内存地址的变化

>>> a = [1,2,3,4]
>>> b = a
>>> id(a),id(b)
(139877719463120, 139877719463120)
>>> a.pop()
4
>>> a
[1, 2, 3]
>>> b
[1, 2, 3]
>>> id(a),id(b)
(139877719463120, 139877719463120)
>>> a = [1,2]
>>> b
[1, 2, 3]
>>> id(a),id(b)
(139877719537712, 139877719463120)
>>> 

开始的时候a,b同时指向内存地址为139877719463120中的数据。
函数pop()直接在内存地址中修改数据，造成了内存地址不变，但是里面的数据发生变动。
同时指向内存地址的a,b数据发生了变动

>>> a = [1,2]
>>> b
[1, 2, 3]
>>> id(a),id(b)
(139877719537712, 139877719463120)

重新定义了啊的内存地址，但是b的内存地址并没有变动

字典同理

>>> a = {'one':1,'two':2,'three':3,'four':4}
>>> b = a
>>> id(a),id(b)
(139877719583552, 139877719583552)
>>> a
{'four': 4, 'three': 3, 'two': 2, 'one': 1}
>>> b
{'four': 4, 'three': 3, 'two': 2, 'one': 1}
>>> a.clear()
>>> a
{}
>>> b
{}
>>> id(a),id(b)
(139877719583552, 139877719583552)

元组不能改变，只能重新定义

>>> a = (1,2,3,4)
>>> b = a
>>> a
(1, 2, 3, 4)
>>> b
(1, 2, 3, 4)
>>> a.pop()
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
AttributeError: 'tuple' object has no attribute 'pop'
>>> a.clear()
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
AttributeError: 'tuple' object has no attribute 'clear'
>>> id(a),id(b)
(139877719726928, 139877719726928)
>>> a = a[:2]+a[2:]
>>> a
(1, 2, 3, 4)
>>> b
(1, 2, 3, 4)
>>> id(a),id(b)
(139877719524464, 139877719726928)
>>>