JAVA微信公众号对接openId群发图文

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前言

需求说明：微信公众号需要对特定的关注用户群发图文消息。
根据自己的业务需求来选择群发方式标签或者openid选择对应的接口地址
发送内容也根据自己业务需求来拼装参数
下面是根据用户openId推送图片内容。

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一、上传图片到微信服务器

1.新增素材获取media_id（参考文档）

链接: https://developers.weixin.qq.com/doc/offiaccount/Asset_Management/New_temporary_materials.html

2.代码

    /**
     * 上传本地文件到微信获取mediaId
     */
    public static JsonResult upload(String accessToken, String type) throws IOException {
        String filePath = "文件绝对路径"
        File file = new File(filePath);
        StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
        BufferedReader reader = null;
        String result = null;
        HttpURLConnection con;
        if (!file.exists() || !file.isFile()) {
            return JsonResult.fail(ServiceCode.ERROR_SERVICE,"未查询到文件");
        }
        try {//accessToken的获取不做具体描述了，type为image
            String url = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/media/upload?access_token=" + accessToken + "&type=" + type;
            URL urlObj = new URL(url);
            //连接
            con = (HttpURLConnection) urlObj.openConnection();
            con.setRequestMethod("POST");
            con.setDoInput(true);
            con.setDoOutput(true);
            con.setUseCaches(false);

            //设置请求头信息
            con.setRequestProperty("Connection", "Keep-Alive");
            con.setRequestProperty("Charset", "UTF-8");

            //设置边界
            String BOUNDARY = "----------" + System.currentTimeMillis();
            con.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "multipart/form-data; boundary=" + BOUNDARY);

            StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
            sb.append("--");
            sb.append(BOUNDARY);
            sb.append("\r\n");
            sb.append("Content-Disposition: form-data;name=\"file\";filename=\"" + file.getName() + "\"\r\n");
            sb.append("Content-Type:application/octet-stream\r\n\r\n");

            byte[] head = sb.toString().getBytes("utf-8");

            //获得输出流
            OutputStream out = new DataOutputStream(con.getOutputStream());
            //输出表头
            out.write(head);

            //文件正文部分
            //把文件已流文件的方式 推入到url中
            DataInputStream in = new DataInputStream(new FileInputStream(file));
            int bytes = 0;
            byte[] bufferOut = new byte[1024];
            while ((bytes = in.read(bufferOut)) != -1) {
                out.write(bufferOut, 0, bytes);
            }
            in.close();
            //结尾部分
            byte[] foot = ("\r\n--" + BOUNDARY + "--\r\n").getBytes("utf-8");//定义最后数据分隔线
            out.write(foot);
            out.flush();
            out.close();
            //定义BufferedReader输入流来读取URL的响应
            reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(con.getInputStream()));
            String line = null;
            while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
                buffer.append(line);
            }
            if (result == null) {
                result = buffer.toString();
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            logger.error("上传本地文件到微信异常e:===>",e);
            return JsonResult.fail(ServiceCode.ERROR_SERVICE,"上传本地文件到微信异常");
        } finally {
            if (reader != null) {
                reader.close();
            }
        }
        com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject jsonObj = com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject.parseObject(result);
        System.out.println(jsonObj);
        String typeName = "media_id";
        if (!"image".equals(type)) {
            typeName = type + "_media_id";
        }
        String mediaId = jsonObj.getString(typeName);
        return JsonResult.ok(mediaId);
    }

二、根据OpenID列表群发【订阅号不可用，服务号认证后可用】

1.接口地址

http请求方式: POST https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/message/mass/send?access_token=ACCESS_TOKEN
代码如下（示例）：

    /**推送
    * @Description:
    * @Param: [xm]
    * @return: JsonResult
    */
    @Override
    public JsonResult mytest(String xm) {
        Map<String,Object> resultMap = new HashMap<>();
        List<String> mediaIdList = new LinkedList<>();
        //获取token,使用自己的业务逻辑获取即可
        String token = TokenUtil.getToken(userCacheRepository, appId, appSecret);
        //获取的mediaId
        String mediaId = null;
        try {
            JsonResult result = upload(token, "image");
            if(200 != result.getCode()){
                return result;
            }
            mediaId = result.getData().toString();
            logger.info("mediaId:===>【{}】",mediaId);
            mediaIdList.add(mediaId);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
        List<String> openIdList = new LinkedList<>();
        //业务逻辑查询openId(多个)，群发接口至少发送两个用户
        String openId1 = "";
        String openId3 = "";
        openIdList.add(openId1);
        openIdList.add(openId3);

        JsonResult result = sendPicOrVoiceMessageToUser(mediaIdList, openIdList, "image", token);
        Integer code = result.getCode();
        String message = result.getMessage();
        Map<String,Object> map = new HashMap<>();
        map.put("message" , message);
        map.put("code",code);
        resultMap.put("sendCount"+(1),map);
        return JsonResult.ok(resultMap);
    }

    public static JsonResult sendPicOrVoiceMessageToUser(List<String> mediaId, List<String> toUser, String msgType, String accessToken) {
        String json = null;
        if (msgType.equals("image")) {
            json = MessageUtil.PushMessage(toUser,mediaId,null);
        }
        //此接口为根据OpenID列表群发接口，具体根据自己的需求选择是使用标签还是openid
        String action = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/message/mass/send?access_token=" + accessToken;
        logger.info("发送地址：===>【{}】",action);
        JsonResult result = new JsonResult();
        try {
            logger.info("sendJson:===>【{}】",json);
            result = connectWeiXinInterface(action, json);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        finally {
            return result;
        }
    }

    /**
     * 连接请求微信后台接口
     * @param action 接口url
     * @param json   请求接口传送的json字符串
     */
    public static JsonResult connectWeiXinInterface(String action, String json) {
        URL url;
        JsonResult jsonResult = new JsonResult();
        try {
            url = new URL(action);
            HttpURLConnection http = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
            http.setRequestMethod("POST");
            http.setRequestProperty("Content-Type",
                    "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
            http.setDoOutput(true);
            http.setDoInput(true);
            System.setProperty("sun.net.client.defaultConnectTimeout", "30000");// 连接超时30秒
            System.setProperty("sun.net.client.defaultReadTimeout", "30000"); // 读取超时30秒
            http.connect();
            OutputStream os = http.getOutputStream();
            os.write(json.getBytes("UTF-8"));// 传入参数
            InputStream is = http.getInputStream();
            int size = is.available();
            byte[] jsonBytes = new byte[size];
            is.read(jsonBytes);
            String result = new String(jsonBytes, "UTF-8");
            JSONObject jsonObject = JSONObject.parseObject(result);
            logger.info("发送图文返回结果：【{}】",jsonObject);
            Object msg = jsonObject.get("errmsg");
            Object errcode = jsonObject.get("errcode");
            jsonResult.setCode(Integer.valueOf(String.valueOf(errcode)));
            jsonResult.setMessage(String.valueOf(msg));
            os.flush();
            os.close();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        finally {
            return jsonResult;
        }
    }

三、相关问题以及限制

1.问题

1.使用测试号进行群送时微信返回48001，说是没有api功能授权，但是打开测试号接口授权是有的。单独发送又成功，上到正式环境就没有此问题，不知道啥原因。
群发参数

{
   "touser":[
    "OPENID1",
    "OPENID2"
   ],
   "images": {
      "media_ids": [
         "aaa",
         "bbb",
         "ccc"
      ],
      "recommend": "xxx",
      "need_open_comment": 1,
      "only_fans_can_comment": 0
   },
   "msgtype":"image"
}

单发参数 需要改变接口请求地址，在代码中有注释

{
	"touser": "toUser",
	"msgtype": "image",
	"image": {
		"media_id": "mediaId"
		}
} 

2.限制

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总结

以上就是今天要讲的内容，根据自己是发送图文、视频、音频、图片来组装对应的参数就行。
参考文档链接: https://developers.weixin.qq.com/doc/offiaccount/Message_Management/Batch_Sends_and_Originality_Checks.html