Scrapy 使用笔记之twisted语法错误问题

第一次使用Scrapy就遇到了一个twisted语法错误问题，按理说其实不应该这样，下面记录详细的过程和解决方法

环境：windows10+Python3.7

1、创建scrapy项目

D:\PythonWorkerspace>scrapy startproject xdb
New Scrapy project 'xdb', using template directory 'c:\\python3.7\\lib\\site-packages\\scrapy\\templates\\project', created in:
    D:\PythonWorkerspace\xdb

You can start your first spider with:
    cd xdb
    scrapy genspider example example.com
 

2、创建spider

D:\PythonWorkerspace>cd xdb

D:\PythonWorkerspace\xdb>dir
 驱动器 D 中的卷是 新加卷
 卷的序列号是 90B7-EFCF

 D:\PythonWorkerspace\xdb 的目录

2018/10/13  06:29    <DIR>          .
2018/10/13  06:29    <DIR>          ..
2018/10/13  06:29               249 scrapy.cfg
2018/10/13  06:29    <DIR>          xdb
               1 个文件            249 字节
               3 个目录 16,750,272,512 可用字节

D:\PythonWorkerspace\xdb>scrapy genspider chouti  dig.chouti.com
Created spider 'chouti' using template 'basic' in module:
  xdb.spiders.chouti

D:\PythonWorkerspace\xdb>scrapy genspider cnblogs cnblogs.com
Created spider 'cnblogs' using template 'basic' in module:
  xdb.spiders.cnblogs

3、编写爬虫代码

因为是第一次使用爬虫，所以在这里的parse方法里只写了一行代码：
 

print('aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa')

 

3、启动spider

在项目根目录下输入scrapy crawl chouti启动这个爬虫

D:\PythonWorkerspace\xdb>scrapy crawl chouti
2018-10-13 07:13:46 [scrapy.utils.log] INFO: Scrapy 1.5.1 started (bot: xdb)
2018-10-13 07:13:46 [scrapy.utils.log] INFO: Versions: lxml 4.2.5.0, libxml2 2.9.7, cssselect 1.0.3, parsel 1.5.0, w3lib 1.19.0
, Twisted 18.7.0, Python 3.7.0 (v3.7.0:1bf9cc5093, Jun 27 2018, 04:06:47) [MSC v.1914 32 bit (Intel)], pyOpenSSL 18.0.0 (OpenSS
L 1.1.0i  14 Aug 2018), cryptography 2.3.1, Platform Windows-10-10.0.17134-SP0
2018-10-13 07:13:46 [scrapy.crawler] INFO: Overridden settings: {'BOT_NAME': 'xdb', 'NEWSPIDER_MODULE': 'xdb.spiders', 'ROBOTST
XT_OBEY': True, 'SPIDER_MODULES': ['xdb.spiders']}
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "c:\python3.7\lib\runpy.py", line 193, in _run_module_as_main
    "__main__", mod_spec)
  File "c:\python3.7\lib\runpy.py", line 85, in _run_code
    exec(code, run_globals)
  File "C:\Python3.7\Scripts\scrapy.exe\__main__.py", line 9, in <module>
  File "c:\python3.7\lib\site-packages\scrapy\cmdline.py", line 150, in execute
    _run_print_help(parser, _run_command, cmd, args, opts)
  File "c:\python3.7\lib\site-packages\scrapy\cmdline.py", line 90, in _run_print_help
    func(*a, **kw)
  File "c:\python3.7\lib\site-packages\scrapy\cmdline.py", line 157, in _run_command
    cmd.run(args, opts)
  File "c:\python3.7\lib\site-packages\scrapy\commands\crawl.py", line 57, in run
    self.crawler_process.crawl(spname, **opts.spargs)
  File "c:\python3.7\lib\site-packages\scrapy\crawler.py", line 170, in crawl
    crawler = self.create_crawler(crawler_or_spidercls)
  File "c:\python3.7\lib\site-packages\scrapy\crawler.py", line 198, in create_crawler
    return self._create_crawler(crawler_or_spidercls)
  File "c:\python3.7\lib\site-packages\scrapy\crawler.py", line 203, in _create_crawler
    return Crawler(spidercls, self.settings)
  File "c:\python3.7\lib\site-packages\scrapy\crawler.py", line 55, in __init__
    self.extensions = ExtensionManager.from_crawler(self)
  File "c:\python3.7\lib\site-packages\scrapy\middleware.py", line 58, in from_crawler
    return cls.from_settings(crawler.settings, crawler)
  File "c:\python3.7\lib\site-packages\scrapy\middleware.py", line 34, in from_settings
    mwcls = load_object(clspath)
  File "c:\python3.7\lib\site-packages\scrapy\utils\misc.py", line 44, in load_object
    mod = import_module(module)
  File "c:\python3.7\lib\importlib\__init__.py", line 127, in import_module
    return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1006, in _gcd_import
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 983, in _find_and_load
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 967, in _find_and_load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 677, in _load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 728, in exec_module
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 219, in _call_with_frames_removed
  File "c:\python3.7\lib\site-packages\scrapy\extensions\telnet.py", line 12, in <module>
    from twisted.conch import manhole, telnet
  File "c:\python3.7\lib\site-packages\twisted\conch\manhole.py", line 154
    def write(self, data, async=False):
                              ^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax

D:\PythonWorkerspace\xdb>
居然这里抛出了异常：SyntaxError: invalid syntax----语法错误，

在Pycharm 里面打开 c:\python3.7\lib\site-packages\twisted\conch\manhole.py （按Ctrl键+鼠标左键）打开后是这样：

在154行这里提示：formal parameter name expected,查询发现self.handler.addOutput()里面也是用的同样的形参。

其实这里的async是python里面的关键字，使用关键字作为形参名称(本质上还是变量)自然是非法的。
明白了错误的原因后解决问题就很方便了，修改一下这个形参的名称，例如我修改成_ansyc,然后保存文件

3、验证修改结果

重启启动这个爬虫，运行正常。