Java IO流

控制台输入输出

    @Test
	public void reader() throws IOException {

		BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
		System.err.println("输入字符, 按下 'q' 键退出。");
		char a;
		do {
			a = (char) reader.read();
			System.err.println(a);
		} while (a != 'q');

	}

	@Test
	public void readerLine() throws IOException {

		BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
		System.err.println("输入字符, 按下 'end' 键退出。");
		String str;
		do {
			str = reader.readLine();
			System.err.println(str);
		} while (!str.equals("end"));

		int b = 'A';
		System.err.write(b);
		System.err.write('\n');

	}

读写文件

一个流被定义为一个数据序列。输入流用于从源读取数据，输出流用于向目标写数据。

下图是一个描述输入流和输出流的类层次图

    @Test
	public void outPutStreamTest() {

		byte[] bytes = { 11, 21, 3, 40, 5 };

		try {
			OutputStream output = new FileOutputStream("D:\\File\\text.txt");
			for (int i = 0; i < bytes.length; i++) {
				output.write(bytes[i]);
			}
			output.close();
		} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}

	}

	@Test
	public void inputStream() {

		try {
			InputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream("D:\\File\\text.txt");
			int available = inputStream.available();
			for (int i = 0; i < available; i++) {
				System.err.println(inputStream.read());
			}
			inputStream.close();

		} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}

	}

	@Test
	public void outputStreamWriterTest() {

		File file = new File("D:\\File\\text.txt");

		try {

			// 构建FileOutputStream对象,文件不存在会自动新建
			OutputStream outputStream = new FileOutputStream(file);
			// 构建OutputStreamWriter对象,参数可以指定编码,默认为操作系统默认编码,windows上是gbk
			OutputStreamWriter writer = new OutputStreamWriter(outputStream, "UTF-8");
			writer.append("中文输入");// 写入到缓冲区
			writer.append("\r\n"); // 换行
			// 刷新缓存冲,写入到文件,如果下面已经没有写入的内容了,直接close也会写入
			writer.append("English");
			// 关闭写入流,同时会把缓冲区内容写入文件,所以上面的注释掉
			writer.close();
			// 关闭输出流,释放系统资源
			outputStream.close();

		} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}

	}

	@Test
	public void inputStreamReaderTest() {

		File file = new File("D:\\File\\text.txt");
		try {
			InputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream(file);
			InputStreamReader reader = new InputStreamReader(inputStream, "UTF-8");

			StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
			while (reader.ready()) {
				sb.append((char) reader.read());
			}
			// 关闭读取流
			reader.close();
			// 关闭输入流,释放系统资源
			inputStream.close();

			System.err.println(sb.toString());

		} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}

	}

目录

创建目录

	/**
	 * 创建文件
	 */
	@Test
	public void fileTest() {

		String pathname = "D:\\File\\test\\text";
		File file = new File(pathname);
		file.mkdirs();

	}

读取目录

    /**
	 * 判断是文件还是目录
	 */
	@Test
	public void dirList() {

		String pathname = "D:\\File";
		File file = new File(pathname);
		if (file.isDirectory()) {//判断是文件还是目录
			String[] strings = file.list();
			for (String string : strings) {
				File f = new File(pathname + "\\" + string);
				if (f.isDirectory()) {
					System.err.println(string + " 是一个目录");
				} else {
					System.err.println(string + " 是一个文件");
				}
			}

		} else {
			System.err.println(pathname + " 是一个文件");
		}

	}

删除目录或文件

    /**
	 * 递归删除目录
	 */
	@Test
	public void deleteFile() {
		String pathname = "D:\\File";
		File file = new File(pathname);
		deleteFolder(file);

	}

	public void deleteFolder(File folder) {

		List<File> fileList = Arrays.asList(folder.listFiles());

		Optional.ofNullable(fileList).ifPresent(list -> {
			list.forEach(f -> {
				if (f.isDirectory()) {
					deleteFolder(f);
				} else {
					f.delete();
				}
			});
		});

//		if (fileList != null) {
//			for (File file : fileList) {
//				if (file.isDirectory()) {
//					deleteFolder(file);
//				} else {
//					file.delete();
//				}
//			}
//		}
		folder.delete();

	}