constructor-arg>
	</bean>
	<!-- 工厂方法装备bean -->
	 <!-- 非静态方法装配bean -->
	<bean id="phoneFactory" class="com.yaspeed.spring.bean.assembly.PhoneFactory"></bean>
	<bean id="iphone7s" factory-bean="phoneFactory" factory-method="createIphone7s"></bean>
	<!-- 静态方法装配bean -->
	<!-- <bean id="iphone7s" class="com.yaspeed.spring.bean.assembly.PhoneFactory" factory-method="createIphone7sStatic"></bean> -->


</beans>

测试方法：

package com.yaspeed.spring.bean.assembly;

import org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class Main {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		
		//测试Ioc容器装配bean的几种方式
		AbstractApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("bean-assembly.xml");
		Iphone7 iphone7 =(Iphone7)ctx.getBean("iphone7");
		System.out.println(iphone7.getName());
		Iphone7Plus iphone7Plus =(Iphone7Plus)ctx.getBean("iphone7Plus");
		System.out.println(iphone7Plus.getName());
		Iphone7s iphone7s =(Iphone7s)ctx.getBean("iphone7s");
		System.out.println(iphone7s.getName());
		
	}
}