vue-admin-template笔记(六)

Vue学习笔记(六)

学习vue-admin-template
https://github.com/PanJiaChen/vue-admin-template

这篇是该系列的收尾之篇,也是内容最多的一篇,主要是分析layout,路由最后一部分如下:

 {
    path: 'external-link',
    component: Layout,
    children: [
      {
        path: 'https://panjiachen.github.io/vue-element-admin-site/#/',
        meta: { title: 'External Link', icon: 'link' }
      }
    ]
  },
   { path: '*', redirect: '/404', hidden: true }

逻辑很简单,但是需要分析一下组件layout。

layout

layout.js

<template>
  <div :class="classObj" class="app-wrapper">
    <div v-if="device==='mobile'&&sidebar.opened" class="drawer-bg" @click="handleClickOutside"/>
    <sidebar class="sidebar-container"/>
    <div class="main-container">
      <navbar/>
      <app-main/>
    </div>
  </div>
</template>

<script>
import { Navbar, Sidebar, AppMain } from './components'
import ResizeMixin from './mixin/ResizeHandler'

export default {
  name: 'Layout',
  components: {
    Navbar,
    Sidebar,
    AppMain
  },
  mixins: [ResizeMixin],
  computed: {
    sidebar() {
      return this.$store.state.app.sidebar
    },
    device() {
      return this.$store.state.app.device
    },
    classObj() {
      return {
        hideSidebar: !this.sidebar.opened,
        openSidebar: this.sidebar.opened,
        withoutAnimation: this.sidebar.withoutAnimation,
        mobile: this.device === 'mobile'
      }
    }
  },
  methods: {
    handleClickOutside() {
      this.$store.dispatch('CloseSideBar', { withoutAnimation: false })
    }
  }
}
</script>

新术语解释:

  1. mixins

    类似面向对象的继承机制,定义一个基类,继承自基类,可以复用代码
    参考:

    1. 混入

小结:

  1. 导入页面组成部分,侧边菜单,导航栏,主页面。
  2. 混入具有响应式功能的基类,即可根据浏览器窗口大小来判断是否展示侧边菜单。

ResizeHandler.js

import store from '@/store'

const { body } = document
const WIDTH = 1024
const RATIO = 3

export default {
  watch: {
    $route(route) {
      if (this.device === 'mobile' && this.sidebar.opened) {
        store.dispatch('CloseSideBar', { withoutAnimation: false })
      }
    }
  },
  beforeMount() {
    window.addEventListener('resize', this.resizeHandler)
  },
  mounted() {
    const isMobile = this.isMobile()
    if (isMobile) {
      store.dispatch('ToggleDevice', 'mobile')
      store.dispatch('CloseSideBar', { withoutAnimation: true })
    }
  },
  methods: {
    isMobile() {
      const rect = body.getBoundingClientRect()
      return rect.width - RATIO < WIDTH
    },
    resizeHandler() {
      if (!document.hidden) {
        const isMobile = this.isMobile()
        store.dispatch('ToggleDevice', isMobile ? 'mobile' : 'desktop')

        if (isMobile) {
          store.dispatch('CloseSideBar', { withoutAnimation: true })
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

小结:
被layout混入的基类,实现自动适应屏幕大小的功能,主动是识别什么设备和是否关闭侧边菜单。

nvabar.vue

<template>
  <el-menu class="navbar" mode="horizontal">
    <hamburger :toggle-click="toggleSideBar" :is-active="sidebar.opened" class="hamburger-container"/>
    <breadcrumb />
    <el-dropdown class="avatar-container" trigger="click">
      <div class="avatar-wrapper">
        <img :src="avatar+'?imageView2/1/w/80/h/80'" class="user-avatar">
        <i class="el-icon-caret-bottom"/>
      </div>
      <el-dropdown-menu slot="dropdown" class="user-dropdown">
        <router-link class="inlineBlock" to="/">
          <el-dropdown-item>
            Home
          </el-dropdown-item>
        </router-link>
        <el-dropdown-item divided>
          <span style="display:block;" @click="logout">LogOut</span>
        </el-dropdown-item>
      </el-dropdown-menu>
    </el-dropdown>
  </el-menu>
</template>

<script>
import { mapGetters } from 'vuex'
import Breadcrumb from '@/components/Breadcrumb'
import Hamburger from '@/components/Hamburger'

export default {
  components: {
    Breadcrumb,
    Hamburger
  },
  computed: {
    ...mapGetters([
      'sidebar',
      'avatar'
    ])
  },
  methods: {
    toggleSideBar() {
      this.$store.dispatch('ToggleSideBar')
    },
    logout() {
      this.$store.dispatch('LogOut').then(() => {
        location.reload() // 为了重新实例化vue-router对象 避免bug
      })
    }
  }
}
</script>

小结:

  1. 定义了菜单栏的组成:一个汉堡栏、一个面包栏、一个下拉菜单
  2. 下拉菜单包含两项:主界面、登出操作
hamburger
<template>
  <div>
    <svg
      :class="{'is-active':isActive}"
      t="1492500959545"
      class="hamburger"
      style=""
      viewBox="0 0 1024 1024"
      version="1.1"
      xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
      p-id="1691"
      xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
      width="64"
      height="64"
      @click="toggleClick">
      <path
        d="M966.8023 568.849776 57.196677 568.849776c-31.397081 0-56.850799-25.452695-56.850799-56.850799l0 0c0-31.397081 25.452695-56.849776 56.850799-56.849776l909.605623 0c31.397081 0 56.849776 25.452695 56.849776 56.849776l0 0C1023.653099 543.397081 998.200404 568.849776 966.8023 568.849776z"
        p-id="1692" />
      <path
        d="M966.8023 881.527125 57.196677 881.527125c-31.397081 0-56.850799-25.452695-56.850799-56.849776l0 0c0-31.397081 25.452695-56.849776 56.850799-56.849776l909.605623 0c31.397081 0 56.849776 25.452695 56.849776 56.849776l0 0C1023.653099 856.07443 998.200404 881.527125 966.8023 881.527125z"
        p-id="1693" />
      <path
        d="M966.8023 256.17345 57.196677 256.17345c-31.397081 0-56.850799-25.452695-56.850799-56.849776l0 0c0-31.397081 25.452695-56.850799 56.850799-56.850799l909.605623 0c31.397081 0 56.849776 25.452695 56.849776 56.850799l0 0C1023.653099 230.720755 998.200404 256.17345 966.8023 256.17345z"
        p-id="1694" />
    </svg>
  </div>
</template>

<script>
export default {
  name: 'Hamburger',
  props: {
    isActive: {
      type: Boolean,
      default: false
    },
    toggleClick: {
      type: Function,
      default: null
    }
  }
}
</script>

小结:

  1. 汉堡栏,是否显示侧边菜单的开关。
  2. 汉堡栏,主要是svg的描述参数看起来比较复杂。其中最复杂的就是path了,这个是svg中最强大的画图工具了,可以用来画出其他的形状。具体各种画图命令可以参考svg教程
  3. 注意这里点击绑定的函数没有进一步描述,从navbar.vue里可以看到,使用这个组件时,绑定新的函数。注意这里的prop命令是toggleClick,但是navbar.vue绑定时用的toggle-click。这个是因为html是大小写无关的,而js是有关的,html中的短连线法命令与prop里的驼峰法命名保持一致。

参考

  1. vue组件中camelCased (驼峰式) 命名与 kebab-case(短横线命名)
  2. prop
Breadcrumb
<template>
  <el-breadcrumb class="app-breadcrumb" separator="/">
    <transition-group name="breadcrumb">
      <el-breadcrumb-item v-for="(item,index) in levelList" v-if="item.meta.title" :key="item.path">
        <span v-if="item.redirect==='noredirect'||index==levelList.length-1" class="no-redirect">{{ item.meta.title }}</span>
        // 如果没有重定向或者是最后一个元素,则输出title就行
        <router-link v-else :to="item.redirect||item.path">{{ item.meta.title }}</router-link>  
        // 如果有重定向或者有路由路径,则将其加上路由链接
      </el-breadcrumb-item>
    </transition-group>
  </el-breadcrumb>
</template>

<script>
import pathToRegexp from 'path-to-regexp'

export default {
  data() {
    return {
      levelList: null
    }
  },
  watch: {
    $route() {
      this.getBreadcrumb()
    }
  },
  created() {
    this.getBreadcrumb()
  },
  methods: {
    getBreadcrumb() {
      const { params } = this.$route
      let matched = this.$route.matched.filter(item => {
        if (item.name) {
          // To solve this problem https://github.com/PanJiaChen/vue-element-admin/issues/561
          var toPath = pathToRegexp.compile(item.path)
          item.path = toPath(params)
          return true
        }
      })
      const first = matched[0]
      if (first && first.name !== 'dashboard') {
        matched = [{ path: '/dashboard', meta: { title: 'Dashboard' }}].concat(matched)
      }
      this.levelList = matched
    }
  }
}
</script>

小结:

  1. 使用element-ui的面包导航栏,对于有重定向或者路由的菜单添加了对应的路由链接,对相关代码做了注释。

AppMain.vue

<template>
  <section class="app-main">
    <transition name="fade-transform" mode="out-in">
      <!-- or name="fade" -->
      <!-- <router-view :key="key"></router-view> -->
      <router-view/>
    </transition>
  </section>
</template>

<script>
export default {
  name: 'AppMain',
  computed: {
    // key() {
    //   return this.$route.name !== undefined ? this.$route.name + +new Date() : this.$route + +new Date()
    // }
  }
}
</script>

</style>

小结:

  1. 主页面的渲染载体,只需包含一个router-view元素即可,不同路由对应的组件都会在这个页面进行渲染展示。

sidebar

<template>
  <el-scrollbar wrap-class="scrollbar-wrapper">
    <el-menu
      :show-timeout="200"
      :default-active="$route.path"
      :collapse="isCollapse"
      mode="vertical"
      background-color="#304156"
      text-color="#bfcbd9"
      active-text-color="#409EFF"
    >
      <sidebar-item v-for="route in routes" :key="route.path" :item="route" :base-path="route.path"/>
    </el-menu>
  </el-scrollbar>
</template>

<script>
import { mapGetters } from 'vuex'
import SidebarItem from './SidebarItem'

export default {
  components: { SidebarItem },
  computed: {
    ...mapGetters([
      'sidebar'
    ]),
    routes() {
      return this.$router.options.routes
    },
    isCollapse() {
      return !this.sidebar.opened
    }
  }
}
</script>

小结:

  1. 侧边菜单栏,根据路由文件传递相关属性给组件sidebarItem来进行渲染
sidebaritem
<template>
  <div v-if="!item.hidden&&item.children" class="menu-wrapper">

	// 如果只有一个子菜单,就展示该菜单项即可,例如form和external link
    <template v-if="hasOneShowingChild(item.children,item) && (!onlyOneChild.children||onlyOneChild.noShowingChildren)&&!item.alwaysShow">
      <app-link :to="resolvePath(onlyOneChild.path)">
        <el-menu-item :index="resolvePath(onlyOneChild.path)" :class="{'submenu-title-noDropdown':!isNest}">
          <item v-if="onlyOneChild.meta" :icon="onlyOneChild.meta.icon||item.meta.icon" :title="onlyOneChild.meta.title" />
        </el-menu-item>
      </app-link>
    </template>

	// 如果有多个子菜单,如example和nested,先展示父菜单
    <el-submenu v-else :index="resolvePath(item.path)">
    	// 展示父菜单,这里的slot=title是element-ui里定义的具名slot
      <template slot="title">
        <item v-if="item.meta" :icon="item.meta.icon" :title="item.meta.title" />
      </template>

      <template v-for="child in item.children" v-if="!child.hidden">
      	// 如果有子菜单,则递归展示sidebar-item
        <sidebar-item
          v-if="child.children&&child.children.length>0"
          :is-nest="true"
          :item="child"
          :key="child.path"
          :base-path="resolvePath(child.path)"
          class="nest-menu" />
         // 否则展示为一个普通链接即可
        <app-link v-else :to="resolvePath(child.path)" :key="child.name">
          <el-menu-item :index="resolvePath(child.path)">
            <item v-if="child.meta" :icon="child.meta.icon" :title="child.meta.title" />
          </el-menu-item>
        </app-link>
      </template>
    </el-submenu>

  </div>
</template>

<script>
import path from 'path'
import { isExternal } from '@/utils'
import Item from './Item'
import AppLink from './Link'

export default {
  name: 'SidebarItem',
  components: { Item, AppLink },
  props: {
    // route object
    item: {
      type: Object,
      required: true
    },
    isNest: {
      type: Boolean,
      default: false
    },
    basePath: {
      type: String,
      default: ''
    }
  },
  data() {
    return {
      onlyOneChild: null
    }
  },
  methods: {
    hasOneShowingChild(children, parent) {
      const showingChildren = children.filter(item => {
        if (item.hidden) {
          return false
        } else {
          // Temp set(will be used if only has one showing child)
          this.onlyOneChild = item
          return true
        }
      })

      // When there is only one child router, the child router is displayed by default
      if (showingChildren.length === 1) {
        return true
      }

      // Show parent if there are no child router to display
      if (showingChildren.length === 0) {
        this.onlyOneChild = { ... parent, path: '', noShowingChildren: true }
        return true
      }

      return false
    },
    resolvePath(routePath) {
      if (this.isExternalLink(routePath)) {
        return routePath
      }
      return path.resolve(this.basePath, routePath)
    },
    isExternalLink(routePath) {
      return isExternal(routePath)
    }
  }
}
</script>

小结:

  1. 侧边菜单栏的菜单项,相关注意说明已经在代码中展示,虽然看起来很复杂,但是整个逻辑还是很简单的。可以多揣摩揣摩
item
<script>
export default {
  name: 'MenuItem',
  functional: true,
  props: {
    icon: {
      type: String,
      default: ''
    },
    title: {
      type: String,
      default: ''
    }
  },
  render(h, context) {
    const { icon, title } = context.props
    const vnodes = []

    if (icon) {
      vnodes.push(<svg-icon icon-class={icon}/>)
    }

    if (title) {
      vnodes.push(<span>{(title)}</span>)
    }
    // console.log(vnodes)
    return vnodes
  }
}
</script>

小结:

  1. 根据父组件传过来的参数渲染两个组件,图标和标题
link
<template>
  <!-- eslint-disable vue/require-component-is-->
  <component v-bind="linkProps(to)">
    <slot/>
  </component>
</template>

<script>
import { isExternal } from '@/utils'

export default {
  props: {
    to: {
      type: String,
      required: true
    }
  },
  methods: {
    isExternalLink(routePath) {
      return isExternal(routePath)
    },
    linkProps(url) {
      if (this.isExternalLink(url)) {
        return {
          is: 'a',
          href: url,
          target: '_blank',
          rel: 'noopener'
        }
      }
      return {
        is: 'router-link',
        to: url
      }
    }
  }
}
</script>

小结:

  1. 根据是外链还是内部链接,分别渲染为普通链接a或者router-link

总结

本篇是最后一篇笔记,将剩下的部分也都简单的分析了一下。整个vue-admin-template到此告一段落。整体来看,其实逻辑也不复杂,但是值得学习的细节挺多,向作者PanjiaChen致敬,也向vue作者尤雨溪致敬,前路漫漫,还要继续努力学习。加油!

参考

  1. 混入
  2. vue组件中camelCased (驼峰式) 命名与 kebab-case(短横线命名)
  3. prop
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