java通过Servlet生成验证码

实体类具体写法

package com.han.model;

import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Random;

import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class ValidateCodeServlet extends HttpServlet {

	/**
	 * 
	 */
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 2376992603034716655L;
	private final Font mFont = new Font("Arial Black", Font.PLAIN, 15); // 设置字体
	private final int lineWidth = 2; // 干扰线的长度=1.414*lineWidth
	private final int width = 88; // 定义图形大小
	private final int height = 25; // 定义图形大小
	private final int count = 200;

	/**
	 * 描述：
	 * 
	 * @param fc
	 *            描述：
	 * @param bc
	 *            描述：
	 * 
	 * @return 描述：
	 */
	private Color getRandColor(int fc, int bc) { // 取得给定范围随机颜色

		final Random random = new Random();

		if (fc > 255) {

			fc = 255;
		}

		if (bc > 255) {

			bc = 255;
		}

		final int r = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
		final int g = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
		final int b = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);

		return new Color(r, g, b);
	}

	// 处理post
	@Override
	public void doPost(final HttpServletRequest request,
			final HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException,
			IOException {

		doGet(request, response);
	}

	/**
	 * 描述：
	 * 
	 * @param request
	 *            描述：
	 * @param response
	 *            描述：
	 * 
	 * @throws ServletException
	 *             描述：
	 * @throws IOException
	 *             描述：
	 */
	@Override
	public void doGet(final HttpServletRequest request,
			final HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException,
			IOException {
		 response.reset();
		// 设置页面不缓存
		response.setHeader("Pragma", "No-cache");
		response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache");
		response.setDateHeader("Expires", 0);
		response.setContentType("image/gif");
		// 在内存中创建图象
		final BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height,
				BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);

		// 获取图形上下文
		final Graphics2D g = (Graphics2D) image.getGraphics();

		// 生成随机类
		final Random random = new Random();

		// 设定背景色
		g.setColor(getRandColor(200, 250)); // ---1

		g.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);

		// 设定字体
		g.setFont(mFont);

		// 画边框
		g.setColor(getRandColor(0, 20)); // ---2
		
		//距离
		g.drawRect(0, 0, width -1, height - 1);

		// 随机产生干扰线，使图象中的认证码不易被其它程序探测到
		for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {

			g.setColor(getRandColor(150, 200)); // ---3

			final int x = random.nextInt(width - lineWidth - 1) + 1; // 保证画在边框之内
			final int y = random.nextInt(height - lineWidth - 1) + 1;
			final int xl = random.nextInt(lineWidth);
			final int yl = random.nextInt(lineWidth);
			g.drawLine(x, y, x + xl, y + yl);
		}

		// 取随机产生的认证码(4位数字)
		String sRand = "";

		for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {

			final String rand = String.valueOf(random.nextInt(10));
			sRand += rand;

			// 将认证码显示到图象中,调用函数出来的颜色相同，可能是因为种子太接近，所以只能直接生成
			g.setColor(new Color(20 + random.nextInt(130), 20 + random
					.nextInt(130), 20 + random.nextInt(130))); // --4--50-100
            //第一个参数是要画上去的字符串    后面两个参数是针对 (0,0) x轴和y轴
			g.drawString(rand, (13 * i) + 10, 20);

		}

		// 将认证码存入SESSION
		request.getSession().setAttribute("validateCode", sRand);

		// 图象生效 
        //它的作用是销毁程序中指定的图形界面资源，如果在使用了graphics获得windows一些图形资源，而不进行关闭的话，由于后期多人使用就会造成内存溢出的情况的，导致程序卡死。
		g.dispose();
		final java.io.OutputStream os = response.getOutputStream();
		// 输出图象到页面
		ImageIO.write(image, "PNG", os);
		os.flush();
		os.close();

	}
}

web.xml文件的配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.5" 
	xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" 
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee 
	http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>ValidateCodeServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>com.han.model.ValidateCodeServlet</servlet-class>
     <init-param> 
	<param-name>width</param-name> 
	<param-value>200</param-value> 
	</init-param> 
	<init-param> 
	<param-name>height</param-name> 
	<param-value>80</param-value> 
	</init-param> 
	<init-param> 
	<param-name>codeCount</param-name> 
	<param-value>5</param-value> 
	</init-param> 
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>ValidateCodeServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/ValidateCodeServlet</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

jsp页面

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <base href="<%=basePath%>">
    
    <title>My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page</title>
	<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
	<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
	<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">    
	<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
	<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
	<!--
	<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
	-->
  </head>
  
  <body>
    验证码：<img src="ValidateCodeServlet"  class="img-rounded" οnclick="this.src='ValidateCodeServlet?'+Math.random();" />
  </body>
</html>