http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_6e04a8350100n6d2.html
1、枚举enum的用途浅例
然后,调用以下函数:
比如,
2、枚举的定义
枚举的定义具有以下形式,即以关键词enum开头,接着一个可选的枚举名,下来是由大括号{}包含着一个由逗号分隔的枚举子列表enumerators list:
3、枚举子的类型和取值
其中
以上简单地按区域,将五个城市按照华南(4),华东(2), 华北(3)的几个城市分类了。
4、枚举变量的定义、初始化和赋值
int main(void)
{
}
输出将是the value is: 1. 然而,如果声明wh为全局变量,则另一种情况:
enum some_big_cities {Guangzhou = 1 Shenzhen = 1, Hongkong = 1,
some_big_cities wh;
int main(void)
{
}
输出将是the value is: 0;
或者
5、枚举的取值范围
6、枚举与整型的关系
7、自定义运算符
{
};
SomeCities oneCity;
for (oneCity = zhanjiang; oneCity != Zhongshan; ++oneCity)
{
}
以上的++OneCity是没有定义的,在Visual C++ 6 编译下得到如下错误:
error C2675: unary '++' : 'enum main::SomeCities' does not define this operator or a conversion to a type acceptable to the predefined operator
8、Sizeof
enum SomeCities
{
};
计算其sizeof, 可能是1,也可能是是4。在我的intel E2160双核、32位机器中,得到4。
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[注1, Begin]
由于通过将整型数显式转换就可能得到对应枚举类型的值,所以声明一个枚举来达到限制传递给函数的参数取值范围还是力不从心的,以下是一个例子:
enum SomeCities
{
zhanjiang=1, //1
Maoming,
Yangjiang,
Jiangmen,
Zhongshan = 1000 //1000
};
void printEnum(SomeCities sc)
{
cout<<sc<<endl;
}
int main(void)
{
SomeCities oneCity = SomeCities(50); //将50通过显式转换,为oneCity赋值
printEnum(oneCity); //在VC++ 6 编译器下得到50输出
return 0;
}
以上例子说明,虽然SomeCities的定义里没有赋值为50的枚举值,但是,由于50在该枚举的取值范围内,所以通过显式声明得到一个有定义的枚举值,从而成功传递给printEnum函数。
http://blog.csdn.net/yiyunoo/article/details/2433586
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
enum Day {Saturday, Sunday = 0, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday,
Thursday, Friday}; //Saturday = 0 by default, Sunday = 0 as well
void Prnt (Day day) // Print whether a day is a 'Weekend' or a "Weekday".
{
if (day ==0) cout << "Weekend" << endl;
else cout << "Weekday" << endl;
}
int main(){
enum Fruit {apple, pear, orange, banana} frt1; // 'frt1' can be declarated here.
// int apple; // error: redefinition of 'apple'
typedef enum Fruit ShuiGuo; // In c++, 'enum' can be omitted.
enum Fruit frt2 = apple; // In c++, 'enum' can be omitted.
ShuiGuo frt3 = pear; // After type-declaration synonym, 'enum' can not exist here!
frt1 = (Fruit) 0; // 'frt1' can be assigned with number by explicit cast.
for (int i = apple; i <= banana; i++)
switch (i)
{
case apple: cout << "apple" << endl; break;
case pear: cout << "pear" << endl; break;
case orange: cout << "orange" << endl; break;
case banana: cout << "banana" << endl; break;
default: break;
}
// Print whether a day is a 'Weekend' or a "Weekday".
Prnt (Saturday);
Prnt (Sunday);
Prnt (Monday);
Prnt (Tuesday);
Prnt (Wednesday);
Prnt (Thursday);
Prnt (Friday);
return 0;
}