conversion/lexical_cast

1、字符串->数值

C++代码
#include <boost/lexical_cast.hpp>   
#include <iostream>   
int main()   
{   
        using boost::lexical_cast;   
        int a = lexical_cast<int>("123");   
        double b = lexical_cast<double>("123.12");   
         std::cout<<a<<std::endl   
         std::cout<<b<<std::endl;   
        return 0;   
}  

#include <boost/lexical_cast.hpp>
#include <iostream>
int main()
{
        using boost::lexical_cast;
        int a = lexical_cast<int>("123");
        double b = lexical_cast<double>("123.12");
        std::cout<<a<<std::endl
        std::cout<<b<<std::endl;
        return 0;
}

2、数值->字符串

C++代码
#include <boost/lexical_cast.hpp>   
#include <string>   
#include <iostream>   
int main()   
{   
        using std::string;   
        const double d = 123.12;   
         string s = boost::lexical_cast<string>(d);   
         std::cout<<s<<std::endl;   
        return 0;   
}  

#include <boost/lexical_cast.hpp>
#include <string>
#include <iostream>
int main()
{
        using std::string;
        const double d = 123.12;
        string s = boost::lexical_cast<string>(d);
        std::cout<<s<<std::endl;
        return 0;
}

 

3、异常

C++代码
#include <boost/lexical_cast.hpp>   
#include <iostream>   
int main()   
{   
        using std::cout;   
        using std::endl;   
        int i;   
        try  
         {   
             i = boost::lexical_cast<int>("xyz");   
         }   
        catch(boost::bad_lexical_cast& e)   
         {   
             cout<<e.what()<<endl;   
            return 1;   
         }   
         cout<<i<<endl;   
        return 0;   
}  

#include <boost/lexical_cast.hpp>
#include <iostream>
int main()
{
        using std::cout;
        using std::endl;
        int i;
        try
        {
            i = boost::lexical_cast<int>("xyz");
        }
        catch(boost::bad_lexical_cast& e)
        {
            cout<<e.what()<<endl;
            return 1;
        }
        cout<<i<<endl;
        return 0;
}

显然“xyz”并不能转换为一个int类型的数值，于是抛出异常，捕捉后输出“bad lexical cast: source type value could not be interpreted as target”这样的信息。

 

4、注意事项

lexical_cast依赖于字符流std::stringstream，其原理相当简单：把源类型读入到字符流中，再写到目标类型中，就大功告成。

C++代码
int d = boost::lexical_cast<int>("123");  

int d = boost::lexical_cast<int>("123");

相当于

C++代码
int d;   
std::stringstream s;   
s<<"123";   
s>>d;  

int d;
std::stringstream s;
s<<"123";
s>>d;

5、小结

我们已经体验了boost::lexcial_cast。当然，lexical_cast不仅仅局限于字符串类型与数值类型之间的转换：可在任意可输出到stringstream的类型和任意可从stringstream输入的类型间转换。

另外 numeric_cast 提供了数字型之间转换的安全检查.

如边界检查: numeric_cast<int8_t>(lexical_cast<int>("127"));